Ọ bụ naanị ihe siri ike ka a na-ahụ mmụba nke nha nha; ihe niile, ma ihe siri ike, mmiri mmiri, na gas, na-enweta mmụba nke nha ...
Nkọwa: V o = Olu mbụ, V = Olu ikpeazụ, ΔV = V – V o = Mgbanwe olu, T o = Okpomọkụ mbụ, T = Okpomọkụ ikpeazụ, ΔT = T – T o = Mgbanwe okpomọkụ, β = ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye olu. Nkeji nke β = (C o ) -1
[irp]
Usoro mgbasa olu dị n'elu na-emetụta naanị mgbe mgbanwe dị na olu ihe ndị ahụ (ma siri ike, mmiri mmiri, na gas) pere mpe karịa olu mbụ nke ihe ahụ. Ọ bụrụ na mgbanwe na olu ihe karịrị olu mbụ nke ihe ahụ, usoro mgbasa olu anaghị enye nsonaazụ ziri ezi. Ọtụtụ mgbe, mgbanwe na olu nke ihe siri ike na-enweta anaghị oke ibu. N'aka nke ọzọ, usoro mgbasa olu nke mmiri mmiri na gas buru ibu. Usoro mgbasa olu maka ihe gas dịkwa mfe ịgbanwe ma ọ bụrụ na okpomọkụ agbanwee. Ya mere, usoro dị n'elu na-eji naanị maka mgbasa nke ihe siri ike.
[irp]
1. N'okpomọkụ 30 o C, olu nke okirikiri aluminom bụ 30 cm 3. Ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye ahịrị bụ 24 x 10 -6 o C -1 . Ọ bụrụ na olu ikpeazụ bụ 30.5 cm 3 , kedu okpomọkụ ikpeazụ nke okirikiri aluminom?
A maara:
Ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye ahịrị ( α ) = 24 x 10 -6 o C -1
Ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye olu ( β ) = 3 α = 3 x 24 x 10 -6 o C -1 = 72 x 10 -6 o C -1
Okpomọkụ mbụ ( T 1 ) = 30 oC
Olu mbụ (V 1 ) = 30 cm 3
Olu ikpeazụ (V 2 ) = 30.5 cm 3
Mgbanwe olu ( Δ V) = 30.5 cm 3 – 30 cm 3 = 0.5 cm 3
Achọrọ: Okpomọkụ ikpeazụ ( T2 )
Ngwọta:
Δ V = β (V1 ) ( ΔT )
Δ V = β (V1 ) ( T2 – T1 )
0.5 cm3 = (72 x 10-6 oC-1)Ogologo (30 cm)3)(T2 - 30oC)
0.5 = (2160 x 10 -6 ) (T 2 – 30 )
0.5 = (2.160 x 10 -3 ) (T 2 – 30 )
0.5 = (2.160 x 10 -3 ) (T 2 – 30 )
0.5 / (2.160 x 10 -3 ) = T 2 – 30
0.23 x 10 3 = T 2 – 30
0.23 x 1000 = T 2 – 30
230 = T 2 – 30
230 + 30 = T 2
T 2 = 260 o C
[irp]
2. Ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye linear nke okirikiri ígwè bụ 9 x 10 -6 o C -1 . Dayameta dị n'ime nke okirikiri ígwè ahụ na 20 o C bụ 2.2 cm. Ọ bụrụ na dayameta ikpeazụ bụ 2.8 cm, kedu ka okpomọkụ ikpeazụ ga-adị!
A maara:
Ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye ahịrị ( α ) = 9 x 10 -6 o C -1
Ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye olu ( β) = 3 α = 3 x 9 x 10 -6 o C -1 = 27 x 10 -6 o C -1
Okpomọkụ mbụ ( T 1 ) = 20 oC
Dayameta mbụ (D 1 ) = 2.2 cm
Dayameta ikpeazụ (D 2 ) = 2.8 cm
Mgbada mbụ (r 1 ) = D 1 / 2 = 2.2 cm 3 / 2 = 1.1 cm 3
Oke okirikiri ikpeazụ (r 2 ) = D 2 / 2 = 2.8 cm 3 / 2 = 1.4 cm 3
Mpịakọta mbụ (V 1 ) = 4/3 π r 1 3 = (4/3)(3.14)(1.1 cm) 3 = (4/3)(3.14)(1.331 cm 3 ) = 5.57 cm 3
Olu ikpeazụ (V 2 ) = 4/3 π r 2 3 = (4/3)(3.14)(1.4 cm) 3 = (4/3)(3.14)(2.744 cm 3 ) = 11.48 cm 3
Mgbanwe olu ( Δ V) = 11.48 cm 3 – 5.57 cm 3 = 5.91 cm 3
Achọrọ: Okpomọkụ ikpeazụ ( T2 )
Ngwọta:
Δ V = β (V1 ) ( ΔT )
5.91 cm3 = (27 x 10-6 oC-1)(5.57 cm3)(T2 - 20oC)
5.91 = (150.39 x 10 -6 ) (T 2 – 20)
5.91 / 150.39 x 10 -6 = T 2 – 20
0.039 x 10 6 = T 2 – 20
39 x 10 3 = T 2 – 20
39,000 = T 2 – 20
39,000 + 20 = T 2
T 2 = 39,020 o C
3. A 2000-cm3 aluminom akpa, juputara na mmiri na 0oC. Wee kpoo ọkụ ruo 90oC. Ọ bụrụ na ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye linear maka aluminom bụ 24 x 10-6 (oC)-1 na ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye olu maka mmiri bụ 6.3 x 10-4 (oC)-1, chọpụta oke mmiri a wụfuru.
A maara:
Olu mbụ nke akpa aluminom na mmiri (Vo ) = 2000 cm 3 = 2 x 10 3 cm 3
Okpomọkụ mbụ nke akpa aluminom na mmiri (T 1 ) = 0 oC
Okpomọkụ ikpeazụ nke akpa aluminom na mmiri (T2 ) = 90 oC
Ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye ahịrị maka aluminom (α) = 24 x 10 -6 ( oC ) -1
Ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye olu maka aluminom (γ) = 3α = 3 (24 x 10 -6 ( oC ) -1 ) = 72 x 10 -6 o C -1
Ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye olu maka mmiri (γ) = 6.3 x 10 -4 ( oC ) -1
Achọtara: Oke mmiri a wụfuru
Ngwọta:
Usoro nke mgbasawanye olu:
V = V o + γ V o ΔT
V – V o = γ V o ΔT
ΔV = γ V o ΔT
V = olu ikpeazụ, V o = olu mbụ, ΔV = mgbanwe olu, γ = ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye olu, ΔT = mgbanwe okpomọkụ
Gbakọọ mgbanwe dị na olu nke akpa aluminom:
ΔV = γ V o ΔT = (72 x 10 -6 )(2 x 10 3 )(90) = 12960 x 10 -3 = 12.960 cm 3
Gbakọọ mgbanwe dị na olu mmiri ahụ:
ΔV = γ V o ΔT = (6. 3 x 10 -4 )(2 x 10 3 )(90) = 1134 x 10 -1 = 113.4 cm 3
Mgbanwe dị na olu mmiri ahụ karịrị nke aluminom nke mere na ụfọdụ mmiri gbapụrụ.
Gbakọọ olu mmiri a wụfuru:
113.4 cm 3 – 12.960 cm 3 = 100.44 cm 3
[wpdm_package id='702′]
- Ịgbanwe nha okpomọkụ
- Mgbasawanye ahịrị
- Mgbasawanye mpaghara
- Mgbasawanye olu
- okpomọkụ
- Ihe nhata igwe nke okpomọkụ
- Ike okpomọkụ na okpomọkụ kpọmkwem
- Okpomọkụ zoro ezo, okpomọkụ nke njikọta, okpomọkụ nke vaporization
- Nchekwa ike maka nnyefe okpomọkụ
