Ihe Nlereanya nke Ajụjụ Mkparịta ụka Resistor
Resistors bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị bụ isi dị na sekit eletriki na eletrọniki. Ọrụ ha bụ isi bụ ịhazi usoro ọkụ eletrik na ijikwa voltaji dị n'ime sekit. Isiokwu a ga-enye ihe atụ na mkparịta ụka gbasara resistors iji nyere gị aka ịghọta echiche ndị bụ isi na ojiji bara uru nke ihe ndị a n'ọnọdụ sekit dị iche iche.
Pendahuluan
Resistors nwere uru iguzogide nke a tụrụ na ohms (Ω). Enwere ike ịgụ iguzogide a site na iji koodu agba dị na ahụ resistor. Na mgbakwunye, resistors nwekwara ọkwa ike, nke a na-egosi na watts (W), nke na-egosi oke ike resistor nwere ike ịgbasa n'enweghị mmebi.
E nwere ọtụtụ ụdị sekit dị iche iche a na-ejikarị eme ihe n'ụwa eletrọniki, gụnyere sekit usoro na sekit parallel. Ịghọta otu esi agbakọ nguzogide zuru oke na sekit dị iche iche dị mkpa maka ndị na-arụ ọrụ na eletrọniki.
Ajụjụ na Mkparịta ụka Ihe Nlereanya
Ajụjụ Ihe Nlereanya nke 1: Usoro Sekọndrị
Ajụjụ: E nwere resistors atọ nwere ụkpụrụ nke 100 Ω, 200 Ω, na 300 Ω ejikọtara na usoro. Kedu ihe bụ nguzogide zuru oke nke sekit ahụ?
Azịza:
Na sekit usoro, nguzogide zuru oke (R_total) bụ ngụkọta nke nguzogide nke ọ bụla.
"'ederede doro anya
Ngụkọta R = R1 + R2 + R3
““
Dochie ụkpụrụ resistor n'ime nha nhata:
"'ederede doro anya
R_mkpokọta = 100 Ω + 200 Ω + 300 Ω
= 600 Ω
““
Ya mere, nguzogide zuru oke nke sekit ahụ bụ 600 Ω.
Ajụjụ Ihe Nlereanya nke 2: Sekit Parallel
Ajụjụ: E nwere resistors atọ nwere ụkpụrụ nke 100 Ω, 200 Ω, na 300 Ω ejikọtara na parallel. Kedu ihe bụ nguzogide zuru oke nke sekit ahụ?
Azịza:
N'ime sekit parallel, mgbanwe nke nguzogide zuru oke (1/R_total) bụ ngụkọta nke nguzogide niile nke nguzogide nke ọ bụla.
"'ederede doro anya
1/R_mkpokọta = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3
““
Dochie ụkpụrụ resistor n'ime nha nhata:
"'ederede doro anya
1/R_mkpokọta = 1/100 Ω + 1/200 Ω + 1/300 Ω
1/Ngụkọta R = 0.01 + 0.005 + 0.00333
1/Ngụkọta R = 0.01833
““
Iji nweta nguzogide zuru oke, were mgbanwe nke mkpokọta ahụ:
"'ederede doro anya
R_mkpokọta = 1 / 0.01833 ≈ 54.55 Ω
““
Ya mere, nguzogide zuru oke nke sekit ahụ dị ihe dịka 54.55 Ω.
Ihe atụ Nsogbu nke 3: Sekit Ngwakọta
Ajụjụ: E nwere resistors atọ R1 = 150 Ω, R2 = 100 Ω, na R3 = 50 Ω. A na-ejikọ resistors R1 na R2 n'usoro, wee jikọọ ha na resistor R3 n'otu oge. Kedu ihe bụ resistors zuru oke nke sekit ahụ?
Azịza:
Nke mbụ, gbakọọ nguzogide nke R1 na R2 ejikọtara na usoro:
"'ederede doro anya
R_serie = R1 + R2 = 150 Ω + 100 Ω = 250 Ω
““
Mgbe ahụ, jikọọ nsonaazụ ahụ n'otu oge na R3:
"'ederede doro anya
1/R_mkpokọta = 1/usoro R + 1/R3
1/R_ngụkọta = 1/250 Ω + 1/50 Ω
1/Ngụkọta R = 0.004 + 0.02
1/Ngụkọta R = 0.024
““
Were mgbanwe nke ego ahụ iji nweta nguzogide zuru oke:
"'ederede doro anya
R_mkpokọta = 1 / 0.024 ≈ 41.67 Ω
““
Ya mere, nguzogide zuru oke nke sekit ahụ dị ihe dịka 41.67 Ω.
Ajụjụ Ihe Nlereanya nke 4: Mmetụta nke Voltaji na Ọkụ
Ajụjụ: Resistor nwere uru nke 120 Ω jikọtara ya na isi iyi voltaji 12 V. Ego ole ka ọkụ na-agafe na resistor ahụ?
Azịza:
Jiri iwu Ohm chọta ọkụ (I) na-agafe na resistor. Iwu Ohm kwuru na:
"'ederede doro anya
V = IR
““
Ebe V bụ voltaji, I bụ ugbu a, R bụkwa iguzogide. Iji chọta ugbu a, enwere ike ịgbanwe usoro ahụ ka ọ bụrụ:
"'ederede doro anya
M = V / R
““
Dochie ụkpụrụ ndị a maara:
"'ederede doro anya
I = 12 V / 120 Ω
= 0.1 A
““
Ya mere, ugbu a na-agafe na resistor bụ 0.1 A ma ọ bụ 100 mA.
Ajụjụ Ihe Nlereanya nke 5: Mfu Ike n'ime Resistor
Ajụjụ: A na-agafe resistor 50 Ω site na ọkụ eletrik nke 2 A. Ike ole ka a na-efu na resistor ahụ?
Azịza:
Enwere ike ịgbakọ ike furu efu na resistor site na iji usoro:
"'ederede doro anya
P = I^2 R
““
Ebe P bụ ike, I bụ ugbu a, R bụkwa iguzogide. Tinye ụkpụrụ ndị a maara:
"'ederede doro anya
P = (2 A)^2 50 Ω
= 4 iri ise
= 200W
““
Ya mere, ike furu efu na resistor bụ 200 W.
Ihe atụ Nsogbu nke 6: Nchikota sekit
Ajụjụ: N'ime sekit, e nwere resistors anọ nwere ụkpụrụ nke R1 = 100 Ω, R2 = 50 Ω, R3 = 300 Ω, na R4 = 200 Ω. A na-ejikọ R1 na R2 n'usoro, wee jikọọ nsonaazụ ahụ na R3 n'otu oge. Na-esote, a na-ejikọ nsonaazụ nke njikọta gara aga na usoro na R4. Kedu ihe bụ nguzogide zuru oke nke sekit ahụ?
Azịza:
Nke mbụ, gbakọọ nguzogide nke R1 na R2 ejikọtara na usoro:
"'ederede doro anya
R_12 = R1 + R2 = 100 Ω + 50 Ω = 150 Ω
““
Mgbe ahụ, jikọọ nsonaazụ ahụ n'otu oge na R3:
"'ederede doro anya
1/R_123 = 1/R_12 + 1/R3
1/R_123 = 1/150 Ω + 1/300 Ω
1/R_123 = 0.00667 + 0.00333
1/R_123 = 0.01
““
Were mgbanwe nke ego a iji nweta nguzogide R_123:
"'ederede doro anya
R_123 = 1 / 0.01 = 100 Ω
““
Na-esote, jikọọ nsonaazụ ahụ na usoro na R4:
"'ederede doro anya
Ngụkọta R_mkpokọta = R_123 + R4
= 100 Ω + 200 Ω
= 300 Ω
““
Ya mere, nguzogide zuru oke nke sekit ahụ bụ 300 Ω.
Penutup
Ịghọta otu esi agbakọ nguzogide zuru oke na sekit resistor dị oke mkpa na eletrọniki. Ịmụta usoro ndị a ga-enye gị ohere ịmepụta ma nyochaa ọtụtụ sekit dị iche iche nke ọma. Isiokwu a na-enye ọtụtụ ihe atụ nke nsogbu na ngwọta ha iji nyere gị aka ịghọta echiche ndị bụ isi na ojiji bara uru nke resistor.
Olileanya bụ na site n'ịrụsi ọrụ ike n'ịza ajụjụ ndị a, nghọta gị banyere echiche nke resistors ga-aka mma. Echela oge iche ihu ajụjụ ndị siri ike karị iji nọgide na-eme ka nkà nyocha gị dịkwuo mma n'ọhịa nke eletrọnịkị.
