Maitiro ekuchengetedza uye kudzoreredza Databases muSQL Server
SQL Server isystem yekutarisira database (DBMS) inoshandiswa zvakanyanya munyika yeIT pakutarisira data. Kuchengetedza nekudzorera mabasa maviri akakosha anofanira kunzwisiswa nevatariri vedatabase kuti vave nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwedata uye kudzoreredzwa kwaro kana system ikakundikana, kuora, kana kurasikirwa nedata. Chinyorwa chino chichataura nezvematanho ekuchengetedza nekudzorera database muSQL Server zvakadzama uye zvakajeka.
Sei Backup uye Dzorera Zvichikosha?
Kuchengetedza data (backup) inzira yekukopa data kubva kudhatabhesi kuenda kunzvimbo yakachengeteka. Izvi zvakakosha kudzivirira kurasikirwa nedata kunogona kuitika nekuda kwekutadza kushanda kwehardware, kukanganisa kwevanhu, kurwiswa kwemalware, kana njodzi dzechisikigo. Kudzosera data kubva kudhatabhesi kuenda kusystem yekutanga kana itsva kuti udzorere data kubva kudhatabhesi kune mamiriro aro ekutanga.
Matanho ekuchengetedza database muSQL Server
Kune nzira dzakasiyana siyana dzekuchengetedza database muSQL Server. Heano maitiro akajairika:
1. Backup kuburikidza neSQL Server Management Studio (SSMS)
SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) chishandiso chakanakisa cheGUI chekutarisira SQL Server, kusanganisira kuita ma backups edatabase.
1. Vhura SSMS:
- Vhura SSMS wobva wapinda muSQL Server yako.
2. Sarudza Database:
- MuObject Explorer, wedzera "Databases" uye sarudza database yaunoda kuchengetedza.
3. Tanga Maitiro Ekuchengetedza:
– Dzvanya kurudyi pane database yakasarudzwa, wobva wasarudza “Mabasa” > “Back Up”.
4. Kugadziriswa Kwekuchengetedza:
– Muhwindo rekuti “Back Up Database”, sarudza rudzi rwekuchengetedza (Full, Differential, kana Log). Kuchengetedza kwakazara ndiko kunonyanya kushandiswa.
– Taura nzvimbo yekuchengetedza, kungave padhisiki kana tepi. Dzvanya bhatani rekuti “Wedzera” kuti utsanangure nzvimbo yekuchengetedza faira yekuchengetedza (.bak).
5. Tanga Backup:
– Dzvanya “Zvakanaka” kuti utange kuchengetedza. Mirira kuti maitiro acho apedziswe uye iva nechokwadi chekuti hapana zvikanganiso zvinoonekwa.
2. Backup kuburikidza neT-SQL
Imwe nzira yekutsigira ndeyekushandisa Transact-SQL (T-SQL).
1. Vhura Mupepeti weMibvunzo:
- Vhura SSMS wobva wapinda muSQL Server instance, wobva wavhura New Query window.
2. Nyora Backup Script:
– Nyora chinyorwa cheT-SQL chinotevera kuti uite backup. Tsiva `YourDatabaseName` nezita rako re database, uye `FilePath\YourBackup.bak` nenzira ye backup destination.
"sql"
DATA REKUBVA RATIDZIRO RENYUDATA RENYU
KUDHISK = 'C:\Backup\YourBackup.bak'
NEFOMU,
MEDIANAME = 'SQLServerBackups',
ZITA = 'Kuchengetedza Kwakazara Zita Renyu reDatabase';
``
3. Kuitwa kweScript:
– Isa gwaro racho nekudzvanya bhatani rekuti “Execute” kana kuti F5. Mirira kuti maitiro acho apedziswe.
3. Kuchengetedza otomatiki uchishandisa hurongwa hwekugadzirisa
Kuti uite ma backups otomatiki uye akarongwa, unogona kushandisa Maintenance Plans muSQL Server.
1. Vhura Murongi weMaintenance Plan:
– MuObject Explorer, wedzera “Management”, tinya kurudyi-kurudyi “Maintenance Plans”, wobva wasarudza “Maintenance Plan Wizard”.
2. Kugadzirisa Purogiramu:
- Tevedzera matanho ari muwizard kuti utsanangure purogiramu yekuchengetedza, rudzi rwekuchengetedza, uye nzvimbo yekuchengetera.
3. Chengetedza uye Simbisa:
- Kana zvapera, chengetedza hurongwa hwekugadzirisa uye iva nechokwadi chekuti hwasimbiswa uye hwaitwa zvinoenderana nehurongwa hwako hwakatarwa.
Matanho Ekudzorera Database muSQL Server
Maitiro ekugadzirisa data anopesana nemaitiro ekuchengetedza data. Heino maitiro ekugadzirisa data uchishandisa SSMS neT-SQL.
1. Dzorera kuburikidza neSQL Server Management Studio (SSMS)
1. Vhura SSMS:
- Vhura SSMS wobva wapinda muSQL Server yako.
2. Tanga Maitiro Ekudzoreredza:
– Dzvanya kurudyi pa "Databases" muObject Explorer, wobva wasarudza "Restore Database".
3. Dzorera Kugadzirisa:
- Muhwindo rekuti "Restore Database", sarudza sarudzo ye "Device" wobva wadzvanya bhatani rekuti "..." kuti uwane faira rekuchengetedza (.bak) rawakagadzira kare.
- Kana faira rasarudzwa, sarudza dhatabhesi raunoda kudzoreredza.
4. Sarudza Sarudzo dzeKudzorera:
– Pasi pechikamu che “Restore options”, iva nechokwadi chekuti wasarudza sarudzo yakakodzera yakaita sekuti “Overwrite the existing database” kana uchida kutsiva database iripo.
- Unogona zvakare kusarudza kushandura nzira dzedata nelog file kana zvichidikanwa.
5. Tanga Kudzoreredza:
– Dzvanya “Zvakanaka” kuti utange kugadzirisa. Mirira kuti maitiro acho apedziswe uye iva nechokwadi chekuti hapana zvikanganiso.
2. Dzorera kuburikidza neT-SQL
1. Vhura Mupepeti weMibvunzo:
- Vhura SSMS wobva wapinda muSQL Server instance, wobva wavhura New Query window.
2. Nyora Script yeKudzosera:
– Nyora script inotevera yeT-SQL kuti udzorere. Tsiva `YourDatabaseName` nezita rako redhatabhesi uye `FilePath\YourBackup.bak` nenzira yefaira rekuchengetedza.
"sql"
DZORERA DATABASE Zita reDatabase rako
KUBVA KUDISK = 'C:\Backup\YourBackup.bak'
NECHITSIVISO;
``
3. Kuitwa kweScript:
– Isa gwaro racho nekudzvanya bhatani rekuti “Execute” kana kuti F5. Mirira kuti maitiro acho apedziswe.
Mazano uye Maitiro Akanakisisa
1. Ita ma backups nguva dzose:
- Iva nechokwadi chekuti unochengetedza makopi edatabase yako nguva nenguva. Ronga makopi ekuchengetedza otomatiki kana zvichibvira.
2. Chengetedza Backup yacho munzvimbo yakachengeteka:
– Chengeta mafaira ekuchengetedza panzvimbo yakachengeteka yakasiyana nesevha huru. Semuenzaniso, nzvimbo yekuchengetera data yegore, dhiraivha yekunze, kana dhiraivha yetepi.
3. Kusimbiswa Kwekuchengetedza:
- Mushure mekuita backup, gara uchisimbisa kuti faira re backup riri kushanda uye rinogona kudzoserwa. Unogona kudzorera ku database yekuyedza kuti usimbise izvi.
4. Tarisa Maitiro Ekuchengetedza Nekudzorera:
- Gara uchitarisa maitiro ekuchengetedza uye kudzoreredza kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti anofamba zvakanaka uye pasina zvikanganiso.
5. Nyora Maitiro Ekuita:
- Gadzira magwaro akazara ekuchengetedza nekudzorera kuti zvive nyore kuti timu yeIT izive matanho ekutora kana paine emergency.
Mhedziso
Kuchengeta nekudzorera ibasa rakakosha kune wese mutariri wedhatabhesi. Uchishandisa SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) kana T-SQL scripts, unogona kuchengetedza nekudzorera dhatabhesi yako zviri nyore. Iva nechokwadi chekuti unochengeta mafaira ekuchengetedza nguva dzose uye unochengetedza mafaira ekuchengetedza munzvimbo yakachengeteka kudzivirira kurasikirwa nedata. Pamusoro pezvo, tarisa uye tarisa maitiro acho nguva nenguva kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti data rako rakachengeteka uye ragadzirira kudzorerwa kana zvichidikanwa.
