Nkhani yokhudza ma diagram a Ray a magalasi olumikizana (ozungulira)
Ngati chinthu chili mbali imodzi ya lenzi yozungulira, lenzi yozungulira imatha kupanga chithunzi cha chinthucho. Ngati malo a chinthucho mbali imodzi ya lenzi yozungulira amadziwika, kodi mungajambule bwanji kapangidwe ka chithunzi cha chinthucho? Tiyerekeze kuti chinthucho chili mbali yakumanzere ya lenzi yozungulira, monga momwe tawonetsera pansipa.
Mzere wa lalanje = mandala ozungulira
Mzere wabuluu = mzere waukulu
Muvi (wobiriwira) = chinthu
F 1 = kutalika kwa focal 1 ndi F 2 = kutalika kwa focal 2
Chithunzi cha chithunzi cha chinthucho chimapezeka pojambula mizera yonse ya kuwala yomwe ikudutsa mu chinthucho, koma izi sizothandiza kwenikweni chifukwa padzakhala mizere yambiri yoyimira mizera ya kuwala. Kuti zikhale zosavuta, mizera yochepa chabe ya kuwala imasankhidwa kuti iyimire mizera yonse ya kuwala yomwe ikudutsa mu chinthucho. Popeza chochitikachi chimakhudza kukana kuwala, lamulo la kukana kuwala liyenera kutsatiridwa pojambula kapangidwe ka chithunzicho.
Kuwala kwa magetsi atatu kapena kuwala kwa magetsi atatu
Ray 1:
Mzere 1 kapena kuwala 1 komwe kumabwera ku lens yozungulira kumakokedwa molingana ndi mzere waukulu wa lens ndikukhudza kumapeto kwa chinthucho,
kenako nkusinthidwa ndi lenzi yozungulira, komwe kuwala kozungulira kuyenera kudutsa pamalo ofunikira 2. Miyezi yolowera ndi kuwala kozungulira komwe kumakokedwa kuyenera kukwaniritsa lamulo la kusinthasintha kwa kuwala.
Ray 2:
Ray 2 kapena kuwala 2 komwe kumabwera ku lens yozungulira kumakokedwa kuti kudutsa malo ofunikira 1 ndikukhudza kumapeto kwa chinthucho,
Kenako imasinthidwa ndi lenzi yozungulira, komwe kuwala kozungulira kuyenera kufanana ndi mzere waukulu. Miyezi yolowera ndi kuwala kozungulira komwe kumakokedwa kuyenera kukwaniritsa lamulo la kusinthasintha kwa kuwala.
Ray 3:
Mzere wachitatu kapena kuwala kwachiwiri komwe kumabwera ku lenzi yozungulira kumakokedwa kuti kudutse pamalo pomwe lenzi yozungulira imakumana ndi mzere waukulu ndikukhudza kumapeto kwa chinthucho; kenako kuwalako kumatumizidwa patsogolo.
Kupangidwa kwa chithunzi (mithunzi iwiri)
Kupangidwa kwa chithunzi kungajambulidwe pogwiritsa ntchito ma ray awiri okha, monga momwe tawonetsera pansipa. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito ma ray awiri, pali zithunzi zitatu zomwe zingatheke kupangidwa.
Ray 1 ndi 2
Ray 1 ndi 3
Ray 2 ndi 3
Chithunzi cha kapangidwe ka chithunzi pogwiritsa ntchito kuwala kuwiri kokha chiyeneranso kusinthidwa ndi mtunda wa chinthu kuchokera ku lenzi yozungulira. Ngati mtunda wa chinthu kuchokera ku lenzi yozungulira uli monga momwe zilili pachithunzi pamwambapa, pali njira zitatu zojambula kapangidwe ka chithunzicho pogwiritsa ntchito kuwala kuwiri kokha. Ngati mtunda wa chinthu kuchokera ku lenzi yozungulira uli wosiyana ndi chithunzi pamwambapa, mwachitsanzo, chinthucho chili pakati pa malo ofunikira ndi pakati pa kupindika,
ndiye palibe chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito njira zitatu zojambula kapangidwe ka chithunzicho, mwina pali njira ziwiri zokha zojambula.
Ngati mujambula chithunzi pogwiritsa ntchito lenzi yozungulira, mungasankhe njira imodzi.
Kupangidwa kwa chithunzi (ma ray atatu)
Kapangidwe ka chinthu kakhoza kujambulidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ma ray atatu, monga momwe tawonetsera pansipa.
Ngati mtunda wa chinthucho kuchokera ku lenzi yozungulira suli ngati chithunzi pamwambapa, mwachitsanzo, chinthucho chili pakati pa lenzi yozungulira ndi malo ozungulira, kapena chinthucho chili pakati pa malo ozungulira ndi pakati pa kupindika kwa lenzi yozungulira, ndiye kuti sikofunikira kujambula kapangidwe ka chithunzicho pogwiritsa ntchito njira zitatu monga chithunzi pamwambapa. Pakhoza kukhala njira ziwiri zokha zojambula kapangidwe ka chithunzicho.
- funso: Kodi ndi mitundu itatu iti ya kuwala yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pojambula zithunzi za kuwala kwa lenzi yolumikizana? yankho: Ma radi atatu akuluakulu ndi awa: (1) ray yofanana yomwe imabwera motsatizana ndi mzere waukulu ndipo imadutsa mbali yakutali ya focal pambuyo pa refraction; (2) ray yapakati yomwe imadutsa molunjika pakati pa lens popanda kupotoka; (3) ray yolunjika yomwe imayandikira lens yomwe imadutsa pafupi ndi focal ndikusiya lens yofanana ndi mzere waukulu.
- funsoKodi kuwala komwe kumadutsa pakati pa lenzi kumakhala bwanji mu chithunzi cha ray cha lenzi yolumikizana? yankho: Kuwala komwe kumadutsa pakati pa kuwala kwa lenzi kumapitirira mbali imodzi popanda kupindika. Izi zili choncho chifukwa chakuti pamwamba pa lenzi pa pakati pa kuwala ndi pofanana ndipo motero, palibe kusiyana kulikonse.
- funso: Mu chithunzi cha ray cha lens yolumikizana, kodi ray yomwe imayenda motsatira mzere waukulu imabwerera kuti? yankho: Mphepo yomwe imayenda motsatira mzere waukulu imabwerera m'mbuyo kudzera mu lens ndikudutsa pamalo ofunikira mbali ina ya lens.
- funsoKodi kuwala komwe kumadutsa pafupi ndi malo ofunikira kumachitika bwanji mu chithunzi cha kuwala cha lenzi yolumikizana? yankho: Mphepo yodutsa pafupi ndi malo ofunikira, ikangolowa, idzatuluka mu lens ndikuyenda motsatira mzere waukulu.
- funso: Mu chithunzi cha ray cha lenzi yolumikizana, kodi ray yobwerera m'mbuyo imakumana kuti pamene chinthucho chili kupitirira malo ofunikira? yankho: Pamene chinthucho chili pamwamba pa malo ofunikira, kuwala kobwerera m'mbuyo kumadutsa mbali ina ya lenzi, ndikupanga chithunzi chenicheni komanso chozungulira.
- funsoKodi kusonkhana kwa ma radiation opindika kumayimira chiyani mu chithunzi cha ma radiation cha lens yolumikizana? yankho: Kulumikizana kwa kuwala kobwerera m'mbuyo kumayimira malo a chithunzi chopangidwa ndi lenzi. Ichi chingakhale chithunzi chenicheni kapena cha pakompyuta, kutengera malo a chinthucho.
- funsoKodi malo a chithunzicho amasintha bwanji mu chithunzi cha ray pamene chinthucho chikuyenda kuchokera ku infinity kupita ku lens? yankho: Pamene chinthucho chikuyenda kuchokera ku chinthu chosatha kupita ku lenzi, chithunzicho chimasuntha kuchokera ku focal point yomwe ili mbali ina ya lenzi kupita ku infinity. Ngati chinthucho chidutsa focal point ndikubwera mkati mwake, chithunzicho chimakhala chowoneka bwino, choyimirira, komanso chokulirapo, ndipo chimawoneka ngati chili mbali yomweyo ya chinthucho.
- funso: Mu chithunzi cha ray cha lenzi yolumikizana, kodi ray yobwerera m'mbuyo imawoneka kuti ikusiyana ndi chiyani pamene chinthucho chili mkati mwa malo ofunikira? yankho: Chinthucho chikakhala mkati mwa malo ofunikira, kuwala kobwerera m'mbuyo kumawoneka ngati kukuchokera pamalo omwe ali mbali yomweyo ya lenzi ndi chinthucho, kusonyeza komwe kuli chithunzi chenicheni, choyimirira, komanso chokulitsidwa.
- funso: Kodi zikutanthauza chiyani ngati kuwala kozungulira mu chithunzi cha ray cha lenzi yolumikizana sikudutsana? yankhoNgati kuwala kobwerera m'mbuyo sikudutsana, zikutanthauza kuti chithunzi chomwe chapangidwacho ndi chenicheni. Izi zimachitika chinthucho chikayikidwa mkati mwa kutalika kwa lenzi. Pankhaniyi, kuwalako kumaoneka kuti kumasiyana kuchokera pamalo omwe ali kumbuyo kwa lenzi kumbali ya chinthucho.
-
Funso : Kodi zinthu zomwe zili mu lenzi zimakhudza bwanji chithunzi cha kuwala kwa lenzi yolumikizana? Yankho : Zinthu zomwe zili mu lenzi zimakhudza chithunzi chake cha kuwala. Chizindikiro chachikulu cha kuwala chimapangitsa kuti kuwala kupendeke kwambiri akalowa mu lenzi, zomwe zimasintha malo a malo ofunikira ndipo motero zimakhudza chithunzi cha kuwala chomwe chikubwera. Komabe, malamulo oyambira ojambula chithunzi cha kuwala amakhalabe omwewo.
