Mosebetsi oa Gearbox ho Wind Turbine le Kamoo e Sebetsang Kateng
Liturbine tsa moea ke e 'ngoe ea mahlale a matla a nchafatsoang a sebelisoang haholo, a fetolang matla a kinetic a moea hore e be matla a motlakase. Leha ho le joalo, ka mor'a mahare a maholo, a potolohang butle le ponahalo e bonahalang e le bonolo, ho na le letoto la likarolo tsa mechine le tsa motlakase tse sebetsang ka ho nepahala ho hoholo. Karolo e 'ngoe ea bohlokoa mefuteng e mengata ea liturbine tsa moea ke lebokose la li-gear. Karolo ena e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho fetoleng motsamao o liehang oa ho potoloha ha rotor ho ea ho o potlakileng, e leng se nolofalletsang jenereithara ho hlahisa motlakase hantle. Sengoloa sena se tšohla mosebetsi oa lebokose la li-gear ka har'a turbine ea moea le hore na le sebetsa joang.
Karolo ea Gearbox Sistemeng ea Wind Turbine
Ka kakaretso, dirothara tsa turbine ya moya (di-blade le hub) di potoloha ka lebelo le tlase haholo. Bakeng sa di-turbine tsa moya tse sebediswang ka tekanyo ya thuso (mohlala, 1–5 MW), lebelo la torque hangata le tloha ho 5–20 rpm, ho itshetlehile ka moralo, boholo ba torque, le lebelo la moya. Ho sa le jwalo, dijenereithara tse ngata tsa motlakase tse tlwaelehileng di sebetsa ka katleho e kgolo ka lebelo le phahameng haholo la ho potoloha, hangata makgolo ho isa ho diketekete tsa rpm.
Mona ke moo lebokose la li-gear le fetohang borokho ba mechini pakeng tsa litlhoko tsena tse peli tse fapaneng. Lebokose la li-gear le sebetsa ho eketsa lebelo la ho potoloha ha shaft e hokahantsoeng le rotor (shaft e lebelo le tlase) ho lekana le litlhoko tsa shaft ea jenereithara (shaft e lebelo le phahameng). Ntle le lebokose la li-gear—ntle le meralong e itseng—lijenereithara li tlameha ho etsoa ka ho khetheha ho hlahisa matla a phahameng ka lebelo le tlase, e leng se atisang ho etsa hore jenereithara e be kholoanyane, e boima, le e theko e boima haholo.
Mosebetsi o ka Sehloohong oa Lebokose la Li-gear ho Wind Turbine
1. Eketsa lebelo la ho potoloha (Lebelo le Phahameng)
Mosebetsi o ka sehloohong oa lebokose la li-gear ke ho eketsa rpm. Mohlala, haeba rotor e potoloha ka 15 rpm 'me jenereithara e hloka 1500 rpm ho hlahisa maqhubu a itseng a motlakase ka katleho, joale ho hlokahala karolelano ea lebokose la li-gear ea hoo e ka bang 1:100. Sena se bolela hore bakeng sa phetoho e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe shaft e liehang, ho tla ba le liphetoho tse lekholo shaft e potlakileng.
2. Ho Fetola Torque
Ha lebelo le ntse le eketseha, torque ea fokotseha (ho nahanoa ka tahlehelo). Rotor e hlahisa torque e kholo ka lebaka la matsoho a malelele a rotor le matla a moea. Lebokose la gear ha le "potlakise" ho potoloha feela empa hape le thusa ho fetola litšobotsi tsa torque ho lumellana le meeli ea ts'ebetso le litšobotsi tsa jenereithara le likarolo tse ling tsa drive.
3. Abela Matla ka Bokgoni
Mabokose a li-gear a etselitsoe ho fetisa matla a mangata ka tahlehelo e fokolang. Le hoja ho se mohla a sebetsang hantle ka 100%, li-gearbox tsa sejoale-joale tsa turbine ea moea li ka fihlella katleho e phahameng ka moralo o nepahetseng oa li-gear, setlolo se setle le thepa e matla.
4. Fokotsa Moroalo o Fetohang ho Jenereithara
Maemo a moya ha a fetohe. Ho na le diphefo tse matla, moferefere, le diphetoho tseleng. Sistimi ya phetiso, ho kenyeletswa le lebokose la gear (hammoho le clutch le dikarolo tse ding tse tshehetsang), e thusa ho fokotsa diphetoho tse ding tsa mojaro e le hore jenereithara e se ke ya ba le tshohanyetso ya mechine e tobileng.
5. E tšehetsa Moralo o Sebetsang oa Nacelle
Nacelle ke "ntlo" e ka holim'a tora ea turbine e bolokang likarolo tse kholo. Lebokose la gear le lumella jenereithara ho ba nyane le ho ba bobebe ho feta jenereithara e lebelo le tlase. Sena se lumella moralo oa nacelle ho ba le sebopeho le theko e tlase, leha lebokose la gear ka bolona le eketsa likarolo tsa tlhokomelo.
Likarolo tsa Motheo tsa Lebokose la Gearbox la Turbine ea Moea
Lebokose la lebokose la turbine ea moea ka kakaretso le na le:
– Shaft e lebelo le tlase: e amohela potoloho ho tsoa ho rotor.
– Mekhahlelo ea li-gear: maemo a 'maloa a li-gear ho eketsa potoloho butle-butle.
– Shaft e lebelo le phahameng: e hokahantsoe le jenereithara.
– Li-bering le matlo: tšoara shaft 'me u boloke botsitso le ho otloloha.
– Sistimi ea ho tlotsa: pompo ea oli, sefe, sehatsetsi le mela ea oli ho fokotsa khohlano le mocheso.
– Sistimi ea tlhokomelo: li-sensor tsa mocheso, likaroloana tsa tšepe oling, ho thothomela le khatello ea oli.
Li-gear tse ngata tsa turbine ea moea li sebelisa motsoako oa li-gear tsa polanete bakeng sa mohato oa pele le li-gear tsa helical bakeng sa mekhahlelo e latelang. Li-gear tsa polanete lia tsebahala hobane li ka fetisa torque e ngata sebakeng se senyenyane haholoanyane.
Kamoo Gearbox e Sebetsang Kateng Turbine ea Moea
1. Moea o Phetla Rotor
Ha moea o feta holim'a propeller, sebopeho sa aerodynamic sa mahare se hlahisa ho phahama, e leng se etsang hore rotor e phethohe. Lebelo la ho potoloha le tlase haholo, empa torque e phahame.
2. Rotor e potoloha butle ka hara shaft.
Ho potoloha ha rotor ho fetisetsoa ho shaft e liehang. Shaft ena e etselitsoe ho ba matla hobane e tlameha ho mamella torque e kholo le meroalo ea mechini e tsoang sebopehong sa rotor.
3. Sethaleng sa Gearbox se Eketsa Lebelo Butle-butle
Ka hare ho lebokose la li-gear, ho potoloha ho tloha shaft e liehang ho fepeloa mekhahlelong e 'maloa ea li-gear. Mokhahlelong oa lipolanete, li-gear tsa letsatsi, li-gear tsa lipolanete, le li-gear tsa selikalikoe li sebetsa 'moho ho eketsa lebelo. Ebe, mohato oa helical o eketsa lebelo la ho potoloha ho fihlela lebelo leo sepheo se lebeletsoeng le fihlelloa.
Keketseho ea lebelo e etsahala butle-butle hobane:
– E fokotsa kgatello e feteletseng le kgatello hodima para ya gear.
– Eketsa ts'epo le bophelo ba tšebeletso.
– E etsa hore moralo o be bonolo hore o be mokgutshwane haholoanyane.
4. Jenereithara ea Li-Drive tsa Shaft tse Potlakileng
Kamora ho feta mekhahlelong ea li-gear, shaft e potoloha ka potlako ka lebelo le phahameng haholo, e khanna rotor ea jenereithara. Ebe jenereithara e fetola matla a mechini hore e be matla a motlakase ka ho kenya motlakase ka motlakase.
5. Sistimi ea Taolo e Boloka Ts'ebetso e Tsitsitseng
Leha lebokose la li-gear le sebetsa ka mechine, ts'ebetso ea lona e hokahane le sistimi ea taolo ea turbine. Taolo ea molumo (ho lokisa sekhutlo sa lehare) le taolo ea yaw (e shebileng turbine ho ea moeeng) li thusa ho boloka lebelo la ho potoloha le le sebakeng se sireletsehileng, li thibela lebokose la li-gear le jenereithara ho sebetsa ho feta meeli ea tsona.
Ke Hobane'ng ha Li-turbine Tsohle tsa Moea li sa Sebelise Li-gearbox?
Liturbine tse ling tsa sejoale-joale li sebelisa moralo oa ho khanna ka kotloloho (ntle le lebokose la li-gear). Moralong ona, rotor e hokahantsoe ka kotloloho le jenereithara e kholo e ka sebetsang ka lebelo le tlase la rpm. Sena se na le molemo oa ho fokotsa likarolo tsa mechini tse ka senyehang, ka hona ho nolofatsa tlhokomelo. Leha ho le joalo, hangata ho khanna ka kotloloho ho hloka jenereithara e kholo le tšebeliso ea thepa ea makenete e sa feleng e turang, hammoho le boima bo phahameng ba nacelle.
Ka hona, khetho ea ho sebelisa lebokose la li-gear kapa direct-drive e itšetlehile ka lintho tse lokelang ho nahanoa ka moralo: litšenyehelo, tlhokomelo, boima, bokhoni le maemo a ts'ebetso.
Mathata le Tlhokomelo ea Gearbox
Lebokose la gear ke e 'ngoe ea likarolo tse batloang haholo ka har'a turbine ea moea hobane:
– Ho ba le phetoho ya meroalo ka lebaka la ho feto-fetoha ha moya.
– Ho sebetsa nako e telele libakeng tse atisang ho ba mpe haholo (tse mongobo, tse batang, tse letsoai libakeng tse lebōpong la leoatle).
– E bonolo ho tlotsa le ho silafatsoa.
Ka hona, tlhokomelo ea bohlokoa e kenyelletsa:
– Tlhahlobo ea boleng ba oli (ho teteana, tšilafalo ea tšepe, metsi).
– Tlhokomelo ea ho thothomela ho lemoha ho tsofala ha lisebelisoa/li-bearing.
– Laola mocheso ho thibela ho chesa haholo.
– Nkela difiltara le oli sebaka nako le nako ho latela dikgothaletso tsa moetsi.
Qetello
Lebokose la gearbox ka har'a turbine ea moea le bapala karolo ea bohlokoa, le hokahanya rotor e liehang, e nang le torque e phahameng le jenereithara e potolohang ka potlako. Ka ho eketsa lebelo la ho potoloha, ho lokisa torque, le ho tsitsisa phetiso ea matla, lebokose la gearbox le nolofalletsa turbine ho hlahisa motlakase ka katleho. Ts'ebetso ea eona e itšetlehile ka mekhahlelo e mengata ea gear - hangata motsoako oa polanete le helical - 'me e tšehetsoa ke litsamaiso tsa ho tlotsa le ho lekola boemo. Leha ho na le mekhoa e meng ea ho khanna ka kotloloho, li-gearbox li ntse li sebelisoa haholo hobane li fana ka tekano e ntle lipakeng tsa boholo ba jenereithara, litšenyehelo le ts'ebetso.
Haeba o batla, nka eketsa karolo e bonolo ea setšoantšo (dayagrama ea phallo ea matla ho tsoa ho rotor → lebokose la li-gear → jenereithara) kapa ka kenyelletsa mehlala ea likarolelano tsa lebokose la li-gear holim'a turbine e itseng ho etsa hore sengoloa se be sa botekgeniki haholoanyane.
