Mefuta ea Li-depositi tsa Diminerale
Li-depositi tsa diminerale e bile motheo oa nts'etsopele ea indasteri le tsoelo-pele ea theknoloji historing eohle ea batho. Ho tloha matlotlong a khauta a ruileng a tsoelo-pele ea boholo-holo ho ea ho silicon e teng hohle lisebelisoa tsa elektronike tsa sejoale-joale, liminerale li bopile tsela ea boiteko ba batho. Ho utloisisa mefuta ea li-depositi tsa diminerale ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho ntša ka katleho le ka mokhoa o tsitsitseng. Sengoloa sena se hlahloba mefuta e fapaneng ea li-depositi tsa diminerale, se hlahloba sebopeho sa tsona, litšobotsi le bohlokoa ba tsona.
1. Li-depositi tsa Magmatic
Masalla a magmatic a thehoa ka ho toba ho tsoa ho kristale ea magma. Ha magma e ntse e pholile le ho tiea, liminerale lia kristaleha 'me li bokellana ka mekhahlelo kapa libaka tse fapaneng. Masalla ana a fana ka leruo la liminerale tsa bohlokoa. Mefuta ea bohlokoa ea masalla a magmatic e kenyelletsa:
a. Litšitiso tse nang le Mealo
Litšitiso tse nang le mekhahlelo ke 'mele e meholo, e kang lakane ea lefika la igneous e entsoeng ka ho pholisa butle le ho kristaleha ha magma ka har'a lekoko la Lefatše. Chromite, magnetite, le litšepe tsa sehlopha sa platinum (PGMs) li ntšoa haholo-holo ho tsoa lipolaneteng tsena. Sebaka sa Bushveld Igneous se Afrika Boroa ke mohlala o motle.
b. Li-Pegmatite
Li-pegmatite ke mafika a igneous a nang le lithollo tse ngata haholo a thehoang nakong ea mekhahlelo ea ho qetela ea magma crystallization. Li tsebahala ka ho ba le likristale tse kholo le tse sa tloaelehang tsa liminerale tse kang spodumene (mohloli oa lithium), beryllium (beryllium), le tourmaline.
2. Li-depositi tsa Mocheso oa Metsi
Li-depositi tsa hydrothermal li thehoa ho tsoa maro a chesang, a nang le liminerale tse ngata a fallang ka har'a lekoko la Lefatše. Li-depositi tsena ke tse ling tsa mehloli ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ea litšepe. Li arotsoe ka lihlopha ho latela tikoloho ea tsona ea ho thehoa le litšobotsi tsa mokelikeli.
a. Li-depositi tsa Methapo
Methapo e melang e hlaha ha maro a metsi a nang le diminerale tse ngata a tlatsa mapetso le mapetso mafikeng a seng a ntse a le teng. Methapo ena e ka fuwa dimethara tse ngata tsa bohlokwa tse kang kgauta le silevera, hammoho le koporo, loto le zinki.
b. Li-depositi tsa Porphyry
Madi a porphyry a bopeha mefuteng e meholo, e tlase ya majwe a bohlokwa a tswang marong a metsi a tswang moyeng o chesang a amanang le mosebetsi wa seretse se chesang. Ke mohlodi o moholo wa koporo, molybdenum le kgauta. Madi a hasantswe ho pholletsa le lefika la moamohedi, e leng se etsang hore ho epollwa ha dikoti tse bulehileng e be mokgwa o atlehang wa ho ntsha. Morafo wa Bingham Canyon, Utah, ke mohlala o ka sehloohong.
c. Li-depositi tsa Epithermal
Maro a epithermal a bopeha haufi le bokaholimo ba Lefatše, ka hare ho lik'hilomithara tse 'maloa ho tloha karolong e ka holimo ea lefatše, ho tsoa maro a tsoang masimong a geothermal. Ke mehloli ea bohlokoa ea khauta le silevera 'me hangata a amahanngoa le libaka tsa seretse se chesang.
3. Li-depositi tsa lithōle
Marotholi a sedimentary a hlaha ka lebaka la ho bokellana le ho kopana ha dikarolwana tsa diminerale dibakeng tsa sedimentary. Marotholi ana a stratiform, ho bolelang hore a hlaha majweng a sedimentary a nang le mealo.
a. Li-depositi tsa Placer
Li-deposit tsa placer li thehoa ho tsoa ho bongata ba liminerale tse boima tse etsoang ke metsi a phallang. Khauta, taemane, ilmenite le rutile li atisa ho fumanoa li-depositeng tsena. Li-deposit tsa khauta tse tummeng nakong ea California Gold Rush le li-placer tsa taemane Namibia ke mehlala ea khale.
b. Dibopeho tsa Tshepe e Tlamilweng (BIFs)
Li-BIF ke mehloli ea bohlokoa ea tšepe. Li na le mekhahlelo e fapanyetsanang ea liminerale tse nang le tšepe le silika. Majoe ana a khale a sedimentary, a entsoeng lilemong tse fetang limilione tse likete tse 2.5 tse fetileng, a bonahatsa liphetoho tse kholo sepakapakeng le biosphere ea Lefatše. Mehlala e hlahelletseng e kenyelletsa Hamersley Range e Australia.
c. Li-depositi tsa mouoane
Masalla a mouoane a hlaha ka ho fetoha mouoane ha metsi a letsoai ka har'a libaskete tse koetsoeng. Halite (letsoai la lejoe), gypsum le potash ke liminerale tsa bohlokoa tse tsoang ho mouoane. Libaka tse kholo tsa letsoai tsa Bonneville, Utah, li bontša masalla a joalo.
d. Li-depositi tsa Phosphorite
Masala a phosphate ke mehloli ea bohlokoa ea lefats'e ea phosphorus, e leng phepo ea bohlokoa bakeng sa kholo ea limela. Majoe ana a sedimentary a ruile ka liminerale tsa phosphate, tseo hangata li thehoang libakeng tsa leoatle. Masala a mangata a Morocco ke a mang a maholohali lefatšeng.
4. Li-depositi tsa Metamorphic
Metsotso e fetohang e hlaha ka lebaka la phetoho ea mafika a seng a ntse a le teng tlas'a maemo a khatello e phahameng le mocheso. Ts'ebetso ena e ka lebisa karohanong ea liminerale tsa bohlokoa libakeng tse kopaneng.
a. Li-Skarn
Li-skarne li thehoa moo litšitiso tsa igneous li kopanang le mafika a carbonate, e leng se lebisang ho metamorphism e kholo le ho thehoa ha liminerale tsa calc-silicate. Ke mehloli ea bohlokoa ea tungsten, koporo, khauta le garnet.
b. Li-depositi tsa Greenschist le Amphibolite Facies
Li-depositi tsena li thehoa tlas'a maemo a fapaneng a khatello le mocheso nakong ea phetoho ea libaka. Liminerale tsa bohlokoa tse kang talc, graphite, le kyanite li atisa ho amahanngoa le li-facies tsena tsa metamorphic. Lebanta la Variscan Europe le na le mehlala e mengata.
5. Li-depositi tse setseng
Masala a mesaletsa a thehoa ka lebaka la ho putlama ha lik'hemik'hale tse matla mafikeng, e leng se lebisang ho bokellaneng ha liminerale tse sa qhibiliheng.
a. Li-Laterite
Maro a lateritic a hlaha libakeng tsa tropike le tsa subtropic moo pula e nang haholo. A ruile ka tšepe le aluminium oxides. Bauxite, e leng oli e ka sehloohong ea aluminium, e nkiloe haholo-holo ho tsoa maro a lateritic. Maro a bohlokoa a bauxite a fumanoa Australia, Guinea le Brazil.
b. Nickel Laterites
Masala a nickel laterite a hlaha ka lebaka la ho putlama ho matla ha mafika a ultramafic, e leng se fellang ka ho thehwa ha mobu o nang le nickel e ngata. Masala ana a bohlokwa bakeng sa ho ntshwa ha nickel mme a fumanwa dinaheng tse kang Indonesia, Philippines le New Caledonia.
6. Li-depositi tsa Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide (VMS)
Li-depositi tsa VMS li ruile ka liminerale tsa sulfide, tse entsoeng fatše kapa haufi le leoatle ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ea hydrothermal e amanang le lits'ebetso tsa seretse se chesang. Ke mehloli ea bohlokoa ea koporo, zinki, loto, khauta le silevera. Morafo oa Kidd Creek Canada ke o mong oa li-depositi tse kholo ka ho fetisisa tsa VMS lefatšeng ka bophara.
fihlela qeto e
Ho utloisisa mefuta e fapaneng ea li-depositi tsa liminerale le mekhoa ea tsona e ikhethang ea ho thehoa hoa bohlokoa bakeng sa ho ntšoa ha mehloli e sebetsang hantle le e tšoarellang. Mofuta o mong le o mong oa li-depositi o fana ka fensetere ea nalane ea jeoloji ea Lefatše 'me o fana ka mehloli ea bohlokoa e tšehetsang sechaba sa sejoale-joale. Mekhoa e tsitsitseng ea merafo le mekhoa e tsoetseng pele ea ho hlahloba e tla netefatsa hore li-depositi tsena tsa bohlokoa tsa liminerale li tsoela pele ho kenya letsoho tsoelo-peleng ea batho melokong e tlang.
