Yuav Xaiv Ib Lub Cuab Yeej Li Cas Rau Kev Luam Tawm Cov Duab Muaj Kev daws teeb meem siab
Kev luam cov duab siab daws teeb meem tsis yog tsuas yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm "kev tau txais cov ntaub ntawv zoo thiab luam ntawv." Cov txiaj ntsig ntse, cov xim raug, thiab cov ntsiab lus zoo meej yog cuam tshuam los ntawm cov khoom siv koj xaiv, los ntawm lub tshuab luam ntawv thiab hom kua mem mus rau daim ntawv thiab cov khoom siv txhawb nqa xws li kev ntsuas lub monitor. Tsab xov xwm no tham txog yuav ua li cas xaiv cov khoom siv zoo rau kev luam duab siab daws teeb meem kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo li kev tshaj lij, txawm tias rau kev thaij duab, kev kos duab, kev tsim duab, lossis kev kos duab.
1. To taub koj cov kev xav tau luam ntawv ua ntej
Ua ntej yuav los yog siv ib yam cuab yeej tshwj xeeb, piav qhia meej txog koj cov kev xav tau luam ntawv. Qee cov lus nug uas yuav tsum teb:
– Loj ntawm daim ntawv luam tawm: Koj puas yuav luam tawm 10R, A4, A3, A2, lossis daim ntawv loj?
– Lub hom phiaj luam tawm: Rau kev tso saib phab ntsa, cov ntaub ntawv sau txog tus kheej, kev muag duab, cov ntawv teev khoom, lossis tsuas yog cov ntaub ntawv sau cia xwb?
– Cov ntaub ntawv luam tawm: Daim ntawv duab ci ntsa iab, daim ntawv matte, daim ntawv kos duab zoo nkauj, daim ntaub canvas, lossis daim ntawv tiaj tus?
– Luam tawm kom ntau npaum li cas: Koj puas luam tawm ntau ntau zaus (ntau lawm) lossis qee zaum?
Cov kev cai no txiav txim siab seb hom tshuab luam ntawv, hom kua mem, thiab cov yam ntxwv uas yuav tsum muaj. Piv txwv li, kev luam duab rau kev nthuav qhia yuav xav tau cov khoom siv sib txawv ntawm kev luam duab rau kev thov ua haujlwm hauv chaw ua haujlwm.
2. Ua tib zoo saib qhov kev daws teeb meem thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov zis ntawm lub tshuab luam ntawv.
Muaj ntau tus neeg tsom mus rau tus lej DPI (dots per inch). Txawm hais tias nws tseem ceeb, nws tsis yog tib qho cim qhia xwb. Cov tshuab luam duab feem ntau muab cov kev daws teeb meem siab xws li 4800 × 1200 dpi lossis siab dua, tab sis qhov zoo kawg kuj raug cuam tshuam los ntawm cov txheej txheem tso cov dot, qhov zoo ntawm lub taub hau luam ntawv, thiab cov xim / kua siv.
Yog xav luam cov duab uas muaj kev daws teeb meem siab, xaiv lub tshuab luam ntawv uas:
- Tsim tshwj xeeb rau kev luam duab lossis kos duab zoo nkauj
- Muaj kev tswj hwm zoo ntawm cov ntsiab lus gradation thiab qhov ntse
- Txhawb hom zoo (duab zoo tshaj plaws / zoo)
Txawm li cas los xij, nco ntsoov tias cov ntaub ntawv siab daws teeb meem kuj yuav tsum txaus. Rau cov ntawv luam tawm ntse, qhov ntsuas dav dav yog 300 PPI ntawm qhov loj me luam tawm kawg. Piv txwv li, cov ntawv luam tawm A4 (8,27 × 11,69 nti) xav tau qhov loj me ntawm daim duab li ntawm 2480 × 3508 pixels.
3. Xaiv hom tshuab luam ntawv: Duab inkjet piv rau laser
Rau kev luam duab siab, cov tshuab luam ntawv inkjet (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov duab inkjet) feem ntau yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws. Cov laj thawj tseem ceeb yog:
- Muaj peev xwm tsim cov xim gradients du dua
- Cov ntsiab lus ntawm daim duab ntse dua
- Kev txhawb nqa duab dav dua thiab cov ntawv kos duab zoo nkauj
Txawm hais tias cov tshuab luam ntawv laser zoo heev rau cov ntawv nyeem thiab cov ntaub ntawv ceev, lawv feem ntau tsis zoo rau cov duab hauv cov xim tob thiab kev hloov pauv gradient, txawm hais tias qee cov qauv siab kawg zoo txaus rau qee qhov kev xav tau.
Yog tias koj lub hom phiaj yog luam duab zoo lossis kos duab zoo, xaiv lub tshuab luam duab inkjet ua ntej.
4. Xyuas seb muaj pes tsawg thiab hom kua mem (lub tshuab kua mem)
Ib qho ntawm cov yam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau qhov zoo ntawm kev luam ntawv yog lub kaw lus number case. Cov tshuab luam duab loj feem ntau siv cov xim number case ntau dua li CMYK yooj yim. Cov number case ntau dua, qhov sib txawv du thiab cov xim raug dua.
Qee yam yuav tsum nco ntsoov:
– CMYK (4 xim): txaus rau kev luam ntawv dav dav, tab sis feem ntau tsis du txaus rau cov duab.
- 6 xim (piv txwv li ntxiv xiav daj thiab magenta daj): zoo dua rau cov duab.
– 8–12 xim (xim grey ntxiv, xim grey dawb, liab/xiav/txiv kab ntxwv, thiab lwm yam): zoo tagnrho rau kev kos duab zoo nkauj thiab kev thaij duab tshaj lij.
Dhau li ntawm qhov ntau, kuj xyuam xim rau hom kua mem:
– Cov kua xim uas siv xim zas: cov xim zoo nkauj dua thiab ntse dua, tsim nyog rau cov duab ci ntsa iab, tab sis kev tiv taus dej/UV tuaj yeem qis dua.
– Cov kua xim uas muaj xim: ruaj khov dua, tsim nyog rau kev kos duab zoo nkauj thiab kev tso saib, feem ntau ruaj khov dua thiab tiv taus kev ploj xim.
Yog tias koj luam ntawv rau kev tso saib lossis muag, cov xim pigment feem ntau yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws.
5. Xyuas kom tseeb tias qhov loj ntawm daim ntawv thiab txoj kev txhawb nqa daim ntawv.
Tsis yog txhua lub tshuab luam ntawv txhawb nqa daim ntawv tuab lossis loj. Yog xav luam ntawv kom pom tseeb, koj yuav xav siv daim ntawv tuab lossis cov ntawv zoo. Yog li ntawd, thov nco ntsoov:
– Qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm daim ntawv: A4, A3, A3+, txog li A2.
- Kev txhawb nqa luam ntawv tsis muaj ciam teb: qhov tseem ceeb rau kev luam ntawv cov duab tsis muaj ciam teb dawb.
- Pub tom qab / pub pem hauv ntej tes: muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov ntawv tuab, ntawv kos duab zoo nkauj, lossis cov ntawv tshwj xeeb.
- Muaj peev xwm luam tawm rau ntawm qee yam xov xwm xws li canvas lossis daim ntawv kos duab nrog cov qauv.
Daim ntawv zoo tshaj plaws feem ntau xav tau txoj kev ncaj dua kom tiv thaiv kev nkhaus lossis kev daig.
6. Xaiv daim ntawv uas haum rau lub hom phiaj thiab tus cwj pwm ntawm daim duab.
Yog daim ntawv muaj cov duab zoo nkauj ces yuav zoo nkauj tshaj plaws. Daim ntawv tsis zoo yuav ua rau cov duab tsis meej, ploj cov duab meej, lossis cov xim tsis sib xws.
Cov hom ntawv feem ntau:
- Glossy: cov xim ntse, qhov sib piv muaj zog, tsim nyog rau cov duab.
– Semi-gloss/Luster: tiv taus cov ntiv tes ntau dua, tseem ntse, yog ib qho nyiam ntawm ntau tus kws thaij duab.
- Matte: qhov tsos mos mos, tsim rau cov duab kos thiab cov qauv tsim minimalist.
- Daim ntawv kos duab zoo nkauj (paj rwb, muaj cov qauv): rau kev kos duab, zoo nkauj, tsim nyog rau cov kua xim.
Ntxiv rau hom ntawv, ua tib zoo saib seb nws hnyav npaum li cas (piv txwv li 200–300 gsm) thiab seb daim ntawv puas siv tau nrog koj lub tshuab luam ntawv.
7. Kev tswj xim: saib xyuas, kev kho kom raug, thiab ICC profile
Feem ntau cov ntawv luam tawm txawv ntawm qhov screen. Qhov ua rau feem ntau yog kev tswj xim tsis zoo. Rau kev luam ntawv siab, qhov tseeb ntawm xim tseem ceeb ib yam li qhov ntse.
Cov cuab yeej uas txhawb nqa kev tswj xim:
- Saib xyuas nrog ntau xim gamut (tsawg kawg sRGB zoo, zoo dua txhawb nqa AdobeRGB / DP3)
- Lub ntsuas calibrator (colorimeter) rau kev tso saib tas li
- ICC profile rau kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm lub tshuab luam ntawv-kua mem-ntawv
Siv daim ntawv uas lub tuam txhab tsim daim ntawv siv daim ntawv ICC profile los yog tsim koj tus kheej yog tias ua tau. Qhov no yuav ua kom cov xim uas tau los ze rau tus qauv tsim thawj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau kev ua haujlwm tshaj lij.
8. Xav txog software luam ntawv thiab cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm
Ib lub tshuab luam ntawv zoo yuav tsum txhawb nqa kev ua haujlwm kom du. Koj tuaj yeem siv cov software xws li Adobe Photoshop / Lightroom, Affinity Photo, lossis cov software uas lub tshuab luam ntawv ua ke los tswj:
- qhov loj thiab scaling
- kev ua kom ntse raws li qhov tso zis
- lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ua (kev pom / kev sib piv xim)
- kev ua kom pom tseeb ua ntej luam ntawv
Kev ua kom tsis muaj zog pab koj "ua qauv" cov ntawv luam tawm ntawm lub monitor raws li ICC profile, yog li koj tuaj yeem kho cov xim lossis qhov ci ua ntej pov tseg ntawv thiab kua mem.
9. Xam cov nqi khiav lag luam: kua mem, kev saib xyuas, thiab kev ruaj khov.
Lub tshuab luam ntawv pheej yig tsis tas yuav pheej yig. Yog xav luam ntawv kom pom tseeb, cov nqi kua mem thiab ntawv yuav yog cov nqi loj. Xav txog:
- tus nqi thiab lub peev xwm ntawm lub cartridge / tank
- kev siv number case thaum lub sijhawm ntxuav / txij nkawm
- muaj cov kua mem thawj thiab kev txhawb nqa
- tsis kam luam tawm (tsis kam ploj)
Yog koj luam tawm ntau zaus, lub tshuab luam ntawv uas muaj lub tshuab ua haujlwm zoo thiab ruaj khov tuaj yeem ua tau txiaj ntsig ntau dua rau lub sijhawm ntev.
10. Cov lus qhia rau kev xaiv cov cuab yeej raws li cov xwm txheej siv
Yuav kom ua tau yooj yim dua, ntawm no yog phau ntawv qhia luv luv raws li koj xav tau:
1. Ua si luam duab hauv tsev (A4/A3 qee zaum)
Xaiv 6-xim duab inkjet, txhawb nqa ciam teb, luster / glossy duab ntawv.
2. Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntawm tus kws thaij duab lossis tus kws kos duab (ib txwm muaj A3+)
Xaiv lub tshuab luam duab nrog 8+ xim pigment inks, kev txhawb nqa daim ntawv zoo nkauj, txoj kev ntawv tuab.
3. Luam cov duab kos rau kev muag khoom
Muab qhov tseem ceeb rau cov kua xim, cov ntawv kos duab zoo nkauj paj rwb, kev tswj xim + ICC profile, thiab xav txog daim ntawv pov thawj archival.
4. Chaw ua haujlwm xav tau tab sis xav kom daim duab tseem ntse
Ib lub inkjet xim zoo yuav ua tau, tab sis xyuas kom daim ntawv haum thiab qhov kev daws teeb meem ntawm cov ntaub ntawv txaus.
Kev kaw
Kev xaiv ib lub cuab yeej rau kev luam duab siab txhais tau tias ua kom tag nrho cov saw hlau tsim khoom - cov ntaub ntawv, lub tshuab luam ntawv, kua mem, ntawv, thiab kev tswj xim - ua haujlwm sib haum xeeb. Lub tshuab luam ntawv siab siab ib leeg tsis txaus yog tias cov kua mem tsis yog lossis daim ntawv tsis txhawb nqa cov ntsiab lus. Los ntawm kev nkag siab txog koj cov kev xav tau, xaiv lub tshuab luam ntawv inkjet duab zoo, sib xyaw cov kua mem thiab ntawv sib xws, thiab siv kev tswj xim kom raug, koj tuaj yeem ua tiav cov ntawv luam tawm ntse, nplua nuj, thiab zoo li kev tshaj lij.
Yog tias koj xav tau, kuv tuaj yeem pab qhia cov lus qhia txog cov khoom siv uas tsim nyog tshaj plaws raws li: qhov loj ntawm daim ntawv luam tawm (A4/A3/A2), cov peev nyiaj, zaus luam ntawv ib hlis, thiab hom duab koj luam tawm (duab, duab kos, thiab cov qauv tsim).
