Te Tohutohu hei Whakakore i te Phobias: He Ara ki te Noho Mataku
Ko te mataku nui he urupare mataku nui, koretake hoki ki tētahi āhuatanga, ki tētahi mea, ki tētahi mahi rānei, kāore e tino tūpono ana ki tētahi mōrearea. Ko ētahi o ngā mea pea e whakaoho ana i te mataku ko te teitei, te rere, ngā wāhi iti, ngā pungawerewere, me ngā āhuatanga pāpori. Ahakoa he urupare ā-taiao te mataku, ā, he maha ngā wā he urupare tiaki, ka whakapiki ake ngā mataku i tēnei urupare ki ngā taumata tino ngoikore. Nā te mea ka taea e ia te whakararuraru nui i te oranga o ia rā, he mea nui te aro atu ki ngā mataku mā roto i ngā huarahi whai hua, pērā i te tohutohu. Ka tirohia e tēnei tuhinga ngā āhuatanga uaua o ngā mataku, ā, ka whanake ki te huarahi e taea ai e te tohutohu te mahi hei tikanga kaha ki te wikitoria i ēnei wero, me te whakatakoto i te ara mō tētahi oranga kore wehi koretake.
Te Mārama ki ngā Phobias
Ehara i te mea ko ngā mataku poto noa iho, ko ngā wā rānei o te koretake o te wairua, engari he mataku pumau, he nui rawa, he koretake hoki mō ngā āhuatanga, ngā taonga rānei. Nā te mea he rerekē te putanga mai o ngā mataku mō ia tangata, mō ia tangata, he mea nui kia mōhio ka taea e rātou te whakaoho i ngā tohu mai i te manukanuka ngawari ki ngā whakaeke mataku nui. Tērā pea ka whakapau kaha te tangata ki te karo i te tūmomo whakamataku e kitea ana, ka hua ake he herenga nui ki ngā mahi me ngā whanaungatanga o ia rā.
Ngā Momo Noa o ngā Phobias
1. Ngā mataku motuhake: He mataku nui, he mataku koretake ēnei mō ngā taonga, ngā āhuatanga rānei, pērā i ngā nakahi, ngā teitei, te rere rānei.
2. Te Whakahāwea Hapori (Te Mate Manukanuka Hapori): Ko te tikanga o tēnei he mataku nui ki ngā āhuatanga pāpori, e akiakihia ana e te manukanuka kei whakahengia, kei whakama rānei.
3. Agoraphobia: Ko te āhua o tēnei ko te wehi kei roto i ngā āhuatanga e uaua ai te mawhiti, e kore rānei e taea te āwhina, ā, he maha ngā tāngata e pāngia ana e tēnei ka karo i ngā wāhi tūmatanui.
Nga Take me nga Mea Hauora
Ahakoa kāore anō kia tino mārama te pūtake tuturu o te mataku, he mahi nui tā te huinga o ngā āhuatanga ira, taiao, me te hinengaro.
– Ngā Āhuatanga Ira: E tohu ana te hītori whānau i tētahi āhuatanga ira.
– Ngā Wheako Mamae: Mā te pānga tika, mā te pānga ā-kore rānei ki tētahi huihuinga mamae ka mau te wehi mō te wā roa.
– Ngā Whanoke i Akohia: Mā te mātakitaki i ngā urupare mataku a ētahi atu ka puta ai te mataku i ētahi wā.
Te Tūranga o te Tohutohu ki te Whakakore i ngā Phobias
He maha ngā huarahi whai hua hei whakakore i ngā mataku, engari ko te kaupapa tohutohu, inā koa ko te Whakaora Whanoke Hinengaro (CBT), he mea tino hira. Ko te arotahi a te CBT ki te whakarerekē i ngā tauira whakaaro kino me ngā whanonga e pā ana ki ngā urupare mataku. Me ruku tātou ki te huarahi e āwhina ai te tohutohu, inā koa ko te CBT, ki te whakahaere me te wikitoria i ngā mataku.
Maimoatanga Whanonga Whakaoho (CBT)
Te Whakaritenga Hinengaro
Ko te taahiraa tuatahi i roto i te CBT he maha ngā wā ko te whakarerekētanga hinengaro, e āwhina ana i ngā tāngata ki te tautuhi me te wero i ngā tauira whakaaro koretake e akiaki ana i tō rātou mataku. Hei tauira, ko te tangata e wehi ana ki te rere ka pupuri pea i te whakapono koretake he tino morearea te rere, ahakoa ngā taunakitanga tatauranga e whakahē ana. Ka āwhina te kaitohutohu i te tangata ki te aro atu ki ēnei whakaaro arorau me te whakakapi i aua whakaaro ki ngā tirohanga pono ake.
Te Whakamaramatanga
Ko te rongoā whakahāngai, he mea nui i roto i te CBT, ka ārahi i ngā tāngata kia āta aro atu ki ō rātou wehi i roto i te huarahi whakahaere me te pūnaha. He maha ngā wā ka tīmata tēnei tukanga mā te whakaaro, te matapaki rānei i te mea, i te āhuatanga rānei e wehingia ana, ā, ka mutu ka ahu whakamua ki te taunekeneke tika. Mā te wheako i tō rātou wehi i roto i te taiao haumaru, ka ako ngā tāngata kāore ā rātou whakapono kino e tutuki, ā, ka whakaiti i te kaha o ā rātou tauhohenga mataku.
Nga Tikanga Whakangāwari me te Maharahara
Hei whakahaere pai ake i ngā tohu ā-tinana o te manukanuka, ka whakauruhia e te CBT ngā tikanga whakangā pēnei i te manawa hōhonu, te whakangā uaua haere tonu, me te aroātahi. Ka āwhina te aroātahi i te tangata ki te whakatakoto i a rātou anō ki te wā o nāianei, ka whakaiti i ngā whakaaro rere e whakanui ana i ngā urupare mataku.
Nga Whakamatau Whanonga
Ko ngā whakamātautau whanonga he whakamātautau i ngā matapae a te tangata mataku mō tōna wehi. Mena he wehi tō te tangata ki te kōrero i te aroaro o te marea, ka whakarite pea te kaiārahi kia kōrero rātou i roto i tētahi rōpū iti, tautoko, me te tuhi i ngā putanga. I te nuinga o te wā, he iti ake te wehi o ngā wheako tūturu i tā te tangata i whakaaro ai, ā, ka taea e tēnei te whakatuwhera i ngā kanohi me te hanga whakapono.
I tua atu i te CBT: Ētahi atu Huarahi Whakaora
Ahakoa he paerewa koura tonu te CBT, he maha atu ano nga huarahi whakaora ka tino whai hua ki te rongoa i nga phobias.
Ārai Whakaaturanga me te Whakautu (ERP)
He momo motuhake o te CBT, he tino whai hua te ERP mō ngā mataku motuhake. Ka aro nui ki te wāhanga whakaaturanga, ka ārai i te tangata kei uru ki ngā whanonga karo. I roto i te wā, ka āwhina tēnei ki te whakaiti i te urupare mataku.
Ko te Whakakoretanga o te Movement Movement me te Tukatuka (EMDR)
I te tīmatanga i whakawhanakehia mō te mate ahotea muri-traumatic (PTSD), kua whakaatuhia e te EMDR he pūmanawa mō te rongoā i ngā mataku i puta mai i ngā wheako mamae. Ka āwhina tēnei rongoā ki te tukatuka anō i te mamae, me te whakarerekē i te urupare kare ā-roto ki tētahi mahara i wehingia i mua.
Maimoatanga
Ahakoa ehara i te mea koinei te rongoā tuatahi, ka taea te whakamahi tahi me te rongoā pēnei i ngā rongoā pōuriuri me ngā rongoā ārai-manukanuka hei whakamama i ngā tohu kino, kia taea ai e te tangata te whai wāhi nui atu ki te whakahāngai.
Te Hiranga o te Arataki Ngaio
Ehara te tohutohu hei wikitoria i ngā mataku i te otinga kotahi mō te katoa. Me whai huarahi kua whakaritea kia whai whakaaro ki ngā mataku motuhake, ki ngā hītori, me ngā āhua o ia tangata. Kua whakangungua ngā kaitohutohu ngaio ki te whakamahi i ngā momo tikanga me te whakarerekē i ēnei i runga i te ahunga whakamua me ngā urupare a te tangata. Ko te ngana ki te aro atu ki ngā mataku me te kore he aratohu ngaio ka arahi pea ki te pikinga o te manukanuka me te whakapakari i te whanonga mataku.
Ngā Hipanga hei Tīmata
1. Rapua he Āwhina Ngaio: Whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ki tētahi tohunga hinengaro haumanu, ki tētahi kaiwhakaora hinengaro whai raihana rānei e tohunga ana ki ngā mate mataku me ngā mate manukanuka.
2. Ngā Wāhanga Auau: Ko te auau o ngā wā kōrero tohutohu te mea nui; mā ngā wā kōrero tohutohu auau ka ara ake te huarahi mō te ahunga whakamua nui.
3. Mahi Kāinga: He maha ngā wā ka tohua e ngā kaiārahi ngā mahi hei whakaharatau i waho o ngā wā whakangungu. Mā te whai wāhi kaha ki ēnei mahi ka tere ake te whakapai ake.
Ngā Utu o te Whakakore i ngā Phobias
Mā te wetewete i ngā here o te mataku ka tino whakapai ake i te kounga o te oranga. Ka horapa ngā painga ki:
– Ngā Taunekeneke Hapori Whakapai Ake: Mā te whakaiti i te manukanuka pāpori ka pai ake ngā whanaungatanga me te oranga pāpori whai rawa atu.
– Ngā Huarahi Whakanuia: Mā te whakakore i ngā mataku ka huaki ake ngā huarahi i aukatia i mua nā te wehi.
– Te Hauora Hinengaro Pai Ake: Mā te whakaiti i te manukanuka ka whakanui ake i te oranga hinengaro whānui, ā, ka taea hoki te whakaiti i ngā tohu o te pouri.
Opaniraa
Ka taea e te mataku te whakararuraru i te oranga o te tangata, ka arahi ki te taumahatanga nui o te hinengaro, ā, i ētahi wā ka pāngia e te tinana. Heoi, mā te whaikōrero whai hua, ka taea te whakahaere i ēnei mataku, ā, i roto i te nuinga o ngā wā, ka taea te whakakore katoa. Mā te whai wāhi atu ki ngā kaiwhakaora hinengaro ngaio me te whakamahi i ngā rautaki pēnei i te CBT, te rongoā whakamātau, me ētahi atu maimoatanga tautoko, ka taea e te tangata te whakaora i ō rātou oranga. Ko te wikitoria i ngā mataku he nui atu i te mahi toa; he haerenga ki te whakaora i te mana motuhake me te harikoa o te tangata. Rapua he āwhina, kia mau tonu te whakapau kaha, me te awhi i te oranga maia e taea ai e koe te angitu i roto i ngā āhuatanga katoa.
