25 Ike eletriki - nsogbu na ngwọta
1. 220 V – 5 A na-eji oriọna eletriki eme ihe ruo nkeji iri atọ. Ike ole ka ọ chọrọ?
Ngwọta:
Voltaji (V) = Voltaji 220
Ọkụ eletrik (I) = 5 Ampere
Oge (t) = nkeji iri atọ = sekọnd iri atọ x iri isii = sekọnd iri asatọ na asatọ
Ike eletriki (P):
P = VI = (220 Volt) (5 Ampere) = 1100 Volt Ampere = 1100 Watt = 1100 Joule / sekọnd
Ike eletriki = Ike eletriki x oge = (1100 Joule/sekọnd) (1800 sekọnd)
Ike eletriki = 1,980,000 Joules = 1,980 kiloJoules
2. A na-eji ígwè 220 V – 60 W eme ihe maka nkeji anọ. Ike ole ka ọ chọrọ.
A maara:
Ike (P) = Watts 60 = Joules 60/sekọnd
Voltaji (V) = Voltaji iri na abụọ
Oge (t) = nkeji iri atọ = sekọnd iri atọ x iri isii = sekọnd iri asatọ na asatọ
Achọrọ: Ike ọkụ eletrik
Ngwọta:
220 Volt – 60 Watt pụtara na ihe mgbada eletrik na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma ma ọ bụrụ na ọdịiche ma ọ bụ voltaji nwere ike ịbụ 220 volts ma nwee ike nke 60 Watt = 60 Joules/sekọnd, nke pụtara na ihe mgbada eletrik na-eji ike nke 60 Joules kwa sekọnd.
Ike eletriki = ike eletriki x oge etiti = (Joules 60/sekọnd) (sekọnd 240) = Joules 14,400.
3. Ike ígwè ahụ ji mee ihe ruo otu nkeji bụ 33 kJ, na voltaji nke 220 volts. Olee otú ọkụ eletrik dị n'ime ígwè ahụ si buru ibu.
A maara:
Oge etiti oge (t) = nkeji 1 = sekọnd 60
Ike (W) = 33 kiloJoules = 33,000 Joules
Voltaji (V) = Voltaji iri na abụọ
Achọrọ: Ọkụ eletrik (I)
Ngwọta:
Ike eletriki bụ ike eletriki eji eme ihe n'oge ụfọdụ.
P = W / t = Joules 33,000 / sekọnd 60
P = Watt 550
Ọkụ eletrik:
I = P / V = 550 / 220 = 2.5 Amperes
4. Mmadụ na-ekiri TV awa isii kwa ụbọchị. A na-ejikọ TV ahụ na voltaji 220 Volt ka ọkụ eletrik wee na-agafe na TV ahụ bụ 0.5 Amperes. Ọ bụrụ na ụlọ ọrụ eletrik na-ana $0.092 kwa kWh, mgbe ahụ ọnụ ahịa iji ike eletrik maka TV maka otu ọnwa (ụbọchị 30) bụ…
A maara:
Oge etiti = awa isii x 30 = awa 180
Voltaji (V) = Voltaji iri na abụọ
Ọkụ eletrik (I) = 0.5 Ampere
Achọrọ: Ọnụ ego kwa ọnwa
Ngwọta:
Ike nke TV:
P = VI = (220 volt) (0.5 ampere) = 110 volt ampere = 110 watt
Ike eletriki = ike eletriki x oge nkeji oge
Ike eletriki nke TV = 110 Watt x 180 awa = 19800 Watt awa = 19.8 kilo Watt awa = 19.8 kilo Watt awa = 19.8 kWh
Ọnụ ego iji ike eletrik maka TV maka otu ọnwa:
19.8 kWh x $0.092/kWh = $1.8216
5. N'ụlọ, e nwere oriọna anọ 20 Watt, oriọna abụọ 10 Watt, oriọna atọ 40 Watt, a na-eji ha awa ise kwa ụbọchị. Ọ bụrụ na ụgwọ ụlọ ọrụ eletrik bụ 0.092 kwa kWh, mgbe ahụ ọnụ ahịa iji ike eletrik maka otu ọnwa (ụbọchị 30) bụ ....
A maara:
Oriọna anọ 20 Watts = 4 x 20 Watts = 80 Watts
Oriọna anọ 10 Watts = 2 x 10 Watts = 20 Watts
Oriọna anọ 40 Watts = 3 x 40 Watts = 120 Watts
Ike zuru oke (W) = Watt 80 + Watt 20 + Watt 120 = Watt 220
Oge etiti oge (t) = awa 5 x 30 = awa 150
Achọtara: Ọnụ ego iji ike eletrik maka otu ọnwa (ụbọchị iri atọ)
Ngwọta:
Ike eletriki = ike eletriki x oge nkeji = Watt 220 x awa 150 = awa 33,000 Watt awa = kilo Watt awa 33 = kilo Watt awa 33 = 33 kWh
Ọnụ ego iji ike eletrik maka otu ọnwa (ụbọchị iri atọ)
(33 kWh)(0.092/kWh) = $3.036
6. Sekit nwere nguzogide nke \(5\Omega\) na ọkụ eletrik nke \(2A\). Chọta ike eletrik.
Ngwọta: \( P = IV = 2A \ugboro 5 \Omega = 10W \)
7. A na-ejikọ batrị \(10V\) na resistor \(2\Omega\). Gbakọọ oge ọkụ.
Ngwọta: \( I = \frac{V}{R} = \frac{10V}{2\Omega} = 5A \)
8. Bọlbụ ọkụ nke a tụrụ na \(60W\) na-arụ ọrụ na ọkọnọ \(120V\). Chọta ihe mgbochi ahụ.
Ngwọta: \( R = \frac{V^2}{P} = \frac{120^2}{60} = 240\Omega \)
9. Gbakọọ ike nke bọlbụ \(100W\) riri n'ime awa 2.
Ngwọta: \( E = Pt = 100W \ugboro 2h = 200Wh = 0.2kWh \)
10. A na-agba chajị capacitor nke dị n'ime 50V. Chọta ike echekwara.
Ngwọta: \( E = \frac{1}{2} CV^2 = \frac{1}{2} \ugboro 20 \ugboro 10^{-6}F \ugboro 50^2 = 25mJ \)
11. Chọpụta ọkụ eletrik dị na inductor nke dị n'ime inductor (10mH) mgbe ọnụego mgbanwe nke ọkụ eletrik bụ (5A/s).
Ngwọta: \( V = L\frac{di}{dt} = 10 \u003 10^{-3}H \u003 5A/s = 50mV \)
12. Chọta mfu ike n'ime eriri nnyefe nwere nguzogide nke \(8\Omega\) na ugbu a nke \(3A\).
Ngwọta: \( P = I^2R = 3^2 \ugboro 8\Omega = 72W \)
13. Transformer nwere voltaji mbụ nke \(120V\) na voltaji nke abụọ nke \(240V\). Ọ bụrụ na voltaji mbụ bụ \(2A\), chọta voltaji nke abụọ.
Ngwọta: Ọkụ nke abụọ = \( \frac{{\text{{{Voltaji mbụ}}}}{{\text{{Voltaji nke abụọ}}}} \times \text{{Ọkụ isi mbụ}} = \frac{{120V}}{{240V}} \times 2A = 1A \)
14. Gbakọọ mmeghachi omume nke inductor nke \(50Hz\), \(0.2H\).
Ngwọta: \(
15. Chọta ike zuru oke nke capacitors atọ ejikọrọ na usoro.
Ngwọta: \( \frac{1}{{C_{\text{{total}}}} = \frac{1}{{C_1}} + \frac{1}{{C_2}} + \frac{1}{{C_3}} = \frac{1}{10} + \frac{1}{10} + \frac{1}{10} = \frac{3}{10}, C_{\text{{total}}} = \frac{10}{3} \mu F \approx 3.33\mu F \)
16. A na-ana \(0.1F\) supercapacitor na \(5V\). Chọta ike echekwara.
Ngwọta: \( E = \frac{1}{2} CV^2 = \frac{1}{2} \oge 0.1 \oge 5^2 = 1.25J \)
17. Gbakọọ ike nke sekit nwere ike dị adị nke \(60W\) na ike doro anya nke \(75VA\).
Ngwọta: Ike ihe = \( \frac{{\text{{Ezigbo Ike}}}}{{\text{{Ike apụta ìhè}}}} = \frac{{60W}}{{75VA}} \approx 0.8 \)
18. Chọta nguzogide nhata nke nguzogide abụọ \(4\Omega\) n'otu oge.
Ngwọta: \( \frac{1}{{R_{\text{{eq}}}} = \frac{1}{{R_1}} + \frac{1}{{R_2}} = \frac{1}{4} + \frac{1}{4} = \frac{1}{2}, R_{\text{{eq}}} = 2\Omega \)
19. Chọpụta ihe mgbochi nke sekit nwere nguzogide nke \(5\Omega\) na mmeghachi omume nke \(12\Omega\).
Ngwọta: \( Z = \sqrt{R^2 + X^2} = \sqrt{5^2 + 12^2} \ihe dị ka 13.34\Omega \)
15. Gbakọọ uru RMS nke voltaji sinusoidal site na uru kachasị elu nke \(120V\).
Ngwọta: \( V_{\text{{RMS}}} = \frac{{V_{\text{{peak}}}}}{\sqrt{2}} \ihe dị ka 84.85V \)
16. Chọta ike gbawara agbawa n'ime ihe mgbochi \(5\Omega\) nke nwere ọkụ eletrik nke \(4A\).
Ngwọta: \( P = I^2R = 4^2 \ugboro 5\Omega = 80W \)
17. Gbakọọ ugboro ole inductor nke \(25mH\) nwere mmeghachi omume nke \(50\Omega\).
Ngwọta: \( f = \frac{{X_L}}{{2\pi L}} = \frac{50}{{2\pi \oge 25 \oge 10^{-3}}} \ihe dị ka 31.83Hz \)
18. Chọpụta ọkụ eletrik dị na resistor \(20\Omega\) site na iji ọkọnọ \(100V\).
Ngwọta: \( I = \frac{V}{R} = \frac{100V}{20\Omega} = 5A \)
19. Chọta mkpokọta inductance nke inductor abụọ (10mH) ejikọtara n'otu oge.
Ngwọta: \( \frac{1}{{L_{\text{{total}}}}} = \frac{1}{{L_1}} + \frac{1}{{L_2}} = \frac{1}{10} + \frac{1}{10} = \frac{1}{5}, L_{\text{{total}}} = 5mH \)
20. Gbakọọ ike e ji ígwè (1500W) e ji mee ihe ruo awa 0.5.
Ngwọta: \( E = Pt = 1500W \ugboro 0.5h = 750Wh = 0.75kWh \)
