Nasi isihloko osicelile: — Indlela Yokubona Amakhemikhali Aphilayo Amakhemikhali angokwemvelo, akhiwe ngokuyinhloko ngekhabhoni, i-hydrogen, i-oxygen, i-nitrogen, nezinye izakhi eziningana, adlala indima ebalulekile ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke. Atholakala kukho konke kusukela ekudleni kuya emithini, kumakhemikhali ezimboni kuya ezintweni eziphilayo. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlonza amakhemikhali aphilayo kuvame ukudinga… Funda kabanzi
Izici Ezithinta Ukulingana Kwamakhemikhali Ukulingana kwamakhemikhali kuyisimo esibalulekile ekusabeleni kwamakhemikhali okuhlukahlukene, kokubili elabhorethri kanye nasekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Lokhu kulingana kufinyelelwa lapho izinga lokusabela phambili lilingana nezinga lokusabela okuphambene, kanye nokugxila kwama-reactants kanye nemikhiqizo okuhlala kungaguquki. Nakuba kubonakala sengathi kuyisimo esingaguquki, ukulingana kwamakhemikhali empeleni kuyisimo esiqhubekayo esiguquguqukayo… Funda kabanzi
Amasu Okuhlaziya e-Mass Spectroscopy: Izimiso, Ukusetshenziswa, kanye Nentuthuko I-Mass spectroscopy, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-mass spectrometry (MS), iyindlela yokuhlaziya esetshenziselwa ukukala isisindo sama-molecule nokunquma ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali esampula. Le ndlela isibe ithuluzi elibalulekile emikhakheni eyahlukene yesayensi, okuhlanganisa i-chemistry, i-biology, kanye nesayensi yezinto zokwakha. Lesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngezimiso eziyisisekelo, ukusetshenziswa, kanye… Funda kabanzi
Iyini Isixazululo Esigcwele? Isixazululo siyingxube efanayo equkethe izinto ezimbili noma ngaphezulu. Into encibilikayo ibizwa ngokuthi i-solute, kanti into eyincibilikayo ibizwa ngokuthi i-solvent. Umqondo owodwa obalulekile kumakhemikhali wesisombululo yisisombululo esigcwele. Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngokujulile ngokuthi iyini isixazululo esigcwele, ukuthi sakhiwe kanjani, izici zaso, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwaso... Funda kabanzi
Ukuqonda ama-Isotopes, ama-Isobars, nama-Isotones Izinto kanye namandla kuyizinto ezimbili ezibalulekile zefiziksi kanye nekhemistri. Lapho sixoxa ngezinto, asikwazi ukubalekela umqondo oyisisekelo wama-athomu. Ama-athomu ayizingxenye ezincane kakhulu zento engabamba iqhaza ekusabeleni kwamakhemikhali. Isakhiwo se-athomu siqukethe izinhlayiya ezincane kakhulu ze-athomu ezifana nama-proton, ama-neutron, nama-electron. Kodwa-ke, uma… Funda kabanzi
Inqubo Yokuhlanzwa Kwe-Electrolysis Yesixazululo Se-NaCl I-Electrolysis inqubo yamakhemikhali lapho kusetshenziswa khona ugesi kagesi ukuze kubangele ukusabela okungahleliwe. Esinye sezibonelo ezivame kakhulu ze-electrolysis yi-electrolysis yesisombululo se-sodium chloride (NaCl). I-electrolysis yezixazululo ze-NaCl ivame ukusetshenziswa embonini ukukhiqiza igesi ye-chlorine (Cl2) kanye ne-sodium hydroxide (NaOH), zombili ezibalulekile ezisetshenziswayo ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene. Isimiso… Funda kabanzi
Ama-radioisotopes angama-isotopes angazinzile ezinto zamakhemikhali ezibola ngemisebe, zikhipha imisebe ngesimo sezinhlayiya ze-alpha, beta, noma ze-gamma. Ama-radioisotopes anezicelo ezibalulekile emikhakheni eminingi, kufaka phakathi ezokwelapha, ucwaningo lwesayensi, futhi ikakhulukazi embonini. Lesi sihloko sizohlola ukusetshenziswa kwezimboni kwama-radioisotopes ngokujulile, kufaka phakathi… Funda kabanzi
Ziyini Izinkomba Ze-Acid-Base Yemvelo? Isingeniso Inkomba ye-acid-base yinto esetshenziselwa ukunquma ubumuncu noma i-alkalinity yesisombululo. Empilweni yansuku zonke, sivame ukuhlangana nokusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene kokulinganisa i-pH yoketshezi, kungaba emalabhorethri, emakhaya, noma embonini yokudla neziphuzo. Ngokuvamile, izinkomba ze-acid-base ezisetshenziswayo ziyizinto zamakhemikhali... Funda kabanzi
Izinzuzo Nokungalungile Kwemodeli Ye-Atomic KaDalton: Isibuyekezo Esiphelele Amamodeli e-athomu ayisisekelo senkolelo-mbono yamakhemikhali yesimanje, futhi enye yokuqala nebaluleke kakhulu imodeli ye-athomu kaDalton. Ephakanyiswe nguJohn Dalton ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19, le nkolelo-mbono yaba yisisekelo esibalulekile sokuthuthukiswa kwekhemistri. Kodwa-ke, njengezinye izinkolelo-mbono zesayensi, imodeli kaDalton… Funda kabanzi
I-Transition Metals yiqembu lezinto zamakhemikhali ezinezakhiwo ezihlukile ezibalulekile ezisetshenziswayo ezimbonini, kwezobuchwepheshe, kanye nasezintweni eziphilayo. Izinsimbi zokuguquka zitholakala ku-d-block yethebula le-periodic, elihlanganisa amaqembu 3 kuya ku-12. Igama elithi "transition metal" livela ekhonweni lalezi zinto lokwakha ama-ion anamazinga ahlukene... Funda kabanzi