Nkuzi Fizik Isi

1. Oge nke inertia nke ihe ahụ

Nyochaa ihe na-agbagharị agbagharị. A na-enye ihe na-agbagharị agbagharị nke nwere oke m ike F ka ihe na-agbagharị agbagharị gburugburu axis O. Ihe na-agbagharị agbagharị bụ r ma e wezụga axis nke ntụgharị. Nke mbụ, ihe na-agbagharị agbagharị ahụ na-ezu ike (v = 0). Mgbe ike nke F gasịrị, ihe na-agbagharị agbagharị na-agagharị n'ọsọ ụfọdụ ka ihe na-agbagharị agbagharị. Mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ike (F), oke (m), na oke ọsọ nke ihe na-agbagharị agbagharị na-egosipụta site na nha anya 3:

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Nkọwa nke ọkụ eletrik

N'ime ihe na-eduzi ihe dịka ọla kọpa, e nwere elektrọn ndị na-agagharị n'enweghị usoro na ọsọ dị elu mana ha anaghị agbanahụ ígwè ahụ. A na-akpọ elektrọn ndị nwere ike ịkwaga n'enweghị nsogbu elektrọn efu. Ọ bụ ezie na elektrọn ndị ahụ na-agagharị n'enweghị nsogbu n'akụkụ niile, ọ dịghịkwa eruba elektrọn zuru oke n'otu ntụziaka. Ọnọdụ a na-eme mgbe enweghị ihe dị iche n'etiti nsọtụ abụọ nke waya ọla kọpa ahụ.

Mgbe e jikọtara waya ahụ na isi iyi eletriki, ọdịiche nwere ike ịpụta n'etiti nsọtụ abụọ nke waya ọla kọpa ahụ, nke mere na ubi eletriki pụtara n'ime waya ọla kọpa ahụ. Ịdị nke ubi eletriki na-eme ka elektrọn efu nweta ike eletrik F = q E = e E, ebe F = ike eletrik, e = chajị elektrọn, E = ubi eletrikIke eletriki a na-eme ka elektrọn niile na-agagharị n'enweghị nsogbu na-agba ọsọ ọnụ, nke bụ otu ụzọ ahụ ike eletrik ahụ si aga.

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Isiokwu gbasara nkọwa nke capacitor

Nkọwa nke ikike bụ ngwaọrụ nke na-echekwa chaja eletriki na ike eletrik. Ihe dị mfe nke capacitor nwere efere ma ọ bụ mpempe akwụkwọ nwere ihe abụọ na-eduzi ya nke dị nso mana ha anaghị emetụ ibe ha aka ma ihe mkpuchi ma ọ bụ ihe na-ekpo ọkụ kewapụrụ ha. Ihe ndị na-eduzi ya bụ ihe ndị nwere ike iduzi ọkụ eletrik dịka ọla, ebe ihe mkpuchi bụ ihe ndị na-enweghị ike iduzi ọkụ eletrik dịka plastik.

Na mbụ, ndị na-eduzi abụọ ahụ anaghị enweta chajị eletriki ma ọ bụ na-anọpụ iche na eletrik. Iji mee ka otu onye na-eduzi otu chajị dị mma, onye na-eduzi nke ọzọ enwee chajị na-adịghị mma, mgbe ahụ, a ga-ebufe elektrọn site n'otu onye na-eduzi gaa na nke ọzọ. Elektrọn ndị ahụ dị n'elu atọm, ya mere ha dị mfe ịkwaga. Mgbe elektrọn ahụ si n'otu onye na-eduzi gaa na nke ọzọ, otu n'ime ndị na-eduzi nwere oke nke elektrọnik (enweghị protons)

ka o wee bụrụ nke na-adịghị mma, ebe onye na-eduzi nke ọzọ nwere ụkọ elektrọn (proton karịrị akarị) nke mere na ọ na-enweta chajị dị mma. A na-enyocha nkọwa zuru ezu nke usoro ịchaji chajị eletrik na capacitors n'isiokwu nke ịchekwa ike eletrik na capacitors.

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Nkọwa nke ike eletrik

A na-akọwa ike eletrik dịka ikike eletrik ike ike eletrik kwa chajị otu. Were ya na mgbe ọ dị na ebe a, chajị q nwere ike eletrik hà nhata EP_a, mgbe ahụ, a na-ahazi ike eletrik na ebe a dị ka ndị a:

V = ike eletrik, EP = ike eletrik, q = ụgwọ ọkụ eletrik

V abụghị naanị na isi ihe a kamakwa na isi ihe niile ubi eletriki. A na-eji isi ihe a eme ihe atụ. Dịka a ga-akọwa ma emechaa, V anaghị adabere na chajị q.

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Article about the Electric potential energy

Before studying this topic, first understand work, the conservative forces, the relationship between the conservative forces with nwere ike, na electric forces na ọkụ eletrik.

Electric force is the conservative forces

In addition to the gravitational force and spring force, the other example of the conservative force is the electric force. To better understand why the electric force is called the conservative force, understand the following explanation.

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Isiokwu gbasara Ịchọpụta ebe eletriki site na iji iwu Gauss

Eletriki site na otu isi chajị

Iji gbakọọ ubi eletriki nke otu chajị dị mma mepụtara, nzọụkwụ mbụ bụ ịhọrọ elu Gauss gbara okirikiri nwere radius r ebe etiti nke sphere dị na chajị otu. Mpaghara elu nke bọọlụ ahụ bụ 4πr².

Ọdụ eletriki nke si n'etiti okirikiri ahụ pụta na-abanye n'akụkụ elu nke okirikiri ahụ ka usoro nke ọkụ eletrik wee bụrụ Φ = E A. Usoro nke iwu Gauss bụ Φ = Q/ε_o

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Isiokwu gbasara iwu Gauss

Banyere Iwu Coulomb, a mụọla ike dị n'etiti chajị eletriki. Na nyocha nke ubi eletriki, a tụlere ụdị iwu Coulomb ọzọ, nke e gosipụtara site na nha F = q E,

ebe F bụ ike eletriki, q bụ chajị eletriki na E bụ ubi eletriki. Enwere ike ikwu na iwu Coulomb bụ iwu nke fiziki nke na-akọwa mmekọrịta dị n'etiti chajị eletriki (q) na ubi eletriki (E).

Iwu Gauss bụ iwu physics ọzọ nke na-akọwa mmekọrịta dị n'etiti chajị eletriki na ubi eletriki. E guzobere iwu Gauss site na Carl Friedrich Gauss (1777-1855), onye German bụ ọkà mmụta fiziki na mgbakọ na mwepụ.

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Definition of the electric flux

Regarding the electric field, has been discussed the definition and equation of the ubi eletrik which can be used to calculate the electric field strength produced by an electric charge, some electric charge or by an electric charge distribution. The calculation of the electric field strength produced by an electric charge or two electric charges is easily solved using the formula of electric field strength. If what is calculated is the electric field strength generated by an electric charge distribution, the calculation is more complicated if the formula for electric field strength is used, but it is easier to use Iwu Gauss. Before studying Gauss law in depth, first understood that electric flux because of the concept of electric flux used in Gauss law.

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Isiokwu gbasara ubi eletriki

N'okwu gbasara chajị ọkụ eletrik, a chọpụtara na dịka chajị na-achụpụ ibe ha, ebe n'adịghị ka chajị na-adọta ibe ha. Ọ bụrụ na e mee ka ihe chajị dị mma bịaruo ihe chajị dị mma nso, ihe abụọ ahụ na-adakọ ọnụ ka ha wee gaa n'ihu ibe ha. N'aka nke ọzọ, ọ bụrụ na e mee ka ihe chajị dị mma bịaruo ihe chajị dị mma nso, mgbe ahụ ihe abụọ ahụ na-achụpụ ibe ha ka ha wee pụọ n'ebe ibe ha nọ. Dịka a mụrụ na isiokwu iwu Coulomb, ihe chajị ọkụ eletrik nwere ike ime ka ihe ndị ọzọ chajị ọkụ eletrik dị ngwa ngwa n'ihi na enwere ike eletrik na-arụ ọrụ n'etiti ihe ndị a chajị ọkụ eletrik. Ike ọkụ eletrik nke ihe chajị ọkụ eletrik na-arụ ọrụ na ihe ndị ọzọ chajị ọkụ eletrik bụ otu ihe atụ nke ike nke nwere ike ime ihe na-enweghị kọntaktị. Ihe atụ ọzọ nke ike nke nwere ike ime ihe na anya bụ ike ndọdaIke ndọda na-esite n'ihe dị oke ibu n'elu ihe ndị ọzọ dị oke ibu.

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