Kimia

Nov yog tsab xov xwm uas koj tau thov: — Yuav Ua Li Cas Txheeb Xyuas Cov Tshuaj Organic Cov tshuaj organic, feem ntau yog ua los ntawm carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, thiab ntau lwm yam, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv peb lub neej txhua hnub. Lawv pom muaj nyob rau hauv txhua yam los ntawm zaub mov mus rau tshuaj, tshuaj lom neeg kev lag luam mus rau cov tsiaj txhu. Txawm li cas los xij, kev txheeb xyuas cov tshuaj organic feem ntau xav tau… Nyeem ntxiv

Cov Yam Cuam Tshuam Rau Kev Sib Npaug Tshuaj Lom Zem Kev sib npaug tshuaj lom neeg yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv ntau yam tshuaj lom neeg, ob qho tib si hauv chav kuaj thiab hauv lub neej txhua hnub. Qhov kev sib npaug no tau ua tiav thaum tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv pem hauv ntej sib npaug rau tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rov qab, nrog rau qhov concentration ntawm cov tshuaj reactants thiab cov khoom tseem nyob ruaj khov. Txawm hais tias nws zoo li yog ib qho mob zoo li qub, kev sib npaug tshuaj lom neeg yog qhov tseeb yog lub xeev dynamic tas mus li ... Nyeem ntxiv

Cov Txuj Ci Ntsuas Loj: Cov Ntsiab Cai, Cov Ntawv Thov, thiab Kev Txhim Kho Mass spectroscopy, feem ntau hu ua mass spectrometry (MS), yog ib txoj kev ntsuas siv los ntsuas qhov hnyav ntawm cov molecules thiab txiav txim siab cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov qauv. Cov txheej txheem no tau dhau los ua ib qho cuab yeej tseem ceeb hauv ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb, suav nrog chemistry, biology, thiab cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb. Tsab xov xwm no yuav tham txog cov ntsiab cai yooj yim, cov ntawv thov, thiab… Nyeem ntxiv

Cov Tshuaj Uas Muaj Saturated Yog Dab Tsi? Cov tshuaj yog cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke uas muaj ob lossis ntau yam tshuaj. Cov tshuaj uas yaj hu ua cov solute, thiab cov tshuaj uas yaj nws hu ua cov solvent. Ib lub tswv yim tseem ceeb hauv kev daws teeb meem yog cov tshuaj saturated. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tham txog qhov tob txog cov tshuaj saturated, nws tsim li cas, nws cov yam ntxwv, thiab nws cov ntawv thov hauv... Nyeem ntxiv

Nkag Siab Txog Isotopes, Isobars, thiab Isotones Khoom thiab lub zog yog ob lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm physics thiab chemistry. Thaum tham txog khoom, peb tsis tuaj yeem khiav tawm ntawm lub tswv yim tseem ceeb ntawm atoms. Atoms yog cov chav me tshaj plaws ntawm ib qho khoom uas tuaj yeem koom nrog hauv cov tshuaj lom neeg. Cov qauv atomic muaj cov khoom me me xws li protons, neutrons, thiab electrons. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum… Nyeem ntxiv

Cov Txheej Txheem Electrolysis ntawm NaCl Cov Tshuaj Electrolysis yog ib qho txheej txheem tshuaj uas siv hluav taws xob los ua kom muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm electrolysis feem ntau yog electrolysis ntawm sodium chloride (NaCl) cov tshuaj. Kev electrolysis ntawm NaCl cov tshuaj feem ntau siv rau hauv kev lag luam los tsim cov roj chlorine (Cl2) thiab sodium hydroxide (NaOH), ob qho tib si tseem ceeb hauv ntau yam kev siv hauv kev lag luam. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus… Nyeem ntxiv

Cov isotopes radioactive yog cov isotopes tsis ruaj khov ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg uas dhau los ntawm kev lwj ntawm cov tshuaj radioactive, tso tawm cov hluav taws xob hauv daim ntawv ntawm alpha, beta, lossis gamma particles. Cov isotopes radioactive muaj cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb hauv ntau qhov chaw, suav nrog kev kho mob, kev tshawb fawb, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev lag luam. Tsab xov xwm no yuav tshuaj xyuas kev siv cov isotopes radioactive hauv kev lag luam tob, suav nrog… Nyeem ntxiv

Cov Cim Qhia Txog Acid-Base Yog Dab Tsi? Kev Taw Qhia Ib qho cim qhia txog acid-base yog ib yam khoom siv los txiav txim siab qhov acidity lossis alkalinity ntawm cov kua. Hauv lub neej txhua hnub, peb feem ntau ntsib ntau yam kev siv rau kev ntsuas pH ntawm cov kua, txawm tias nyob hauv chaw soj nstuam, tsev neeg, lossis kev lag luam khoom noj thiab dej haus. Feem ntau, cov cim qhia txog acid-base siv yog cov tshuaj lom neeg... Nyeem ntxiv

Qhov Zoo thiab Qhov Tsis Zoo ntawm Dalton tus Qauv Atomic: Kev Tshuaj Xyuas Tag Nrho Cov qauv atomic yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev tshawb fawb tshuaj lom neeg niaj hnub no, thiab ib qho ntawm qhov ntxov tshaj plaws thiab tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog Dalton tus qauv atomic. John Dalton tau hais tawm thaum ntxov xyoo pua 19th, txoj kev xav no tau dhau los ua lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho chemistry. Txawm li cas los xij, zoo li lwm cov kev tshawb fawb, Dalton tus qauv… Nyeem ntxiv

Cov Hlau Hloov yog ib pawg ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg uas muaj cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb uas tseem ceeb hauv ntau yam kev lag luam, kev siv tshuab, thiab kev siv tshuaj lom neeg. Cov hlau hloov nyob hauv d-block ntawm lub rooj teev sijhawm, uas suav nrog pawg 3 txog 12. Lub npe "hlau hloov" los ntawm lub peev xwm ntawm cov ntsiab lus no los tsim cov ions nrog ntau qib ntawm ... Nyeem ntxiv