Te Pānga o te Koroni ki ngā Hanganga Hapori me ngā Hanganga Ahurea
Ko te Koroni—he wā uaua, he maha ngā āhuatanga o te hītori o te ao—kua waiho he tohu e kore e taea te wareware ki ngā hanganga pāpori me ngā hanganga ahurea o ngā hapori huri noa i te ao. Nā tēnei āhuatanga hītori, e tohuhia ana e te pehitanga me te whakamahi kino i ngā whenua e ngā mana o tāwāhi, kua puta he huringa nui ki ngā rohe kua koronihia, ā, kua hua ake he pānga roa e pā ana ki tēnei rā tonu. Mai i te whakarerekētanga o ngā tikanga noho taketake ki te hanga anō i ngā kaupapa whakahaere pāpori, kua rarangahia hohonu te pānga o te koroni ki roto i te hanganga pāpori me te ahurea o ngā iwi maha.
Te Hanga Anō i ngā Aroārahi Hapori
Ko tētahi o ngā pānga nui o te koroni ko te hanga anō i ngā kaupapa whakahaere pāpori i roto i ngā hapori koroni. He maha ngā wā i whakatūria ai e ngā kaikoroni ngā pūnaha e whakanoho ana i a rātou anō ki te tihi o tēnei tikanga pāpori hou, e tuku ana i ngā taupori taketake ki te taumata o raro. I ngā rohe pēnei i a Āwherika, Āhia, me Amerika, i whakaurua, i whakaitihia rānei ngā kaiārahi tuku iho me ngā hanganga hapori, ā, ka puta he mana hou e tautoko ana i ngā kaikoroni. He maha ngā wā i arahina ai tēnei hanga anō ki te whakarērea o ngā mana taketake me te whakaurunga mai o ngā pūnaha tari kāwanatanga o tāwāhi.
Hei tauira, i Īnia, i whakauruhia e te kāwanatanga koroni o Peretānia ngā pūnaha moni whiwhi whenua pērā i ngā pūnaha Zamindari me Ryotwari, kāore i te whakarerekē noa i ngā tauira mana whenua engari i whakapūmau hoki i ngā wehewehenga ōhanga-pāpori. He maha ngā wā i whakanui ake ai ēnei pūnaha i ngā rerekētanga kāwai me ngā rerekētanga ōhanga, ā, i whakatakoto i te turanga mō te whakarōpūtanga hapori e mau tonu ana ki tēnei rā.
Te Whakaurunga Ahurea me te Whakaranutanga
I puta mai anō hoki ngā huringa ahurea nui i te wā o te koroni mā roto i ngā tukanga whakauru me te whakakotahitanga. Ko ngā mahi mihinare he taputapu noa i whakamahia e ngā kainoho koroni hei whakatairanga i tā rātou whakapono me ngā uara ahurea, i te nuinga o te wā i runga i te utu mō ngā tikanga taketake. I Amerika Latina, i kaha te huri a ngā mihinare Pāniora me Pōtikī i ngā taupori taketake ki te Karaitianatanga, ā, i hua ake ai te whakakotahitanga o ngā mahi whakapono ā-rohe me ngā kawa Katorika. Nā tēnei ranunga ahurea i ara ake ai ngā whakaaturanga whakapono ahurei e mau tonu ana i roto i ngā momo āhua puta noa i te whenua.
Waihoki, i roto i te maha o ngā koroni o Āwherika, i whakaurua ngā pūnaha mātauranga Pākehā hei "whakawhanake" i ngā taupori taketake. Ahakoa i hua mai i ēnei whakarerekētanga mātauranga te pānui me te tuhituhi me te ahu whakamua i te mātauranga, i arahi anō hoki ki te memeha o ngā pūnaha mātauranga tuku iho me ngā reo. Nā te whakatinanatanga o ngā reo Pākehā hei reo whakaako i hanga he wehewehenga reo, i whakawhiwhia ai te hunga matatau ki te reo o te koroni, ā, i tahaetia ai ngā reo taketake.
Te Whakamahi Kino Ōhanga me te Whakanekehanga Hapori
He nui hoki ngā pānga pāpori o te mahi kino ā-ōhanga i roto i te koroni. He maha ngā wā i tangohia ai e ngā kainoho ngā rauemi me ngā taonga mai i ngā rohe koroni, ka tukuna ngā painga ōhanga ki ngā rangatira koroni, ā, ka waiho te iwi o te rohe kia rawakore. Nā tēnei ōhanga e ahu mai ana i te tango whenua i whakararu i ngā oranga tuku iho, ā, i akiakihia ngā hapori o te rohe ki te mahi pononga, ki te mahi utu iti rānei.
Hei tauira, i te Congo o Belgian, nā te umanga rapa i arahi te mahi tukino nanakia me ngā mahi nanakia whānui. Nā te hiahia mō te rapa i akiaki ngā tāngata o Congo ki te mahi takoha i raro i ngā āhuatanga kino, ā, i whakangaro i ngā hapori, i whakararuraru hoki i te kotahitanga hapori. Waihoki, i te Karipiana o Peretānia, nā te ōhanga māra i whakawhirinaki ki te mahi pononga a Awherika i hanga he hapori wehewehea rawatia i runga i ngā rārangi iwi me te ōhanga, ā, kei te kitea tonu ngā pānga i roto i ngā hanganga hapori o te rohe.
Te Wetewete i ngā Whare Hapori Tuku Iho
I te nuinga o te wā, ko te wā i whakakorea ai ngā umanga pāpori tuku iho te take o te koroni. Ko ngā pūnaha kāwanatanga taketake, te tika, me te whakaritenga pāpori i tautokona e ngā anga koroni he mea tauhou, he mea kāore i te ōrite ki ngā horopaki o te rohe. Nā tēnei i ngaro ai te kotahitanga pāpori me te ngoikore o ngā hononga hapori i puritia i mua e ngā umanga taketake.
I Ahitereiria, nā te koroni o Peretānia i ārahi te nekehanga o ngā hapori Taketake me te whakararuraru i ō rātou hanganga pāpori. I whakararuhia ngā mana whenua tuku iho, ngā pūnaha whanaungatanga, me ngā tikanga ahurea, ā, i puta ai te mamae i waenga i ngā whakatipuranga me te pakaru o te hapori. I ēnei rā, kei te aro tonu ngā taupori Taketake ki ngā wero nui ki te whakahoki mai i ō rātou taonga tuku iho me ngā hanganga pāpori.
Te Whakataki i ngā Tikanga Hapori Hou
Ahakoa he maha ngā pānga kino o te koroni, i whakaurua mai hoki e ia ngā tikanga pāpori hou me ngā umanga hou i pā ki ngā hapori koroni. Ko te whakatūnga o ngā pūnaha mātauranga hou, ngā ture ture, me ngā hanganga hauora ētahi o ngā taonga tuku iho tino kitea o te koroni. I ētahi horopaki, i āwhina ēnei umanga i te whakahoutanga me te whanaketanga ā-motu i muri i te mana motuhake.
Hei tauira, i te Tonga-mā-rāwhiti o Āhia, i whakatūria e ngā mana koroni ngā pūnaha mātauranga i whakaputa, i whakaako hoki i ngā rangatira, ā, i muri mai ka whai tūranga nui rātou i roto i ngā nekehanga ā-motu me ngā whenua whai muri i te koroni. Heoi, he maha ngā wā ka puta he utu mō ngā pūnaha mātauranga tuku iho me te mātauranga ā-rohe.
Te Manawanui me te Whakaora Ahurea
Ahakoa te pānga nui o te koroni, he maha ngā hapori kua koronihia kua whakaatu i te manawanui me te ngāwari ki te urutau. I muri i te mana o te koroni, kua ara ake te hiahia ki ngā ahurea taketake, ngā reo, me ngā tikanga tuku iho. Kua uru ngā hapori whai muri i te koroni ki ngā mahi ki te whakahoki mai me te whakaora i ō rātou taonga tuku iho, me te wero i ngā taonga tuku iho o te koroni.
I Āwherika ki te Tonga, i te mutunga o te whakahāwea iwi, i aro houtia te whakaora i ngā reo taketake me ngā tikanga ahurea. Ko te whakatairanga i ngā reo pēnei i te reo Zulu me te reo Xhosa i roto i te mātauranga me te pāpāho he wāhanga o ngā mahi whānui hei whakatika i te whakakorenga ahurea i pā ki a rātou i ngā wā o te koroni me te whakahāwea iwi.
Opaniraa
Ko te pānga o te koroni ki ngā hanganga pāpori me ngā ahurea he tohu i tōna uauatanga me ōna pānga whānui. Ahakoa i whakakorengia ngā tikanga tuku iho o te noho me te whakatinana i ngā pūnaha ke, i whai wāhi anō hoki ki te whakakotahitanga o ngā ahurea me te hanganga o ngā mahi pāpori hou. Kei te kitea tonu ngā tohu o te koroni i roto i ngā hierarki pāpori, ngā whenua ahurea, me ngā rerekētanga ōhanga o te maha o ngā koroni o mua. Heoi anō, ko te manawanui me te kaha o ngā iwi koroni ki te whakahoki mai me te whakaora i ō rātou taonga tuku iho ahurea he tumanako mō te heke mai. I a tātou e tohe tonu ana ki ngā taonga tuku iho o te koroni, he mea nui kia mōhio me te mārama ki ēnei pānga hītori hei whakatairanga i ngā hapori whānui me te tika.
