Te Huarahi Adlerian i roto i te Whakatakotoranga: He Tirohanga Whānui
Ko te huarahi Adlerian i roto i te mahi tohutohu, i tapaina i muri i tōna kaiwhakaū a Alfred Adler, he tikanga whānui, he whainga hoki e arotahi ana ki te mārama ki ngā tāngata takitahi i roto i ō rātou horopaki pāpori. Nā Adler, he rata me he kaiwhakaora hinengaro nō Austria, tēnei huarahi matua i whakawhanake i te tīmatanga o te rautau 20, e whai pānga tonu ana ki ngā mahi hinengaro o nāianei.
Ngā Mātāpono Matua o te Whakaora Adlerian
Hopu
I whakanui a Adler i te hiranga o te titiro ki ngā tāngata takitahi hei tangata katoa, kaua hei kohinga tohu, hei whanonga rānei. Ko te tikanga o tēnei tirohanga whānui ko te mārama ki ngā āhuatanga maha o te oranga o te tangata, tae atu ki ō rātou āhuatanga tinana, pāpori, me ngā āhuatanga kare ā-roto. Mā te whakakotahitanga ka taea e ngā kaiwhakaora hinengaro te mārama ki te hononga o ngā āhuatanga maha o te oranga o te tangata.
Te hangarau kōrero
Ko te ariā matua o Adler ko te ariā o te teleology, e kī ana he whai take, he whai whāinga hoki te whanonga tangata. E ārahihia ana ngā tāngata takitahi e ngā whāinga motuhake, he maha ngā wā kāore i te mōhiotia, e hoatu ana i te tikanga ki ā rātou whanonga. He rerekē tēnei ki ngā huarahi whakatau e hono ana i te whanonga ki ngā kaupapa o mua. Mā te tautuhi i ngā whāinga a ngā kiritaki, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakaora hinengaro te mārama ake me te āwhina ki te whakarerekē i ā rātou whanonga.
Te Hiahia Hapori me te Aroha Hapori
Nā Adler i whakauru mai te ariā o te "pānga pāpori" me te "Gemeinschaftsgefühl" rānei, e pā ana ki te wairua noho me te takoha a te tangata ki te hapori. I whakapono ia he hononga tata te hauora hinengaro ki ngā kare ā-roto o te hononga me te mahi tahi me ētahi atu. Mā te whakatenatena i te aro pāpori ki ngā kiritaki ka āwhina i te whakatipu i te wairua whai take me te whakaiti i ngā kare ā-roto o te mokemoke.
Te whakaiti me te whai kia eke ki te hiranga
Ko tētahi ariā matua o te rongoā Adlerian ko te ariā o te matatini o te whakaiti me te whai kia hira ake. I whakapae a Adler ko ngā kare ā-roto o te whakaiti he maha ngā wā ka akiaki i te tangata ki te whai kia eke ki te hiranga me te whakapai ake i a ia anō. Heoi, ina kaha rawa ēnei kare ā-roto, ka taea e rātou te arahi ki te matatini o te whakaiti, ki te utu nui rawa rānei mā te whanonga pukuriri, te hiahia nui rawa, te wehe rānei.
Te Āhua Noho me ngā Mahi o te Oranga
Ka tūhuratia e te rongoā Adlerian te ariā o te "momo noho," e pā ana ki te huinga ahurei o ngā whakapono, ngā rautaki, me ngā whanonga e whakawhanakehia ana e te tangata hei whakautu ki ngā wero o te ao. Ko te tikanga ka hangaia te momo noho i te tīmatanga o te ao, ā, ka taea te awe i te huarahi e whakatata atu ai te tangata ki ngā mahi matua e toru o te ao: te mahi, te aroha, me ngā whanaungatanga pāpori. Mā te tirotiro me te mārama ki te momo noho o te kiritaki ka āwhina i te aro atu ki ngā tauira taunga kore me te whakahaere i ngā whanonga hauora.
Te Tukanga Whakaora i roto i te Tohutohu Adlerian
Te Whakawhanaungatanga
He mea nui te whakatū i tētahi hononga kaha, mahi tahi i waenganui i te kaiwhakaora hinengaro me te kiritaki i roto i te rongoā Adlerian. Ko te āhua o tēnei hononga mahi tahi ko te whakaute tetahi ki tetahi, te aroha, me te whakatenatena. Ko te whāinga a te kaiwhakaora hinengaro he waihanga i tētahi taiao haumaru, tautoko hoki e mārama ai te kiritaki, e whai mana ana hoki.
Aromatawai me te Māramatanga
Ka whakahaerehia e ngā kaiwhakaora hinengaro Adlerian he aromatawai whānui hei mārama ki te āhua noho, ngā whakapono, me ngā whāinga o te kiritaki. Tērā pea ka uru atu ki tēnei te tūhura i ngā maharatanga o mua, ngā āhuatanga whānau, me ngā wheako nui o te ao. Ka whakamahia ngā tikanga pēnei i te "tikanga pātai" hei hura i ngā whāinga me ngā hihiri huna a te kiritaki.
Te Māramatanga me te Whakamārama
Kia oti te aromatawai, ka āwhina te kaiwhakaora hinengaro i te kiritaki kia mārama ki ā rātou whanonga me ngā whāinga matua e ārahi ana i a rātou. Kei roto i tēnei ko te whakamārama i ngā tauira, ngā whakapono, me ngā whiringa oranga o te kiritaki. Mā te mārama ki ngā take kei muri i ā rātou mahi, ka taea e ngā kiritaki te whakawhanake i te mōhiotanga ki a rātou anō me te tīmata ki te tautuhi i ngā wāhi hei whakarerekē.
Te Whakahoutanga me te Whakaakoranga Anō
Ko te wāhanga whakamutunga o te rongoā Adlerian ko te whakarerekē i ngā whakapono me ngā whanonga a te kiritaki ki ngā whāinga hauora ake, whai hua ake hoki mō te hapori. Ka mahi tahi te kaiwhakaora hinengaro me te kiritaki ki te whakawhanake i ngā rautaki hou hei wikitoria i ngā wero me te whakatutuki i ā rātou whāinga. Kei roto pea i tēnei ko te whakatenatena i te hiahia pāpori, te whakatairanga i te tipu whaiaro, me te whakatairanga i ngā whanonga urutau.
Ngā Tikanga me ngā Wawaotanga i roto i te Whakaora Adlerian
Te faaitoito
He mea nui te whakatenatena i roto i te rongoā Adlerian. Kei roto i tēnei ko te āwhina i ngā kiritaki ki te whakawhanake i te whakapono ki a rātou anō me te whakaaro pai ki a rātou anō. Mā te mōhio ki ō rātou kaha me ō rātou pūmanawa, ka taea e ngā kiritaki te whai mana ki te hanga i ngā huringa pai ki ō rātou ao.
Socratic Questioning
Ka whakamahia te pātai Socratic hei wero i ngā whakapono me ngā whakapae a ngā kiritaki. Mā te pātai i ngā pātai tuwhera, ka akiaki ngā kaiwhakaora hinengaro i ngā kiritaki kia whakaaroaro matatau mō ā rātou whanonga me ngā whāinga e ārahi ana i a rātou. Ka āwhina tēnei tikanga i ngā kiritaki ki te whiwhi tirohanga hou me te whakawhanake i ngā whakapono urutau.
Te Aromatawai Tikanga
Ko te whakahaere i tētahi aromatawai āhua noho ko te tūhura i ngā maharatanga o mua o te kiritaki, ngā moemoeā, me ngā whanaungatanga o te whānau. Mā tēnei ka mārama ki te tirohanga ao ahurei a te kiritaki me ngā āhuatanga e hanga ana i ā rātou whanonga. Mā te mārama ki ēnei āhuatanga ka taea e ngā kaiwhakaora hinengaro te whakarite i ngā wawaotanga ki ngā hiahia motuhake o te kiritaki.
Te mahi "Me te mea nei"
Mā tēnei tikanga ka akiaki ngā kiritaki ki te mahi me te mea kua tutuki i a rātou ā rātou whāinga, kua mau rānei i a rātou ngā āhuatanga e hiahiatia ana. Mā te tango i ngā whanonga me ngā waiaro hou, ka taea e ngā kiritaki te wheako i te ahunga whakamua me te hanga whakapono ki tō rātou kaha ki te huri.
Te Whakatau-Whakatau
Mā te tākaro tūranga ka taea e ngā kiritaki te whakaharatau i ngā pūkenga me ngā whanonga hou i roto i te taiao haumaru. Mā te whakatauira i ngā āhuatanga o te ao tūturu, ka taea e ngā kiritaki te whiwhi wheako me te whakawhanake rautaki mō te whakahaere i ngā wero kia pai ake te whai hua.
Tautuhinga Mahi
He mea nui te whakatakoto whāinga me te whakatakoto mahi ki te huarahi Adlerian. Ka mahi tahi ngā kaiwhakaora hinengaro me ngā kiritaki ki te whakatū i ngā whāinga motuhake, ka taea te whakatutuki, me te tautuhi i ngā mahi e tika ana hei whakatutuki i aua whāinga. Mā tēnei huarahi hanganga ka hoatu he mahere mārama ki ngā kiritaki mō te huringa.
Ngā Whakamahinga me te Whai Huatanga o te Whakaora Adlerian
Tohutohu Takitahi
E whakamahia whānuitia ana te rongoā Adlerian i roto i te kaunihera takitahi hei aro atu ki ngā momo take, tae atu ki te manukanuka, te pouri, ngā raruraru whanaungatanga, me ngā āwangawanga mō te whakaaro nui ki a ia anō. Nā tōna āhua whānui me te arotahi ki ngā whāinga, he huarahi maha-whakamahinga mō te whanaketanga whaiaro me te whakapai ake i te hauora hinengaro.
Te Whakaora i ngā Tāne me ngā Whānau
I roto i te horopaki o te whakaora i ngā tāne me ngā wāhine me te whānau, ka taea e ngā mātāpono Adlerian te āwhina i te aro atu ki ngā whanaungatanga me te whakapai ake i te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero. Mā te whakatairanga i te hiahia pāpori me te whakaute tetahi ki tetahi, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakaora Adlerian te āwhina i ngā whānau me ngā tāne me ngā wāhine ki te hanga whanaungatanga kaha ake, hauora ake.
Tautuhinga Matauranga
Ka whakamahia hoki ngā tikanga Adlerian i roto i ngā wāhi mātauranga hei whakarei ake i te whanaketanga o ngā ākonga me te aro atu ki ngā take whanonga. Mā te arotahi ki te whakatenatena me te hiahia pāpori, ka taea e ngā kaiako te waihanga i ngā taiao ako tautoko e whakatairanga ana i te oranga o ngā ākonga me te angitu mātauranga.
Ngā Tautuhinga Whakahaere me te Wāhi Mahi
I roto i ngā whakaritenga whakahaere me ngā wāhi mahi, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā mātāpono Adlerian hei whakapai ake i ngā mahi a te tīma, ngā pūkenga kaiārahi, me te pai o te mahi a ngā kaimahi. Mā te whakatenatena i te wairua hapori me te kaupapa tahi ka taea te whakarei ake i te hua me te waihanga i tētahi ahurea mahi pai.
Opaniraa
Mā te huarahi Adlerian i roto i te kaupapa tohutohu ka tukuna he anga whānui me te aroha ki te mārama me te aro atu ki ngā whanonga tangata. Mā te whakanui i te holism, te hiahia pāpori, me te whanonga whai take, ka whakaratohia e te rongoā Adlerian ki ngā kiritaki he māramatanga whai hua me ngā rautaki whai hua mō te tipu whaiaro me te oranga. Ko tōna hiranga tonu me tōna ngāwari ki te urutau e whakaatu ana i te taonga tuku iho pumau o Alfred Adler i roto i te mara o te hinengaro.
