Nkhani yokhudza magalasi ozungulira (convex)
Tanthauzo la lens yozungulira
Mtundu umodzi wa lenzi womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku ndi lenzi yozungulira. Lenzi yozungulira ndi lenzi yokhala ndi pakati pokhuthala pomwe m'mbali mwake ndi zopyapyala. Lenzi yozungulira nthawi zambiri imakhala yozungulira ndipo imapangidwa ndi galasi kotero kuti lenziyo imakhala ndi refractive index yokwera kuposa refractive index ya mpweya.
Mitundu ya ma lens ozungulira
Kawirikawiri, pali mitundu itatu ya magalasi ozungulira, momwe mawonekedwe a magalasi ozungulira ali monga momwe tawonetsera pansipa (mawonekedwe am'mbali).
Kugwiritsa ntchito ma lens ozungulira
Ngati maso a munthu sangathe kuwona bwino zinthu zapafupi kapena kuwona patali, ndiye kuti angagwiritse ntchito lenzi yozungulira kapena lenzi yozungulira kapena lenzi yabwino kuti athandize maso ake kuona. Ma lenzi ozungulira amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa magalasi a maso kapena ma lenzi olumikizana kuti athandize anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kuwona pafupi. Lenzi yozungulira imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati galasi lokulitsa, zida zowunikira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makamera, ma binoculars, ndi ma telescope optics ndi ma microscopes optical.
Malo ofunikira kwambiri a lens yozungulira (F)
Yang'anani chithunzi chomwe chili m'mbali. Kuwala komwe kumachokera ku zinthu zomwe zili kutali kwambiri monga dzuwa kumayenderana ndi mzere waukulu wa lenzi. Mu chithunzicho, mzere waukulu wa lenzi ndi mzere wabuluu.
Kuwala kwa kuwala kumabwera pamwamba pa lenzi, komwe kumakhala kozungulira, ndipo lenziyo imasinthasintha kuwala kwa kuwala. Kusinthasintha kwa kuwala ndi lenzi yozungulira kumatsatira lamulo la kusinthasintha kwa kuwala. Kuwala konse komwe kukubwera kumasinthidwa ndi lenzi yozungulira kupita ku malo ofunikira a F.2 ndipo kuwala kwa nyali kumadutsa pamalo ofunikira.
Kuwala kwa kuwala kumabwerera ku focal point. Chifukwa chake, lens yozungulira imatchedwa convergent lens. Chifukwa kuwala konse kumadutsa pa focal point ya F2, tinganene kuti mfundo yaikulu ya F2 ndi malo omwe chithunzi cha chinthu chakutali kwambiri chili. Ngati kuwala kowala komwe kumachotsedwa ndi lenzi yozungulira kumachokera ku dzuwa, chithunzi cha dzuwa chidzawonekera pamalo ofunikira a F2.
Chifukwa kuwala kumadutsa mu focal point, focal point ya lens yozungulira ndi yeniyeni, ndipo chithunzi chomwe chili pamalo ozungulira ndi chenicheni.
Chithunzi cha lenzi yozungulira
Mosiyana ndi magalasi ozungulira omwe amatha kupanga zithunzi zenizeni zokha, magalasi ozungulira amatha kupanga zithunzi zenizeni ndi zithunzi zenizeni. Chithunzi chenicheni sichilipo koma ngati chilipo chifukwa diso la munthu limawona kuwala kukuyenda molunjika kotero kuti ubongo wa munthu umatsimikiza kuti chithunzicho chilipo. Ngati chophimba chiyikidwa pamalo pomwe pali chithunzi chenicheni, palibe chithunzi pazenera. M'malo mwake, chithunzi chenicheni chilipo. Ngati chophimba chiyikidwa pamalo pomwe pali chithunzi chenicheni, chithunzicho chimawonekera pazenera. Kupangidwa kwa chithunzicho ndi magalasi ozungulira kwafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane pamutu wa kapangidwe ka chithunzi ndi magalasi ozungulira.
- funso: Ndi chithunzi chamtundu wanji chomwe chimapangidwa ndi lenzi yolumikizana (yozungulira) pamene chinthucho chayikidwa kupitirira malo ofunikira? yankho: Chinthucho chikayikidwa kupitirira malo ozungulira a lenzi yolumikizana, chimapanga chithunzi chenicheni, chopindika, komanso chochepetsedwa kapena chokulirapo, kutengera mtunda wa chinthucho kuchokera ku lenzi.
- funsoKodi malo a chinthucho amakhudza bwanji kukula kwa chithunzi chomwe chimapangidwa ndi lenzi yolumikizana? yankho: Chinthucho chikakhala chosatha, chithunzicho chimakhala cha kukula kwa mfundo ndipo chili pamalo ofunikira. Pamene chinthucho chikuyandikira lenzi, kukula kwa chithunzicho kumawonjezeka. Chinthucho chikakhala pamalo ofunikira, chithunzicho chimakhala chachikulu kwambiri.
- funsoKodi chithunzi chopangidwa ndi lenzi yolumikizana chili kuti pamene chinthucho chili chosatha? yankho: Chinthucho chikakhala chosatha, chithunzicho chimapangidwa pamalo ofunikira mbali ina ya lenzi.
- funsoKodi kutalika kwa lenzi yolumikizana kumakhudza bwanji malo ndi kukula kwa chithunzicho? yankho: Kutalika kwa focal kochepa kungapangitse chithunzicho kuyandikira lens ndipo kudzakhala kochepa, pomwe kutalika kwa focal kotalikirako kungapangitse chithunzicho kupangika kutali ndi lens ndikukhala chachikulu, chifukwa mtunda wa chinthucho ndi wokhazikika.
- funsoKodi lenzi yolumikizana ingapange chithunzi chenicheni? yankhoInde, lenzi yolumikizana imatha kupanga chithunzi chenicheni pamene chinthucho chayikidwa mkati mwa kutalika kwa lenzi. Chithunzicho chidzakhala chenicheni, choyimirira, komanso chokulitsidwa.
- funsoKodi kusintha mtunda wa chinthu kumakhudza bwanji malo ndi mtundu wa chithunzi chopangidwa ndi lenzi yolumikizana? yankho: Pamene chinthucho chikuyandikira lenzi, chithunzicho chimachoka pa lenziyo n’kukhala chachikulu. Ngati chinthucho chasunthidwa mkati mwa kutalika kwa focal, chithunzicho chimakhala chowoneka bwino, choyimirira, komanso chokulirapo.
- funso: Chinthu chikayikidwa pamalo owonekera a lenzi yolumikizana, chithunzicho chidzakhala kuti? yankho: Chinthu chikayikidwa pamalo owonekera a lenzi yolumikizana, chithunzicho chimapangidwa nthawi yosatha.
- funsoKodi lenzi yolumikizana ingapange chithunzi choyimirira? yankhoInde, lenzi yolumikizana imatha kupanga chithunzi choyimirira, koma pokhapokha ngati chinthucho chayikidwa mkati mwa malo ofunikira. Pankhaniyi, chithunzi chomwe chapangidwacho chimakhala chowoneka bwino, choyimirira, komanso chokulirapo.
- funsoKodi zinthu zomwe zili mu lenzi (galasi, pulasitiki, ndi zina zotero) zimakhudza mawonekedwe a chithunzi chopangidwa ndi lenzi yolumikizana? yankho: Zinthu zomwe zili mu lenzi zimatha kukhudza kutalika kwa focal chifukwa cha zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana za refractive, zomwe zingakhudze malo ndi kukula kwa chithunzicho. Koma sizisintha lamulo lofunika: lenzi yolumikizana imapanga chithunzi chenicheni komanso chosinthika pamene chinthucho chili kupitirira malo ofunikira, ndi chithunzi chenicheni, choyima, komanso chokulirapo pamene chinthucho chili mkati mwa malo ofunikira.
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funso: Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ku chithunzi chopangidwa ndi lenzi yolumikizana pamene chinthucho chikusuntha kuchokera pamalo ofunikira kupita ku lenzi? yankho: Pamene chinthucho chikuyenda kuchokera pamalo olunjika kupita ku lenzi, chithunzicho chimachoka pa lenzi mbali inayo, chimakula, ndipo pamapeto pake chimakhala chithunzi chooneka ngati chenicheni, choyimirira, komanso chokulirapo pamene chinthucho chili mkati mwa malo olunjika.
