Da'irori na lantarki - matsaloli da mafita

Da'irori na lantarki - matsaloli da mafita

1. R ₁ , = 6 Ω, R ₂ = R ₃ = 2 Ω, da kuma ƙarfin lantarki = volts 14, ƙayyade wutar lantarki a cikin da'irar kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton da ke ƙasa.

An sani:

Resistor 1 (R ₁ ) = 6 Ω

Resistor 2 (R ₂ ) = 2 Ω

Resistor 3 (R3 ₎ = 2 Ω

Wutar lantarki (V) = Volt 14

Ana nema: Wutar lantarki (I)

Magani:

Daidaitaccen juriya (R):

An haɗa R ₂ da R ₃ a layi ɗaya. Resistor mai daidai:

1/R ₂₃ = 1/R ₂ + 1/R ₃ = 1/2 + 1/2 = 2/2

R ₂₃ = 2/2 = 1 Ω

An haɗa R ₁ da R ₂₃ a jere. Resistor iri ɗaya:

R = R ₁ + R ₂₃ = 6 Ω + 1 Ω

R = 7Ω

Wutar lantarki (I):

I = V / R = 14 / 7 = Amperes 2

2. Wanne daga cikin da'irori na lantarki kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa ne ke da babban wutar lantarki.

Magani:

Juriyar juriyar resistor ita ce R kuma ƙarfin lantarki shine V.

Amsa A.

An haɗa R ₁ , R ₂ da R ₃ a jere. Resistor mai daidai:

R _A = R ₁ + R ₂ + R ₃ = R + R + R = 3R

Wutar lantarki (I):

Amsa B.

An haɗa R ₁ , R ₂ da R ₃ a layi ɗaya. Resistor mai daidai:

1/R = 1/R ₁ + 1/R ₂ + 1/R ₃ = 1/R + 1/R + 1/R = 3/R

R _B = R/3

Wutar lantarki (I):

Amsa C.

An haɗa R ₂ da R ₃ a layi ɗaya. Resistor mai daidai:

1/R ₂₃ = 1/R ₂ + 1/R ₃ = 1/R + 1/R = 2/R

R ₂₃ = R/2

An haɗa R ₁ da R ₂₃ a jere. Resistor iri ɗaya:

R _C = R ₁ + R ₂₃ = R + R/2 = 2R/2 + R/2 = 3R/2

Wutar lantarki (I):

Amsa D.

An haɗa R ₁ da R ₂ a layi ɗaya. Resistor mai daidai:

1/R ₁₂ = 1/R ₁ + 1/R ₂ = 1/R + 1/R = 2/R

R ₁₂ = R/2

An haɗa R ₁₂ da R ₃ a jere. Resistor mai kama da haka:

R _D = R ₁₂ + R ₃ = R/2 + R = R/2 + 2R/2 = R3/2

Wutar lantarki (I):

3. R _{​​​​1} = 4 ohms, R ₂ = 6 ohms, R ₃ = 2 ohms, da V = 24 volts. Menene wutar lantarki a cikin da'irar kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton da ke ƙasa.

An sani:

Resistor 1 (R ₁ ) = 4 Ohm

Resistor 2 (R ₂ ) = 6 Ohm

Resistor 3 (R ₃ ) = 2 Ohm

Wutar lantarki (V) = Volt 24

Ana so: Wutar lantarki a cikin da'ira

Magani:

An haɗa R ₁ , R ₂ da R ₃ a jere. Resistor mai daidai:

R = R ₁ + R ₂ + R ₃ = 4 + 6 + 2

R = 12 Ohm

Wutar lantarki:

I = V / R = 24 / 12 = Amperes 2

4. Wanne daga cikin da'irori na lantarki kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa ne ke da babban wutar lantarki.

Magani

Wutar lantarki a cikin da'irar A.

Resistor mai kama da haka:

R ₁ = 3 Ω, R ₂ = 4 Ω, R ₃ = 4 Ω, V = 12 Volts

An haɗa R ₂ da R ₃ a layi ɗaya. Resistor mai daidai:

1/R ₂₃ = 1/R ₂ + 1/R ₃ = 1/4 + 1/4 = 2/4 = 1/2

R ₂₃ = 2/1 = 2 Ω

An haɗa R ₁ da R ₂₃ a jere. Resistor iri ɗaya:

R = R ₁ + R ₂₃ = 3 Ω + 2 Ω = 5 Ω

Wutar lantarki (I):

I = V / R = 12 / 5 = Amperes 2.4

Wutar lantarki a cikin da'irar B.

Resistor mai kama da haka:

R ₁ = 8 Ω, R ₂ = 2 Ω, R ₃ = 2 Ω, V = 36 Volts

An haɗa R ₁ , R ₂ da R ₃ a jere. Resistor mai daidai:

R = R ₁ + R ₂ + R ₃ = 8 + 2 + 2 = 12 Ω

Wutar lantarki (I):

I = V / R = 36 / 12 = Amperes 3

Wutar lantarki a cikin da'irar C.

Resistor mai kama da haka:

R ₁ = 4 Ω, R ₂ = 4 Ω, R ₃ = 6 Ω, V = 12 Volts

An haɗa R ₂ da R ₃ a layi ɗaya. Resistor mai daidai:

1/R ₂₃ = 1/R ₂ + 1/R ₃ = 1/4 + 1/4 + 1/6 = 3/12 + 3/12 + 2/12 = 8/12

R ₂₃ = 12/8 = 1.5 Ω

Wutar lantarki (I):

I = V / R = 12 / 1.5 = Amperes 8

Wutar lantarki a cikin da'irar D.

Resistor mai kama da haka:

R ₁ = 3 Ω, R ₂ = 3 Ω, R ₃ = 3 Ω, R ₄ = 3 Ω, R ₅ = 6 Ω, V = 24 Volts

An haɗa R ₂ , R ₃ da R ₄ a layi ɗaya. Resistor mai daidai:

1/R ₂₃₄ = 1/R ₂ + 1/R ₃ + 1/R ₄ = 1/3 + 1/3 + 1/3 = 3/3

R ₂₃₄ = 3/3 = 1 Ω

An haɗa R ₁ , R ₂₃₄ da R ₅ a cikin jerin. Resistor mai daidai:

R = R ₁ + R ₂₃₄ + R ₅ = 3 + 1 + 6 = 9 Ω

Wutar lantarki (I):

I = V / R = 24 / 9 = Amperes 2.6

5. Dangane da adadi kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa, ƙayyade:

A. Juriya gaba ɗaya

B. Wutar lantarki a cikin da'ira

C. Yanzu I ₁

D. Yanzu I ₂

An sani:

Resistor 1 (R ₁ ) = 4 Ω

Resistor 2 (R ₂ ) = 4 Ω

Resistor 3 (R ₃ ) = 2 Ω

Resistor 4 (R ₄ ) = 3 Ω

Ƙarfin wutar lantarki (V) = Volts 12

Magani:

A. Jimlar juriya (R)

An haɗa Resistor R ₂ da Resistor R ₃ a jere. Resistor iri ɗaya:

R ₂₃ = R ₂ + R ₃ = 4 Ω + 2 Ω = 6 Ω

An haɗa Resistor R ₂₃ da resistor R ₄ a layi ɗaya. Resistor iri ɗaya:

1/R ₂₃₄ = 1/R ₂₃ + 1/R ₄ = 1/6 + 1/3 = 1/6 + 2/6 = 3/6

R ₂₃₄ = 6/3 = 2 Ω

An haɗa Resistor R ₁ da Resistor R ₂₃₄ a jere. Resistor iri ɗaya:

R = R ₁ + R ₂₃₄ = 4 Ω + 2 Ω = 6 Ω

Jimlar juriya ita ce 6 ohms.

B. Wutar lantarki a cikin da'ira (I)

V = IR

V = ƙarfin lantarki, I = wutar lantarki, R = juriyar lantarki

Wutar lantarki:

I = V / R = Volts 12 / Ohms 6 = Amps 2

C. Wutar lantarki I ₁

Wutar lantarki a cikin resistor R ₁ = wutar lantarki a cikin da'ira = 2 Amperes.

D. Yanzu I ₂

Resistor R₂₃ da kuma juriya R₄ an haɗa su a layi ɗaya. Resistor mai daidai R₂₃₄ = 2 ohms.

Wutar lantarki a cikin resistor R ₂₃₄ = wutar lantarki a cikin resistor R ₁ = 2 Ampere.

Wutar lantarki a cikin resistor R ₂₃₄ shine:

V = IR ₂₃₄ = (2 A)(2 Ohm) = Volts 4

Wutar lantarki a cikin resistor R ₂₃₄ = ƙarfin lantarki a cikin resistor R ₄ = ƙarfin lantarki a cikin resistor R ₂₃ = 4 Volts.

Daidaitaccen juriyar R ₂₃ shine 6 Ohm.

Wutar lantarki a cikin resistor R ₂₃ shine:

I = V / R = Volts 4 / Ohms 6 = 2/3 Ampere

Wutar lantarki a cikin resistor R ₂₃ = Wutar lantarki a cikin resistor R ₂ = wutar lantarki a cikin resistor R ₃ = 2/3 Ampere.

6. R ₁ = R ₂ = 10 Ω da R ₃ = R ₄ = 8 Ω. Menene wutar lantarki a cikin da'irar kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton da ke ƙasa?

An sani:

Resistor R ₁ = Resistor R ₂ = 10 Ω

Resistor R ₃ = Resistor R ₄ = 8 Ω

Ƙarfin wutar lantarki (V) = Volts 12

Ana nema: wutar lantarki (I)

Magani:

Daidaitaccen juriya

An haɗa Resistor R ₃ da Resistor R ₄ a layi ɗaya, resistor ɗin daidai yake:

1/R ₃₄ = 1/R ₃ + 1/R ₄ = 1/8 + 1/8 = 2/8

R ₃₄ = 8/2 = 4 Ω

An haɗa masu juriya R ₁ , R ₂ da R ₃₄ a jere, mai juriya iri ɗaya:

R = R ₁ + R ₂ + R ₃₄ = 10 Ω + 10 Ω + 4 Ω = 24 Ω

Wutar lantarki:

I = V / R = Volts 12 / Ohms 24 = Volts 0,5/Ohms = Amps 0.5

7. Idan aka yi watsi da juriyar ciki ta batirin, menene wutar lantarki a cikin da'irar da aka nuna a cikin hoton da ke ƙasa.

An sani:

Resistor R ₁ = 3 Ohm

Resistor R ₂ = 3 Ohm

Resistor R ₃ = 6 Ohm

Ƙarfin wutar lantarki (V) = Volts 6

Ana nema: Wutar lantarki (I)

Magani:

Daidaitaccen juriya

An haɗa masu juriya R ₁ da R ₂ a jere. Mai juriya iri ɗaya:

R ₁₂ = R ₁ + R ₂ = 3 Ohms + 3 Ohms = 6 Ohms

An haɗa Resistor R ₁₂ da resistor 3 a layi ɗaya. Resistor iri ɗaya:

1/R = 1/R ₁₂ + 1/R ₃ = 1/6 + 1/6 = 2/6

R = 6/2 = 3 Ohms

Wutar lantarki:

I = V / R = 6 / 3 = Amperes 2

8. Menene jimlar wutar lantarki da ke cikin da'irar kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton da ke ƙasa.

An sani:

Resistor R ₁ = 6 Ohm

Resistor R ₂ = 4 Ohm

Wutar lantarki (V) = Volt 6

Juriyar ciki (r) = 0.6 Ohms

Ana nema: Wutar lantarki

Magani:

An haɗa Resistor R ₁ da Resistor R ₂ a layi ɗaya. Resistor iri ɗaya:

1/R _P = 1/R ₁ + 1/R ₂ = 1/6 + 1/4 = 4/24 + 6/24 = 10/24

R _P = 24/10 = 2.4 Ohm

An haɗa Resistor R _P da juriya ta ciki (r) a jere. Resistor iri ɗaya:

R = R _P + r = 2.4 Ohm + 0.6 Ohm = 3.0 Ohm

Wutar lantarki a cikin da'ira:

I = V / R = Volts 6 / Ohms 3 = Amps 2

1. Menene da'irar lantarki?
   • Amsa: Da'irar lantarki hanya ce ta rufewa ko madauki wadda wutar lantarki ke iya gudana akai-akai. Yawanci tana ƙunshe da tushen wutar lantarki (kamar batura), lodi (kamar resistors, LEDs, injuna), da kuma masu jagoranci don haɗa su.
2. Me ya bambanta da'irar jerin abubuwa daga da'irar layi ɗaya?
   • Amsa: A cikin da'irar jerin abubuwa, an haɗa sassan daga ƙarshe zuwa ƙarshe, don haka akwai hanya ɗaya tak don halin yanzu. A cikin da'irar layi ɗaya, an haɗa sassan a cikin wuraren gama gari ko mahaɗa, suna samar da hanyoyi da yawa don halin yanzu.
3. Ta yaya Dokar Ohm ta danganta ƙarfin lantarki, wutar lantarki, da juriya a cikin da'ira?
   • AmsaDokar Ohm ta bayyana cewa halin yanzu ($I$) yana gudana ta cikin na'urar jagoranci tsakanin maki biyu daidai gwargwado kai tsaye ga ƙarfin lantarki ($V$) a fadin maki biyu kuma daidai gwargwado ga juriya ($R$). An wakilta shi kamar I=V/R​.
4. Menene rawar da makulli ke takawa a cikin da'irar lantarki?
   • Amsa: Makulli yana sarrafa kwararar wutar lantarki a cikin da'ira. Idan aka rufe, yana ba da damar kwararar wutar lantarki; idan aka buɗe, yana katsewa ko dakatar da kwararar wutar lantarki.
5. Me yasa ake ɗaukar gajeren zango a matsayin haɗari?
   • Amsa: A cikin ɗan gajeren da'ira, juriyar tana da ƙasa sosai, wanda ke haifar da kwararar wutar lantarki mai yawa. Wannan na iya haifar da zafi sosai, gobara, ko lalacewar sassan kuma ya kamata a kare shi da fis ko masu fashewa na da'ira.
6. Menene aikin fius ko mai warware wutar lantarki a cikin da'ira?
   • Amsa: Dukansu fis da masu katse wutar lantarki na'urori ne masu kariya waɗanda aka tsara don katse wutar lantarki idan wutar lantarki ta wuce matakin aminci da aka ƙayyade. Yayin da fis ɗin ke "busa" ko "narkewa", yana karya da'irar, masu katse wutar lantarki na "tafiya", kuma ana iya sake saita su bayan sun katse da'irar.
7. Ta yaya Dokar Yanzu ta Kirchhoff (KCL) ta bayyana kwararar ruwa a mahaɗa a cikin da'ira?
   • Amsa: Dokar Yanzu ta Kirchhoff ta bayyana cewa jimlar kwararar da ke shiga mahaɗin daidai yake da jimlar kwararar da ke barin wannan mahaɗin. Wannan a zahiri sanarwa ce ta kiyaye cajin wutar lantarki.
8. Mene ne bambanci tsakanin AC (Alternating Current) da DC (Direct Current)?
   • Amsa: DC tana nufin kwararar wutar lantarki ta hanya ɗaya tilo, yawanci daga batir ko wutar lantarki ta DC. AC, a gefe guda kuma, caji ne na lantarki wanda ke canza alkibla lokaci-lokaci, kamar abin da ake bayarwa daga layin wutar lantarki a ƙasashe da yawa.
9. Menene kalmar "ƙasa" ke nufi a cikin zagayawan lantarki?
   • Amsa: "Ƙasa" yana nufin wurin da ake nufi a cikin da'irar lantarki inda ake auna wasu ƙarfin lantarki daga gare ta, ko kuma hanyar dawowa ta gama gari don wutar lantarki, ko kuma haɗin kai tsaye na zahiri da Duniya.
10. Me yasa ake amfani da capacitors a cikin da'irar lantarki?

• Amsa: Capacitors suna adanawa da kuma fitar da makamashin lantarki. Ana amfani da su a cikin da'irori don dalilai daban-daban, kamar tacewa, sassauta canjin ƙarfin lantarki, haɗawa da cire siginar AC, da abubuwan lokaci a cikin oscillators.