Kufunika kwa Machitidwe Olamulira Ma Pitch mu Ma Turbine a Mphepo
Mphamvu zongowonjezedwanso zikuchulukirachulukira kukhala gawo lofunika kwambiri pakuyesetsa kwapadziko lonse lapansi kuchepetsa mpweya woipa womwe umatulutsa komanso kuchepetsa kudalira mafuta. Ukadaulo wina wofunikira pakuchita izi ndi turbine ya mphepo, yomwe imasintha mphamvu ya mphepo kukhala magetsi. Komabe, kuti zitsimikizire kuti ma turbine a mphepo akugwira ntchito bwino komanso motetezeka, njira zosiyanasiyana zowongolera zimafunika. Njira imodzi yotereyi ndi njira yowongolera ma phula, yomwe imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakugwira ntchito bwino komanso chitetezo cha turbine ya mphepo.
Kumvetsetsa Machitidwe Olamulira Ma Pitch
Dongosolo lowongolera mapitch ndi njira yomwe imasintha ngodya ya masamba a turbine ya mphepo poyerekeza ndi mphepo. Mwa kusintha ngodya iyi, dongosolo lowongolera mapitch lingathe kukonza mphamvu yopangidwa ndi turbine ya mphepo ndikuteteza turbine ku kuwonongeka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha mphepo yamphamvu kwambiri. Kusinthaku nthawi zambiri kumachitika zokha pogwiritsa ntchito masensa osiyanasiyana kuti azindikire momwe mphepo imakhalira ndikusintha ngodya ya tsamba moyenerera.
Ntchito Zazikulu za Pitch Control System
Kukonza Mphamvu
Cholinga chachikulu cha makina owongolera mapitch ndikuwonetsetsa kuti turbine ya mphepo imapanga mphamvu zambiri pansi pa mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana ya mphepo. Pa liwiro la mphepo lotsika mpaka lapakati, makina owongolera mapitch amasintha ngodya ya tsamba kuti igwire mphepo bwino, ndikuwonjezera liwiro lozungulira la rotor, motero, mphamvu yopangidwa.
Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, pamene liwiro la mphepo lafika pamalo pomwe turbine ingawonongeke kapena pamene mphamvu yotulutsa yafika pamlingo wotetezeka kwambiri, makina owongolera mapitch amasintha ngodya ya tsamba kuti achepetse kuwonekera kwa mphepo. Izi zimadziwika kuti kupala kapena "kupindika" masamba, zomwe zimathandiza kuti turbine ikhale mkati mwa malire otetezeka ogwirira ntchito komanso kupewa kupitirira muyeso.
Keselamatan
Chitetezo ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pa kapangidwe ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka turbine ya mphepo. Mphepo yamphamvu kwambiri ingayambitse kupsinjika kwakukulu pa kapangidwe ka turbine, kuphatikizapo rotor, nacelle, ndi nsanja. Ngati sizikulamulidwa, izi zitha kubweretsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu kapena kulephera kwa kapangidwe kake. Dongosolo lowongolera ma phula limachepetsa chiopsezochi popotoza masamba a turbine kuti achepetse mphamvu yomwe mphepo imagwiritsa ntchito.
Kuphatikiza apo, pazochitika zadzidzidzi monga kulephera kwa makina kapena magetsi, makina owongolera mapitch amatha kusintha masamba nthawi yomweyo kukhala pamalo otetezeka kuti ayimitse kuzungulira kwa rotor mwachangu, kupewa kuwonongeka kwina.
Ukadaulo mu Machitidwe Owongolera Ma Pitch
Masensa ndi Ma Actuator
Masensa ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri la makina owongolera ma pitch, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi anemometer ndi sensor ya liwiro la rotor. Masensa awa amapereka deta yeniyeni yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa ngodya yoyenera ya tsamba. Ma actuator ndi zigawo zomwe zimasintha ngodya ya tsamba kutengera malangizo ochokera ku unit yowongolera. Ma actuator awa akhoza kukhala ma hydraulic kapena ma electric motors, kutengera kapangidwe ka turbine.
Algorithm Yowongolera
Njira yowongolera ndi gawo lanzeru la njira yowongolera ma pitch yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito deta ya masensa kuti ipange zisankho zabwino kwambiri. Njira izi zimatha kuyambira pa zowongolera zosavuta za PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) mpaka njira zowongolera zamakono zochokera ku luntha lochita kupanga. Cholinga chawo chachikulu ndikusintha ngodya ya tsamba mwachangu komanso molondola kuti ithane ndi kusintha kwa mphepo.
Kuphatikiza ndi SCADA Systems
Ma turbine ambiri amakono a mphepo ali ndi makina a SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) omwe amasonkhanitsa, kuyang'anira, ndi kusanthula deta kuchokera ku zigawo zosiyanasiyana za turbine. Makina a SCADA amathandiza kuyang'anira momwe turbine imagwirira ntchito ndipo amatha kupereka mayankho ofunikira ku makina owongolera ma pitch kuti agwire bwino ntchito.
Ubwino Wachuma ndi Zachilengedwe
Mphamvu Mwachangu
Mwa kukonza ma angles a masamba kuti agwirizane ndi mphepo zosiyanasiyana, njira yowongolera ma phula imalola turbine kugwira ntchito bwino kwambiri. Izi zikutanthauza kuti magetsi ambiri amatha kupangidwa kuchokera ku gwero lomwelo la mphepo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu yoyera ituluke komanso kuchepetsa ndalama zopangira magetsi.
Kukulitsa Moyo wa Turbine
Kusintha koyenera kwa ngodya ya tsamba kumathandizanso kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa zida zamakina za turbine, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chipangizocho chikhale ndi moyo wautali. Mwa kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kukonza ndi kusintha zida, ndalama zogwirira ntchito zitha kuchepetsedwa.
Kusamalira Zachilengedwe
Ma turbine amphepo ogwira ntchito bwino komanso odalirika amathandiza kwambiri pa ntchito yapadziko lonse yochepetsa mpweya woipa wa carbon. Mwa kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mphamvu ya mphepo, mphamvu yamagetsi yochokera ku zinthu zongowonjezwdwa imawonjezeka, motero amachepetsa kudalira mafuta ndi zotsatira zake zoipa pa chilengedwe.
Mavuto pa Kukhazikitsa
Mtengo ndi Zovuta
Ngakhale kuti pali zabwino zambiri zomwe zimaperekedwa, kukhazikitsa njira yowongolera ma voti sikopanda mavuto. Chimodzi mwa zopinga zazikulu ndi mtengo. Zigawo zapamwamba kwambiri za masensa, ma actuator, ndi ma processor ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri ndipo zimawonjezera ndalama zonse zomwe zimafunika.
Kuphatikiza apo, zovuta zaukadaulo za makina awa zimafuna chidziwitso chapadera komanso ukatswiri pakupanga, kukhazikitsa, ndi kukonza. Ma turbine okhala ndi makina owongolera ma phula angafunike maphunziro owonjezera kwa akatswiri okonza.
Kudalirika
Kudalirika kwa makina owongolera mapilo ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri. Kulephera kulikonse kwa makina kumatha kupha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magwiridwe antchito achepe kapena ngozi ichitike. Chifukwa chake, kudalirika ndi kulimba kwa makinawo kumafunika kuyesedwa mwamphamvu kuti zitsimikizire kuti akhoza kugwira ntchito bwino m'malo ovuta.
Kuphatikiza kwa Machitidwe
Kuphatikiza kwa makina owongolera ma turbine ndi zida zina za turbine, kuphatikizapo chipangizo chachikulu chowongolera ndi makina a SCADA, kuyeneranso kukonzedwa mosamala. Kusalumikizana bwino kwa deta kapena mavuto okhudzana ndi kuyanjana kwa deta kungachepetse kugwira ntchito bwino kwa makina onse a turbine.
Mapeto
Dongosolo lowongolera ma phula mu turbine ya mphepo ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakuwonetsetsa kuti turbine ikugwira ntchito bwino komanso motetezeka. Mwa kusintha ngodya ya masamba a turbine kuti igwirizane ndi nyengo zosiyanasiyana za mphepo, dongosololi limagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakukonza mphamvu zomwe zimatulutsa, kukulitsa moyo wa chipangizocho, komanso kusunga chitetezo chogwira ntchito.
Ngakhale kukhazikitsa njira yowongolera ma phula kumafuna ndalama zoyambira zambiri ndipo ndizovuta kwambiri, phindu la nthawi yayitali limaposa ndalama ndi khama. Ukadaulo uwu sumangowongolera magwiridwe antchito azachuma a ma turbine amphepo komanso umathandizira kukhazikika kwa chilengedwe powonjezera mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso ku gridi yamagetsi yapadziko lonse lapansi.
Kupita patsogolo kwa masensa, ma algorithms owongolera, ndi ukadaulo wa actuator kudzapitiliza kukonza magwiridwe antchito ndi magwiridwe antchito a makina owongolera ma phula, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakupanga mphamvu zamphepo mtsogolo.
