Su'aalo iyo qaacidooyin tusaale ah oo loogu talagalay qalabka weyneeya muraayadaha
1. Cilmi-baare ayaa baaraya caleen isagoo isticmaalaya muraayad qaloocan oo dhererkeedu yahay 25/3 cm oo ah muraayad weynaynaysa. Weedha saxda ah ayaa sax ah?
(1) Weyneynta xagasha waxay la mid tahay 4 haddii sawirka ugu dambeeya ee shayga uu 25 cm u jiro.
(2) Weyneynta xagasha waxay la mid tahay 3 haddii sawirka ugu dambeeya ee shayga uu yahay mid aan dhammaad lahayn.
(3) Awoodda muraayadda qaloocan waa 12 Diopters
(4) Masaafada sawirka dhabta ah waa 25/3 cm haddii masaafada shaygu tahay 50/3 cm.
Dood
(1) Qaaciddada loogu talagalay weynaynta xagasha muraayadda weynaynta marka sawirka kama dambaysta ahi uu joogo masaafo cayiman (isha ayaa ugu badnaan la qabsan karaa)
M = Ma / f + 1
M = xagal weyneyn ah oo muraayadda weyneyneysa ah, N = meel u dhow isha caadiga ah (25 cm), f = dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda weyneyneysa ah
M = 25: 25/3 + 1 = 25 x 3/25 + 1 = 3 + 1 = 4
Bayaanka 1aad waa run
(2)
Qaacidada loogu talagalay weyneynta xagasha muraayadda weyneynta marka sawirka kama dambaysta ahi uu yahay mid aan dhammaad lahayn (ugu yaraan ku habboonaanta isha)
M = Ma / f
M = xagal weyneyn ah oo muraayadda weyneyneysa ah, N = meel u dhow isha caadiga ah (25 cm), f = dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda weyneyneysa ah
Weyneynta xagasha muraayadda weyneysada:
M = 25: 25/3 = 25 x 3/25 = 3
Bayaanka 2aad waa run
(3) Awoodda muraayadda qaloocan
P = 1/f = 1: 25/3 = 1 x 3/25 = 3/25 Diopters
Bayaanka 3aad waa khaldan yahay
(4) Masaafada sawirka dhabta ah
1/s' = 1/f – 1/s
1/s' = 1:25/3 – 1:50/3
1/s' = 1×3/25 – 1×3/50
1/s' = 3/25 – 3/50
1/s' = 6/50 – 3/50
1/s' = 3/50
s' = 50/3
Bayaanka 4aad waa khaldan yahay
Isha su'aasha:
Su'aalaha Fiisigiska ee SBMPTN
Sida lagu sharraxay mowduuca muraayadaha weyneynta , shay wuxuu u muuqdaa mid yar marka laga eego meel aad u fog wuxuuna u muuqdaa mid weyn marka laga eego meel fog. Farqiga cabbirka walxaha ay aragto isha waxaa sababa farqiga xagasha u dhaxaysa isha iyo shayga. Marka shay uu aad uga fog yahay isha, xagasha u dhaxaysa isha iyo shayga way yar tahay si sawirka ku samaysma isha uu sidoo kale u yaraado. Taas beddelkeeda, marka shaygu u dhow yahay isha, xagasha u dhaxaysa isha iyo shayga ayaa weyn si sawirka ku samaysma isha uu sidoo kale u weynaado. Inta isha ugu dhow, xagasha u dhaxaysa isha iyo shayga ayaa sii weynaanaysa si sawirka ku samaysma isha uu sidoo kale u weynaado. Waa in la ogaadaa in meesha ugu dhow ee isha caadiga ah ee aadanaha celcelis ahaan ay tahay 25 cm sidaa darteed masaafada u dhaxaysa isha iyo shaygu ma noqon karto mid ka yar 25 cm. Waxaa lagu soo gabagabeyn karaa in xagasha u dhaxaysa isha caadiga ah ee aadanaha celcelis ahaan iyo shayga, ay leedahay qiimaha ugu badan marka masaafada u dhaxaysa isha iyo shaygu ay tahay 25 cm.
Haddii ka dib marka loo soo dhawaado masaafada 25 cm u jirta isha caadiga ah, shay aan si cad loo arki karin, markaa waa lagama maarmaan in la sameeyo muraayad weyneyn ah si ay isha uga caawiso inay aragto shayga. Muraayad weyneysa ama weyneysa fudud ayaa u shaqeysa inay ballaariso xagasha u dhaxaysa isha iyo shayga. Awoodda muraayadda weyneysada ay u leedahay inay weyneyso sawirka shayga waxaa lagu muujiyaa xagasha weyneynta (M) ee muraayadda weyneyntaMuraayad weyneyn leh oo leh 2x weyneyn ah ayaa hubaal ka wanaagsan muraayad weyneyn leh oo leh 1x weyneyn ah. Weyneyn xagaleedku way ka duwan tahay weyneyn toosan; si aad u fahamto farqiga, fadlan baro mawduuca weyneynta xagasha (M) iyo weyneynta toosan (m).
Fahmidda Weyneynta Xagasha Weyneynta
Weynaynta xagasha (M) ee muraayadda weynaynta waa saamiga xagasha u dhaxaysa isha iyo sawirka shayga (θ') marka shayga lagu eego muraayadda weynaynta, ilaa xagasha u dhaxaysa isha iyo shayga (θ) marka shayga si toos ah looga eego meesha u dhow isha caadiga ah. Xisaab ahaan:
M = θ' / θ
Qaaciddada Guud ee Weyneynta Xagasha Weyneynta
Qaacidda guud ee weyneynta xagasha waxaa si faahfaahsan loogu sharraxay qaybta soo socota. Si aad u fahanto, fiiri sawirka hoose.
Jaantuska 1aad, shayga waxaa si toos ah looga daawanayaa meesha ugu dhow isha caadiga ah..
N = barta u dhow isha caadiga ah
θ = xagal u dhexeeya isha iyo labada daraf ee shayga
h = dhererka shayga.
Jaantuska 2aad, shayga waxaa lagu arkayaa muraayad weyneysa..
s = masaafada u dhaxaysa shayga iyo muraayadda
θ' = xagal u dhexeeya wareegga iyo labada daraf ee shayga
h = dhererka shayga
Haddii xagashu yar tahay markaa tangent θ ≈ θ
θ = h / N
θ' = h / s
Qaacidda guud ee weyneynta xagasha (M) ee muraayadda weyneynta:
Sharaxaad: M = weyneyn xagal, N = meel u dhow isha caadiga ah, s = masaafada u dhaxaysa shayga iyo muraayadda weyneyneysa. Kani waa qaacidada guud ee lagu weyneynayo xagasha muraayadda weyneyneysa. Waxaa loogu yeeraa qaacido guud sababtoo ah masaafada u dhaxaysa shayga iyo muraayadda weyneyneysa (s) ma aha qiimo gaar ah laakiin waxay noqon kartaa qiimo kasta.
Qaacidada loogu talagalay weyneynta xagasha ee muraayadda weyneynta marka isha ay ugu yaraan ku habboon tahay
Ka warran haddii, marka la daawanayo shay iyadoo la isticmaalayo muraayad weyneysa, isha indha-indheyntu ay si yar u qaabilayso? Haddii ishu ay si yar u qaabilayso, masaafada sawirku waa mid aan dhammaad lahayn. Si sawirku u ahaado mid aan dhammaad lahayn, masaafada u dhaxaysa shayga iyo muraayadda weyneysadu waa inay la mid noqotaa dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda weyneysada (isbarbardhig sharraxaadda mawduuca muraayadaha weyneysada ). Fiiri sawirka hoose.
Jaantuska 3aad, shayga waxaa si toos ah looga daawanayaa meesha ugu dhow isha caadiga ah..
N = barta u dhow isha caadiga ah
θ = xagal u dhexeeya isha iyo labada daraf ee shayga
h = dhererka shayga.
Jaantuska 4aad, shayga waxaa lagu arkayaa muraayad weyneysa halkaas oo isha indha-indheeyaha ay ugu yaraan ku habboon tahay..
s = masaafada u dhaxaysa shayga iyo muraayadda = f = dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda weyneysada
θ' = xagal u dhexeeya wareegga iyo labada daraf ee shayga
h = dhererka shayga
Haddii xagashu yar tahay markaa tangent θ ≈ θ
Qaacidada weyneynta xagasha (M) ee muraayadda weyneynta marka isha ay ugu yaraan ku habboon tahay:
Sharaxaad: M = weyneyn xagal, N = meel u dhow isha caadiga ah, f = dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda weyneyneysa.
Isle'egtan waxay muujinaysaa in weynaynta xagasha (M) ee muraayadda weynaynta ay si liddi ku ah ugu dhigan tahay dhererka diiradda (f) ee muraayadda weynaynta. Inta ay le'eg tahay dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda weynaynta, ayaa yar weynaynta xagasha. Taas beddelkeeda, dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda weynaynta oo yar, ayaa weynaynta xagasha oo weynaynta. Muraayadda weynaynta asal ahaan waa muraayad qaloocan, sidaa darteed waxaa ugu wanaagsan in la isticmaalo muraayad qaloocan oo leh dherer diiradda yar ama muraayad qaloocan oo leh gacan yar oo qaloocan si weynaynta xagasha ee muraayadda weynaynta ay u weynaato.
Qaacidada loogu talagalay weyneynta xagasha ee muraayadda weyneynta marka isha ay ugu badnaan ku habboon tahay
Ka warran haddii, marka la daawanayo shay iyadoo la isticmaalayo muraayad weynaynaysa, isha indha-indheeyaha ay si ugu badan u qaabilayso? Haddii isha ay si ugu badan u qaabilayso, masaafada sawirka ee ay soo saarto muraayadda weynayntu waxay la mid tahay meesha u dhow isha caadiga ah. Sawirku waa mid casri ah, sidaa darteed masaafada sawirka (yada) waa taban.
Marka masaafada sawirka (s') ay la mid tahay barta u dhow isha caadiga ah (N) markaa masaafada (s') ee shayga:
Haddii xagashu yar tahay markaa tangent θ ≈ θ
Qaacidada weyneynta xagasha (M) ee muraayadda weyneynta marka isha ay ugu badnaan ku habboon tahay:
Sharaxaad: M = weyneyn xagal, N = meel u dhow isha caadiga ah, f = dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda weyneyneysa.
Isbarbardhig qaacidada weyneynta xagasha ee muraayadda weyneynta marka isha ay ugu yaraan la jaanqaadayso qaacidada weyneynta xagasha ee muraayadda weyneynta marka isha ay ugu badnaan la jaanqaadayso . Iyada oo lagu saleynayo labada qaacido, waxaa lagu soo gabagabeyn karaa in weyneynta xagasha ee muraayadda weyneynta ay ka weyn tahay marka isha ay ugu badnaan la jaanqaadayso. Markaa haddii aad aragto qoraal aad u yar oo isticmaalaya muraayadda weyneynta, cabbirka qoraalku wuxuu u muuqan doonaa mid weyn marka isha ay ugu badnaan la jaanqaadayso.
