Foromo ea katoloso

Lipotso tsa mehlala le mekhoa ea katoloso

1. Mokelikeli o sebelisoang ho tlatsa thermometer o entsoe ka mercury kapa joala. Motheo oa ho etsa thermometer ena ke molao-motheo oa phetoho...

A. Sekhahla sa katoloso ea mercury ka lebaka la liphetoho tsa mocheso
B. ho monngoa ha mocheso ka lebaka la liphetoho mochesong oa mercury
Khatello ea C. ka lebaka la liphetoho mochesong oa mercury
D. bophahamo ba modumo ka lebaka la diphetoho mochesong wa mercury

Puisano
Bophahamo ba ntho boa fetoha ha mocheso oa eona o fetoha. Ka kakaretso, haeba mocheso o eketseha, bophahamo ba molumo boa eketseha, 'me ka lehlakoreng le leng, haeba mocheso o fokotseha, bophahamo ba molumo boa fokotseha. Sena se sebetsa le ho mercury le joala.
Karabo e nepahetseng ke D.

2. Sheba setšoantšo sa bimetal mochesong oa 26 ^o C ka tlase!

Ha bimetal e futhumetse ho fihlela ho 50^oC, liketsahalo tse etsahetseng e ne e le tse latelang:

Tsela eo ho kobehang ka yona le lebaka le nepahetseng di bontshwa ke….

A. (1) le (2)
B. (1) le (4)
C. (2) le (3)
D. (3) le (4)

Puisano
Bimetal ke motsoako oa likotoana tse peli tsa tšepe tse nang le li-coefficient tse fapaneng tsa katoloso e otlolohileng, moo karolo e 'ngoe ea tšepe e nang le coefficient e kholoanyane ea katoloso e otlolohileng ha karolo e 'ngoe ea tšepe e na le coefficient e nyane ea katoloso e otlolohileng.

Haeba mocheso oa tšepe o eketseha, tšepe e bona katoloso ea bolelele (bolelele ba tšepe boa eketseha), ka lehlakoreng le leng, haeba mocheso oa tšepe o fokotseha, tšepe e bona ho honyela ha bolelele (bolelele ba tšepe boa fokotseha). Bakeng sa keketseho e tšoanang ea mocheso, likotoana tse peli tsa tšepe lia atoloha ka bolelele bo fapaneng lia eketseha. Tšepe e nang le coefficient e kholoanyane ea katoloso e otlolohileng e na le keketseho e kholoanyane ea bolelele, ha tšepe e nang le coefficient e nyane ea katoloso e otlolohileng e na le keketseho e nyane ea bolelele. Ka ho tšoanang, bakeng sa phokotso e tšoanang ea mocheso, likotoana tse peli tsa tšepe lia fokotseha ka phokotso e fapaneng ea bolelele. Tšepe e nang le coefficient e kholoanyane ea katoloso e otlolohileng e na le ho honyela ho hoholo ha bolelele, ha tšepe e nang le coefficient e nyane ea katoloso e otlolohileng e na le ho honyela ho honyenyane ha bolelele.

Ka hona, ha mocheso oa bimetal o eketseha, moqomo oa tšepe o nang le coefficient e kholoanyane ea katoloso e otlolohileng o kobeha ho ea moqomong oa tšepe o nang le coefficient e nyane. Hobaneng ho le joalo? Hobane boemo bona bo lumella moqomo oa tšepe o nang le coefficient e kholoanyane ea katoloso e otlolohileng ho ba molelele ho feta moqomo oa tšepe o nang le coefficient e nyane ea katoloso e otlolohileng.
Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ha mocheso oa bimetal o fokotseha, moqolo oa tšepe o nang le coefficient e nyane ea katoloso e otlolohileng o kobeha ho ea ho tšepe ka coefficient e kholo ea katoloso e otlolohileng. Boemo bona bo lumella moqolo oa tšepe o nang le coefficient e kholo ea katoloso e otlolohileng ho ba mokhutšoanyane ho feta moqolo oa tšepe o nang le coefficient e nyane ea katoloso e otlolohileng.
Karabo e nepahetseng ke C.

3. Lithupa tse peli qalong li bolelele ba limithara tse 10 ka 'ngoe. Lithupa tse peli li entsoe ka tšepe le aluminium ka li-coefficient tsa katoloso e otlolohileng ea 11 x 10 ka ho latellana.^-6 /^oC le 24 x 10^-6 /^oC. Kamora hore mocheso o eketsehe ka 40^oC, bolelele ba lithupa tsa tšepe le aluminium ka ho latellana bo fetoha ...
A. 10,044 m le 10,096 m
B. 10,0044 m le 10,0096 m
C. 10,096 m le 10,044 m
D. 10,0096 m le 10,0044 m
Puisano
Hoa tsebahala hore:
Bolelele ba qalong (L)_o) molamu oa tšepe = limithara tse 10
Bolelele ba qalong (L)_o) thupa ea aluminium = limithara tse 10
Coefficient ea katoloso e otlolohileng ea tšepe (α) = 11 x 10^-6 /^oC
Koefficient ea katoloso e otlolohileng ea aluminium (α) = 24 x 10^-6 /^oC
Phetoho ea mocheso (ΔT) = 40^oC
Potso: Bolelele ba lithupa tsa tšepe le aluminium ka mor'a hore mocheso o eketsehe
Karabo:
Foromo ea katoloso ea bolelele:
L = L_o + ΔL
L = L_o + α L_o ΔT
Bolelele ba tšepe ea tšepe ka mor'a hore mocheso o eketsehe:
L = L_o + α L_o ΔT
L = 10 + (11 x 10^-6(10)(40)
L = 10 + (11 x 10^-6)(400)
L = 10 + (4400 x 10^-6)
L = 10 + 0,0044
L = limithara tse 10,0044

Bolelele ba molamu oa aluminium ka mor'a hore mocheso o eketsehe:
L = L_o + α L_o ΔT)
L = 10 + (24 x 10^-6(10)(40)
L = 10 + (24 x 10^-6)(400)
L = 10 + (9600 x 10^-6)
L = 10 + 0,0096
L = limithara tse 10,0096
Karabo e nepahetseng ke B.

4. Bara ea tšepe e nang le coefficient ea katoloso e otlolohileng α e na le bolelele ba l mochesong oa 25^oC. Haeba e futhumetse ho fihlela ho 30^oC, e ba le keketseho ea bolelele ba Δl. Haeba tšepe e sehiloe ho isa ho 1/3 ea bolelele ba eona ba pele, bolelele boa eketseha ha e futhumatsoa ho fihlela mochesong oa 35^oC ke….
A. 2/3 Δl
B. 3/2 Δl
C. 5/3 Δl
D. 5/2 Δl
Puisano
Hoa tsebahala hore:
Haeba
Koefficient ea katoloso e otlolohileng ea tšepe (α) = α
Bolelele ba pele ba tšepe (L)^o) = l
Keketseho ea mocheso (ΔT) = 30^oC - 25^oEA-5-C^oC
Maka
Keketseho ea bolelele (ΔL) = Δl
Potso: Haeba lo = 1/3 l le ΔT = 35^oC - 25^oEA-10-C^oC joale keketseho ea bolelele = ….. ?
Karabo:
Bala coefficient ea katoloso e otlolohileng ea tšepe (α) u sebelisa foromo ea keketseho ea bolelele ba tšepe:

Sebelisa coefficient ena ea boleng ba katoloso e otlolohileng ho bala keketseho ea bolelele ba tšepe ha mocheso oa eona o fetoha ho tloha ho 25 ^o C ho ea ho 35 ^o C.

Karabo e nepahetseng ke A.

5. Mochesong oa likhato tse 20^oC, bolelele ba thupa ea aluminium ke 200 cm. Haeba e futhumatsoa ho fihlela mochesong oa 100^oBolelele ba C bo eketseha ka 0,00384 m. Haeba mochesong oa 20^oC ho na le bolo e entsoeng ka thepa e tšoanang ea aluminium, kahoo e le hore bophahamo ba bolo bo eketsehe ka 1% ea bophahamo ba bolo ea pele, bolo e tlameha ho futhumatsoa ho fihlela mochesong o itseng...
A. 139^oC
B. 159^oC
C. 208^oC
D. 228^oC
Puisano
Hoa tsebahala hore:
Bolelele ba pele ba thupa ea aluminium (L)_o) = 200 cm = 2 limithara
Phetoho ea mocheso (ΔT) = 100^oC - 20^oEA-80-C^oC
Keketseho ea bolelele (Δl) = 0,00384 metres
Potso: E le hore bophahamo ba bolo bo eketsehe ka 1% ho tloha bophahamong ba pele ba bolo, bolo e lokela ho futhumatsoa ho fihlela mochesong oa...
Karabo:
Bala coefficient ea bolelele ba thupa ea aluminium u sebelisa foromo ea keketseho ea bolelele:

Katoloso e lekanang ea bophahamo ba aluminium (β) = 3 x coefficient ea katoloso e telele (α) = 3 (0,000024) = 0,000072

Hoa tsebahala hore:
Bolumo ba pele ba bolo = V
Keketseho ea bophahamo ba bolo ea aluminium (ΔV) = (1%)(V) = (1/100)(V) = V/100
Keketseho ea mocheso (ΔT) = T – 20
Botsitswe: Bolo e futhumetse ho fihlela mochesong (T) = ….. ?
Karabo:

Karabo e nepahetseng ke B.

6. Poleiti ea tšepe e chitja e na le masoba a chitja a bataletseng bohareng. Ha poleiti e futhumatsoa joale...
A. Bophara ba poleiti boa eketseha mme bophara ba lesoba boa fokotseha
B. Bophara ba poleiti boa fokotseha mme bophara ba lesoba boa eketseha
C. bophara ba poleiti boa eketseha mme bophara ba lesoba boa eketseha
D. bophara ba poleiti boa fokotseha mme bophara ba lesoba boa fokotseha
Puisano
Foromo ea sebaka sa selikalikoe (A):
A = π r²
Foromo ea bophara ba selika-likoe (D):
D = 2 r
Haeba poleiti ea tšepe e futhumatsoa, ​​​​sebaka (A) sa poleiti ea tšepe sea eketseha. Haeba sebaka sa poleiti ea tšepe se eketseha, bophara (D) kapa radius (r) ba poleiti ea tšepe boa eketseha. Haeba bophara (D) kapa radius (r) ba poleiti ea tšepe bo eketseha, bophara le radius ea lesoba lia eketseha.
Karabo e nepahetseng ke C.

7. Liforeimi tse peli tsa khalase ea mahlo li entsoe ka polasetiki e nang le coefficient ea katoloso e otlolohileng ea 1,3 x 10^-4 (^oC)^-1. Masoba a lense a chitja ka radius ea 2,2 cm. E le hore masoba a lense a ka amohela lilense tse nang le radius ea 2,21 cm, foreimi ea khalase ea mahlo e tlameha ho futhumatsoa ho fihlela mocheso o fetoha ka….
A. 25^oC
B. 35^oC
C. 45^oC
D. 55^oC
Puisano
Hoa tsebahala hore:
Katoloso e lekanang ea polasetiki (α) = 1,3 x 10^-4 (^oC^-1)
Radius ea lesoba la lense (r)¹) = radius ea lesoba la lense ea pele = 2,2 cm
Radius ea lesoba la lense kamora ho futhumatsa (r)²) = 2,21 cm
Potso: Phetoho mochesong oa foreimi ea khalase ea mahlo
Karabo:
E le hore lesoba la lense le ka kenngwa lense e nang le radius ya 2,21 cm, kamora ho futhumatsa, radius ya lense e lokela ho eketseha ka 2,21 cm - 2,20 cm = 0,01 cm.
Koefficient ea katoloso ea sebaka sa poleiti ea tšepe (β) = 2 x koefficient ea katoloso e otlolohileng (α) = 2 x 1,3 x 10^{-4 o}C^-1 = 2,6x10^{-4 o}C^-1

Liphetoho tsa mocheso:

Karabo e nepahetseng ke B.

8. Setšoantšong se latelang, ho na le sekheo pakeng tsa litsela tse peli tsa terene tse entsoeng ka tšepe. Sekheo sena se reretsoe ho...
A. Matla a ho thulana ha terene e feta aa fokotseha.
B. Ho thothomela ha terene e feta ho ba honyenyane.
C. Liporo tsa terene ha li kobehe ha tšepe e atoloha
D. Literene ha li kobehe ha terene e feta holim'a tsona.
Puisano
Literene li entsoe ka tšepe, e atolohang habonolo ha mocheso o fetoha. Letsatsing le chesang, mocheso oa literene oa eketseha, e leng se etsang hore li atolohe. Ha literene li hohlana le mabili a terene, mocheso le oona oa eketseha, e leng se etsang hore li atolohe. Ka hona, sekheo se pakeng tsa literene tse peli se sebeletsa ho thibela literene ho kobeha ha tšepe e atoloha.
Karabo e nepahetseng ke C.

9.
Tšepe ea motlakase e na le thermostat e khaolang motlakase ka bohona ha tšepe e fihla mochesong o itseng. Keketseho ea mocheso e etsa hore sekontiri sa bimetallic se kobehe, joalo ka ha ho bontšitsoe setšoantšong. Sena se etsahala hobane…
A. Mocheso o itseng oa tšepe (B) o moholo ho feta mocheso o itseng oa tšepe (A)
B. Mocheso o itseng oa tšepe (B) o monyane ho feta mocheso o itseng oa tšepe (A)
C. Koefficient ea katoloso e otlolohileng ea tšepe (B) e kholo ho feta koefficient ea katoloso e otlolohileng (A)
D. Koefficient ea katoloso e otlolohileng ea tšepe (B) e nyane ho feta koefficient ea katoloso e otlolohileng (A)
Puisano
Bimetal e na le tšepe A le tšepe B tse nang le li-coefficient tse fapaneng tsa katoloso e otlolohileng. Ho latela setšoantšo se kaholimo, ha mocheso o eketseha, tšepe A e bonahala e sekamela ho tšepe B. Kahoo, ho ka fihleloa qeto ea hore bakeng sa keketseho e tšoanang ea mocheso, tšepe A e na le katoloso e otlolohileng haholoanyane ha tšepe B e na le katoloso e nyane e otlolohileng. Keketseho ea bolelele ba tšepe A e kholo ho feta ea tšepe B, ka hona tšepe A e na le coefficient e kholo ea katoloso e otlolohileng ho feta tšepe B.
Karabo e nepahetseng ke D.

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