Kusiyanisa Mhando dzeZvirwere zveHuku
Kurima huku chikamu chakakosha chekurima pasi rose. Chinopa mapuroteni akakosha muchimiro chemazai nenyama. Zvisinei, zvirwere zvehuku zvinotyisidzira zvikuru kugadzirwa kwezvipfuyo zvidiki nekwemabhizinesi. Kunzwisisa mhando dzakasiyana dzezvirwere zvehuku, zvikonzero zvazvo, zviratidzo, uye nzira dzekudzivirira kwakakosha pakuchengetedza mapoka emhuka ane hutano uye kuona kuchengetedzwa kwechikafu. Chinyorwa chino chinoongorora mhando dzakasiyana dzezvirwere zvehuku uye chinosimbisa hunhu hwazvo hunosiyanisa.
1. Zvirwere zvehutachiona
a. Chirwere cheNewcastle (ND):
Chirwere cheNewcastle chirwere chinotapukira zvikuru chinobata shiri dzemazera ese. Chinokonzerwa neAvian Paramyxovirus. ND inoonekwa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana kubva padiki kusvika pakanyanya, ichikanganisa kufema, kugaya, uye tsinga. Zviratidzo zvinosanganisira kukosora, kuhotsira, manyoka egirini, uye mitsipa yakakombama muzviitiko zvakakomba.
Kudzivirira: Kubaya majekiseni kuchiri nzira inoshanda zvikuru yekudzivirira. Maitiro ekuchengetedza zvipenyu, akadai sekurambidza kupinda munzvimbo dzepurazi uye kushambidza michina, anobatsirawo kuderedza kupararira kwezvirwere.
b. Furuwenza yeAvian (AI):
Furuwenza yeshiri, inozivikanwa zvikuru sefuruwenza yeshiri, inokonzerwa nemavhairasi efuruwenza yerudzi rweA. Inotapuriranwa kuburikidza nekubata zvakananga shiri dzine utachiona kana nzvimbo dzine utachiona. Zviratidzo zvinosanganisira kufema zvisina kunaka, kuzvimba kwemusoro, kudzikira kwekugadzirwa kwemazai, uye kufa kamwe kamwe.
Kudzivirira: Matanho ekuparadzanisa shiri, tsika dzakanaka dzehutsanana, uye kubaya nhomba munzvimbo dzine utachiona husina kupararira zvinobatsira mukuderedza hutachiona hweHIV. Kutarisa kuwanda kweshiri dzemusango dziri mumapurazi kwakakosha kudzivirira kutapurirana kwechirwere ichi.
2. Zvirwere zveMabhakitiriya
a. Korera yeHuku:
Korera yeFowl, inokonzerwa nePasteurella multocida, inobata huku, maturkey, nedzimwe mhando dzehuku. Inogona kuonekwa sechirwere chesepticemia kana chirwere chisingaperi. Zvirwere zvinokurumidza kufa zvine zviratidzo zvakaita sefivha, kufema zvakaoma, uye kuzvimba kwemajoini.
Kudzivirira: Hutsanana hwakanaka, matanho ekuchengetedza hutachiona, uye kubaya nhomba zvinoshanda. Kubvisa makonzo nezvimwe zvinogona kutakurwa kubva munzvimbo dzehuku kwakakosha.
b. Chirwere chePullorum:
Chirwere chePullorum, chinokonzerwa neSalmonella pullorum, chinonyanya kubata vana vadiki. Chinoratidzwa nemanyoka machena, kufema zvakaoma, uye huwandu hwakawanda hwekufa. Vanopona vanogona kutapurira zvipembenene uye kuva nengozi kwenguva refu kumapoka.
Kudzivirira: Kuedza nekuuraya shiri dzine utachiona, pamwe nekuwana nhiyo kubva kunzvimbo dzinoberekesa shiri dzine huremu dzisina chirwere, zvinobatsira mukudzivirira chirwere chePullorum.
3. Zvirwere zveParasitic
a. Coccidiosis:
Coccidiosis inokonzerwa nezvipembenene zvinopararira mudumbu (Eimeria spp.) zvinopinda mudumbu. Zviratidzo zvinosanganisira manyoka, kudzikira kwehuremu, kusachinja kudya zvakanaka, uye dzimwe nguva ropa riri mutsvina. Inowanikwa munzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda uye dzisina kuchena.
Kudzivirira: Mishonga inorwisa coccidiosis iri muchikafu chemhuka, kutarisira marara zvakanaka, uye kufura nekuchinjana kwemafuro kunobatsira kudzora coccidiosis. Kubaya majekiseni kunogona kushandiswawo mumapoka emhuka ari pangozi.
b. Zvipembenene zvekunze:
Inda, zvikwekwe, nenhata ndizvo zvipembenene zvinopararira kunze kwehuku. Kupararira kwezvirwere kunokonzera kutsamwa, kurasikirwa neminhenga, kudzikira kwekugadzirwa kwemazai, uye kupererwa neropa. Zvikwekwe zvinogonawo kutapurirana zvimwe zvirwere zvakaita sechikwekwe.
Kudzivirira: Kuongorora nguva dzose, kugeza guruva, kurapa dzimba dzehuku nemishonga inouraya zvipembenene inobvumirwa, uye kuchengetedza utsanana matanho akakosha.
4. Zvirwere zvefungus
a. Aspergillosis:
Aspergillosis, inozivikanwawo sebrooder pneumonia, inokonzerwa nefungus inonzi Aspergillus fumigatus. Inowanzo kanganisa kufema kwevana vadiki neshiri dzine simba rekudzivirira muviri. Zviratidzo zvinosanganisira kufema nehasha, kufema zvisina kunaka, uye maronda machena mumapapu.
Kudzivirira: Kufefetera zvakanaka, kuchengetedza marara akaoma, uye kudzivirira chikafu nemagumbeze ane chakuvhuvhu zvinogona kudzivirira kupararira kwezvirwere.
b. Thrush:
Chirwere cheThrush, chinokonzerwa neCandida albicans, chinokanganisa nzira yekugaya chikafu, zvichikonzera zviratidzo zvakaita sekushaya chido chekudya, machena mumuromo, uye manyoka. Chinowanzo batanidzwa nekushandisa mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kwenguva refu.
Kudzivirira: Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya uye kuchengetedza hutano hweboka rose remhuka zvinoderedza njodzi yekubatwa nethrush. Kudzivisa kushandisa mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya zvakanyanya kwakakoshawo.
5. Zvirwere Zvinovaka Muviri
a. Maronda:
Maronda anokonzerwa nekusaenzana kana kushomeka kwecalcium, phosphorus, uye vhitamini D3 mukudya. Zviratidzo zvinosanganisira mapfupa asina simba kana akaremara, kusakura zvakanaka, uye kusada kufamba.
Kudzivirira: Kuve nechokwadi chekuti kudya kwakaringana uye kune mavhitamini nemaminerari akakodzera kwakakosha kudzivirira maronda.
b. Fatty Liver Hemorrhagic Syndrome (FLHS):
FLHS inokonzerwa nekudya simba rakawandisa, kunyanya muhuku. Zviratidzo zvinosanganisira kufa kamwe kamwe, makomba machena, uye mafuta akawanda mumuviri.
Kudzivirira: Kutarisira kudya simba uye kukurudzira kudya kwakakwana kunogona kudzivirira FLHS. Kukurudzira kurovedza muviri kuburikidza nekupa nzvimbo yakakodzera kunobatsirawo.
mhedziso
Kusiyanisa mhando dzezvirwere zvehuku kwakakosha pakugadzirisa nekudzivirira zvirwere zvinobudirira. Pasinei nekusiyana kwezvikonzero, kuisa matanho akaomarara ekuchengetedza zvipenyu, kuchengetedza hutsanana hwakanaka, uye kushandisa zvirongwa zvekudzivirira zvirwere zvinoramba zviri zvakakosha mumapoka ese ezvirwere. Kuonekwa nekukurumidza uye kupindira nekukurumidza kunogona kuderedza kurasikirwa, kuve nechokwadi chekuti mapurazi ehuku anogara kwenguva refu uye anobatsira. Varimi, vanachiremba vemhuka, uye maindasitiri akabatana vanofanirwa kushanda pamwe chete kuti vafambise mberi nzira dzekuongorora, kuwedzera kudzivirira zvirwere, uye kukurudzira dzidzo pamusoro penzira dzakanakisisa dzekutarisira huku. Nekuita izvi, hutano nekugara zvakanaka kwemapoka ehuku zvinogona kuchengetedzwa, zvichizopedzisira zvabatsira mukuwanikwa kwechikafu pasi rose.
