Cov Txheej Txheem Tsim Khoom Cable rau Cov Txheej Txheem Sib Txuas Lus Satellite
Cov kab ke sib txuas lus satellite vam khom kev xa cov teeb liab zaus siab uas yuav tsum ruaj khov, meej, thiab tiv taus kev cuam tshuam. Tom qab qhov kev ua tau zoo no muaj ib qho tseem ceeb uas feem ntau tsis quav ntsej: cov cables. Cov cables rau cov kab ke sib txuas lus satellite tsis yog tsuas yog "cov khoom sib txuas" ntawm cov khoom siv, tab sis yog cov xov xwm xa xov uas yuav tsum muaj cov yam ntxwv hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb, kev poob qis, kev tiv thaiv zoo, thiab kev tiv taus rau ib puag ncig hnyav. Tsab xov xwm no tham txog cov txheej txheem tsim cov cables feem ntau siv hauv cov kab ke sib txuas lus satellite - los ntawm kev xaiv cov khoom siv mus rau kev tswj hwm zoo ua ntej cov cable tau tshaj tawm tias tsim nyog rau kev siv.
1. Cov Kev Cai rau Cov Cables hauv Kev Sib Txuas Lus Satellite
Cov cables hauv cov khoom siv satellite feem ntau yog siv rau cov chaw nres tsheb hauv av, parabolic antennas, xov tooj cua zaus (RF), LNBs / LNAs, HPAs / BUCs, thiab modems thiab cov khoom siv saib xyuas. Cov hom cable feem ntau siv yog coaxial cables thiab, hauv qee qhov ntawm cov ntaub ntawv / telemetry networks, fiber optic cables. Rau txoj kev RF ntawm lub antenna thiab lub amplifier, cov coaxial cables ua tau zoo yog qhov kev xaiv tseem ceeb vim tias lawv tuaj yeem nqa cov cim zaus siab nrog kev tswj hwm impedance (feem ntau 50 ohms lossis 75 ohms) thiab muab kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv electromagnetic cuam tshuam.
Ib txoj hlua zoo rau kev sib txuas lus satellite feem ntau yuav tsum muaj:
- Kev poob qis ntawm kev ua haujlwm zaus (L-band, S-band, C-band, Ku-band, Ka-band, nyob ntawm lub kaw lus).
- Me VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) ua qhov qhia txog kev sib phim impedance zoo.
- Kev tiv thaiv zoo heev los tiv thaiv kev xau hluav taws xob thiab kev cuam tshuam sab nraud.
- Kev tiv thaiv huab cua thiab UV (kev teeb tsa sab nraum zoov) thiab ruaj khov tiv thaiv kev hloov pauv kub.
- Kev ntseeg tau ntawm txhua yam khoom xws li lub zog tensile, kev yooj ywm, thiab kev tiv taus kev co.
2. Kev Tsim Kho thiab Tsim Qauv
Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom pib ua ntej lub Hoobkas pib ua haujlwm. Pab pawg engineer txhais cov lus qhia raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm lub kaw lus: hom cable, impedance, zaus ntau npaum li cas, txoj kab uas hla, hom conductor, dielectric khoom siv, hom shielding (ntawv ci, braid, lossis ua ke), thiab hom tsho (PVC, PE, LSZH, fluoropolymer, thiab lwm yam). Theem no kuj xav txog cov qauv kev lag luam thiab cov kev cai ntawm daim ntawv pov thawj, xws li kev ua raws li cov qauv kev nyab xeeb hluav taws, kev tiv thaiv tshuaj lom neeg, lossis cov qauv kev ua haujlwm RF tshwj xeeb.
Cov lus qhia tsim qauv kuj qhia txog kev kam rau siab ntawm qhov ntev. Hauv RF coaxial cables, kev hloov me me ntawm tus neeg coj lossis dielectric txoj kab uas hla tuaj yeem hloov impedance thiab ua rau muaj kev poob ntau ntxiv, ua rau kev tswj hwm txheej txheem tseem ceeb.
3. Kev Xaiv thiab Kev Npaj Cov Khoom Siv Raw
Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm coaxial cable suav nrog:
1. Tus neeg hlau nruab nrab: feem ntau yog tooj liab khov kho lossis hlua khi (Cu), qee zaum tooj liab plated nyiaj rau kev ua haujlwm siab lossis kev xav tau tshwj xeeb. Rau qee qhov kev siv, hlau tooj liab-clad (CCS) yog siv los ua kom muaj zog dua.
2. Dielectric: tuaj yeem yog PE (polyethylene), PE ua npuas ncauj (ua npuas ncauj kom txo qhov dielectric tas li), PTFE / FEP (fluoropolymer) rau qhov kub siab thiab poob qis.
3. Tiv Thaiv: ib txheej ntawm cov ntawv ci txhuas thiab/lossis cov xov tooj liab. Cov ntawv ci + cov xov sib xyaw ua ke feem ntau yog siv rau kev tiv thaiv zoo dua.
4. Lub tsho sab nraud: PE rau sab nraum zoov (UV thiab huab cua tiv taus), PVC rau qee yam siv sab hauv tsev, lossis LSZH rau thaj chaw uas xav tau pa luam yeeb tsawg thaum muaj hluav taws.
Ua ntej nkag mus rau hauv kev tsim khoom, cov ntaub ntawv no yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas thawj zaug: kev huv ntawm tooj liab, txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov hlau, cov khoom siv kho tshuab, thiab kev kuaj cov khoom siv kom paub tseeb tias ua raws li cov lus qhia.
4. Kev Kos Duab Hlau thiab Kev Ua Kom Kub
Yog tias lub Hoobkas tsim nws cov neeg hlau, cov tooj liab nyoos raug rub los ntawm ntau qhov pwm kom ua tiav qhov txoj kab uas hla xav tau. Cov txheej txheem no hu ua kev kos duab hlau. Tom qab kos duab, cov tooj liab tuaj yeem ua rau tawv dua vim yog kev ua haujlwm tawv, yog li nws raug annealed (tswj cua sov) kom rov qab tau qhov yooj ywm thiab kev coj hluav taws xob zoo tshaj plaws.
Rau cov xov hlau uas raug khi, cov xov hlau me me uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev rub ces raug ntswj (stranding) kom cov xov hlau yooj ywm dua thiab tiv taus kev tawg thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa.
5. Dielectric Extrusion: Tsim cov Cable Core
Cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog txheej lub hauv paus conductor nrog dielectric siv cov txheej txheem extrusion. Lub tshuab extrusion heats lub polymer pellet (piv txwv li, PE lossis PTFE) thiab tom qab ntawd yuam nws los ntawm lub pwm, concentrically qhwv lub conductor. Hauv RF cables, concentricity yog qhov tseem ceeb: lub dielectric yuav tsum tau meej meej hauv nruab nrab kom tswj tau qhov ruaj khov impedance thiab txo cov teeb liab propagation irregularities.
Cov khoom siv dielectric ua npuas siv cov txheej txheem ua npuas nrog cov roj lossis lwm yam khoom siv los tsim cov qauv me me. Kev ua npuas lub dielectric ua rau lub dielectric tsis hloov pauv, uas feem ntau ua rau poob qis dua thiab muaj kev sib kis ceev dua.
Tom qab extrusion, lub cable core raug txias los ntawm lub dab dej txias (lub qhov dej) thaum nws qhov ntev raug tswj nrog lub laser sensor lossis lub ntsuas kab hluav taws xob online.
6. Kev Teeb Tsa Tiv Thaiv: Ntawv Nyiaj thiab Braid
Thaum lub cable core tau tsim lawm, lub shield tau raug ntsia. Muaj ntau qhov kev teeb tsa zoo sib xws:
– Daim kab xev nplaum (daim kab xev): daim kab xev txhuas (feem ntau muaj daim nplaum lossis daim ntawv laminated backing) qhwv ua voj voog lossis ntev ib ncig ntawm lub dielectric. Daim kab xev no zoo rau cov zaus siab thiab muab kev npog yuav luag tag nrho.
– Kev tiv thaiv los ntawm cov xov hlau: cov xov tooj liab uas xov ncig ib txheej ntawv ci lossis ncaj qha rau ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Cov xov hlau ua rau muaj zog dua thiab muab kev tiv thaiv ntxiv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau kev cuam tshuam hluav taws xob sib txawv.
Rau cov kev xav tau ntawm lub satellite uas rhiab heev, ob lub ntaub thaiv (ntawv ci + braid) lossis txawm tias peb/plaub lub ntaub thaiv feem ntau raug xaiv nyob ntawm cov qauv kev teeb tsa thiab ib puag ncig cuam tshuam.
Kev npog ntawm cov xov hlau raug tswj hwm nruj me ntsis, piv txwv li, ntawm 70%, 85%, lossis >90%. Kev npog ntau dua feem ntau txhim kho kev tiv thaiv, tab sis kuj ua rau tus nqi cable thiab kev tawv.
7. Lub Tsho Sab Nraud Extrusion
Kauj ruam kawg hauv kev tsim lub cev ntawm lub cable yog extrusion ntawm lub tsho sab nraud. Lub tsho tiv thaiv lub cable los ntawm kev puas tsuaj, dej noo, tshuaj lom neeg, UV raug, thiab kev puas tsuaj rau lub tshuab. Rau kev siv sab nraum zoov ntawm cov chaw nres tsheb hauv av, lub tsho PE tiv taus UV feem ntau siv. Rau kev teeb tsa sab hauv tsev qhov twg kev nyab xeeb hluav taws tseem ceeb, LSZH feem ntau siv los txo cov pa luam yeeb thiab cov pa roj corrosive thaum lub sijhawm combustion.
Nyob rau theem no koj tuaj yeem ntxiv:
- Cov tshuaj ntxiv rau UV stabilizer
- Tiv thaiv hluav taws
- Kev thaiv dej (tiv thaiv dej kom tsis txhob kis mus) hauv qee qhov qauv tsim
- Kev tiv thaiv (txheej tiv thaiv ntxiv hauv daim ntawv ntawm daim kab xev hlau / txhuas lossis braid) yog tias lub cable raug faus lossis nyob hauv thaj chaw uas muaj kev cuam tshuam
Tom qab lub tsho raug extruded, lub cable raug txias dua thiab dov (take-up) rau ntawm lub nruas nrog kev tswj qhov nro kom cov duab cable ruaj khov thiab tsis hloov pauv.
8. Kev Luam Ntawv, Kev Cim thiab Kev Txheeb Xyuas
Cov cables ces muab cim nrog hom cable, tus lej batch, chaw tsim khoom, qhov loj me, tus qauv, thiab cov cim ntsuas. Qhov cim no tseem ceeb heev rau kev taug qab thaum muaj teeb meem hauv thaj teb. Hauv cov haujlwm sib txuas lus satellite tseem ceeb, kev taug qab ua rau kev tshawb nrhiav sai - piv txwv li, txiav txim siab seb pawg twg cable los ntawm thiab cov kev tsim khoom twg tau siv.
9. Kev Tswj Xyuas Zoo thiab Kev Ntsuas Hluav Taws Xob RF
Ua ntej xa khoom, cov cables yuav dhau los ntawm ntau qhov kev sim:
1. Kev ntsuam xyuas qhov ntev thiab qhov pom
- Txoj kab uas hla ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib, dielectric, tiv thaiv, thiab lub tsho loj
- Concentricity thiab ovality
- Cov qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov chaw, cov kab nrib pleb, lossis cov av qias neeg
2. Kev kuaj hluav taws xob yooj yim
- DC tsis kam ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib
- Kev tiv thaiv rwb thaiv tsev
- Kev sim Hi-pot (kev sim hluav taws xob tawg) kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev rwb thaiv tsev zoo
3. Kev sim yam ntxwv ntawm RF
- Yam ntxwv impedance (50/75 ohms) thiab nws txoj kev kam rau siab
- Kev poob / kev txo qis ntawm qhov ntev ntawm ib qho zaus muab
- Kev poob rov qab thiab / lossis VSWR
- Kev tiv thaiv zoo / xau (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau kev teeb tsa uas cuam tshuam rau kev cuam tshuam)
4. Kev ntsuam xyuas txhua yam thiab ib puag ncig
- Kev sim tensile thiab elongation ntawm lub tsho loj
- Kev sim ua kom yooj ywm / khoov
- Kev ntsuas kub (kev caij tsheb kauj vab thermal)
- Kev sim tiv thaiv UV thiab noo noo rau cov cables sab nraum zoov
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev xeem raug sau tseg rau hauv daim ntawv pov thawj zoo thiab, rau qee qhov project, daim ntawv pov thawj xeem (daim ntawv qhia kev xeem) raug muab txuas nrog uas yog ib feem ntawm daim ntawv xa mus.
10. Kev Ntim Khoom, Kev Khaws Cia, thiab Kev Faib Khoom
Tom qab dhau qhov kev sim, lub xov hlau raug qhwv rau ntawm lub nruas lossis cov spools raws li qhov ntev uas tau txiav txim. Kev ntim khoom yuav tsum tiv thaiv kev hloov pauv, dej nkag, thiab kev puas tsuaj thaum lub sijhawm xa khoom. Kev khaws cia kuj yog qhov nruj: qhov kub thiab txias hauv tsev rau khoom, av noo, thiab cov txheej txheem sib dhos nruas raug txiav txim siab kom zoo kom tiv thaiv kev laus ua ntej ntawm lub tsho thiab cov duab ntawm lub xov hlau.
Thaum lub sijhawm faib khoom, cov chaw tsim khoom lossis cov neeg koom ua ke feem ntau suav nrog cov lus qhia txog kev teeb tsa: qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm qhov khoov radius, lub zog tensile siab tshaj plaws, thiab qhov txuas kom raug. Qhov no tseem ceeb vim tias txawm tias cov xov hlau zoo tshaj plaws tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tsis zoo yog tias teeb tsa tsis raug, nrog cov txuas tsis sib xws, lossis yog tias lub shielding raug stripped thaum lub sijhawm xaus.
Xaus
Cov txheej txheem tsim cov xov hlau rau cov kab ke sib txuas lus satellite yog ib qho kev ua haujlwm uas xav tau qhov tseeb siab: los ntawm kev tsim impedance thiab kev xaiv cov khoom siv, kev tsim cov hlau thiab dielectric, kev tiv thaiv, mus rau kev rho tawm lub tsho thiab kev sim RF nruj. Vim tias cov kab ke satellite ua haujlwm ntawm cov zaus siab thiab feem ntau nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig nyuaj, qhov zoo ntawm cov xov hlau cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev ruaj khov ntawm qhov txuas, kev txo suab nrov, thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm RF fais fab kis. Nrog kev tswj hwm zoo thiab kev tsim qauv tsim nyog rau daim ntawv thov, cov xov hlau tuaj yeem yog cov khoom siv txhim khu kev qha uas tswj tau qhov kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev sib txuas lus satellite mus rau lub sijhawm ntev.
Yog tias koj xav tau, kuv tuaj yeem kho cov ntawv no kom tshwj xeeb dua rau L-band coaxial cable rau lub ntiaj teb chaw nres tsheb, waveguide cable, lossis fiber optic cable rau satellite network backbones, ua tiav nrog cov piv txwv ntawm cov qauv xeem thiab cov qauv ib txwm muaj.
