Nkhani yokhudza magalasi olumikizirana Kuwona patali Kuwona patali
Maso owonera pafupi amatha kusinthidwa kukhala abwinobwino pogwiritsa ntchito magalasi agalasi ndi magalasi olumikizirana. Magalasi owonera amaikidwa pagalasi, pomwe magalasi olumikizirana amaikidwa pa mboni ya diso. Magalasi ali ndi mtunda winawake kuchokera pa diso, pomwe magalasi olumikizirana amamatira ku diso kotero kuti mtunda pakati pa magalasi olumikizirana ndi diso unganyalanyazidwe.
Chitsanzo cha mavuto omwe munthu amene ali ndi vuto la kuwona pafupi komanso kuwona patali amakumana nawo ndi awa: mitundu ya magalasi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza maso, kutalika kwa lens ndi mphamvu yake. Izi zimayang'ana kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito magalasi olumikizana kuti asinthe mawonekedwe a maso ndi kuwona patali.
Diso loona patali ndi magalasi olumikizana
Mtunda wakutali kwambiri womwe munthu wosawona bwino ndi 50 cm. Kuti maso osawona bwino azitha kuona zinthu zopanda malire bwino, dziwani (a) mtundu wa lenzi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito, (b) kutalika kwa lenzi ndi mtundu wa lenzi, (c) mphamvu ya lenzi.
Magalasi olumikizana ali pafupi kwambiri ndi maso, choncho musanyalanyaze mtunda womwe uli pakati pa lenzi ndi diso. Mtunda pakati pa zinthu ndi chithunzi ndi magalasi olumikizana umaonedwa kuti ndi wofanana ndi mtunda womwe uli pakati pa zinthu ndi chithunzi ndi maso.
yankho;
(a) Mtundu wa lenzi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito
Ponena za kuwona pafupi, zafotokozedwa kuti lenzi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza maso owonera pafupi ndi lenzi yokhotakhota kapena lenzi yosiyana kapena lenzi yoyipa.
(b) Kutalika kwa lenzi
Zinthu zomwe zimawonedwa m'maso omwe amaona pafupi kudzera mu ma contact lenses zili patali kwambiri, kotero lenzi iyenera kupanga chithunzi pamtunda wa 50 cm kutsogolo kwa contact lens. Chithunzicho chili patsogolo pa lenzi, kotero chithunzicho ndi chenicheni (yerekezerani kufotokozera za kapangidwe ka chithunzicho ndi lenzi yokhotakhota)
Zodziwika:
Mtunda wa chinthu (do) = wopanda malire
Mtunda wa chithunzi (di) = -50 cm (zoipa zikutanthauza kuti chithunzicho ndi cha pa intaneti)
Kufunidwa: Kutalika kwa focal (f)
yankho;
1/f = 1/do + 1/di
1/f = 1/~ + (- 1/50)
1/f = 0 – 1/50
1/f = – 1/50
f = – 50/1 cm = -50 cm = -0.5 mamita.
Utali wa focal ndi woipa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti lenzi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi lenzi yokhotakhota kapena lenzi yosiyana.
(c) Mphamvu ya lenzi
P = 1/f = 1/-0.5 m = -2 Diopters
Mphamvu ya lenzi ndi -2 D. Chizindikiro chotsutsa chimatanthauza kuti lenzi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi lenzi yopingasa kapena lenzi yosiyana.
Kuwona pafupi kwa maso ndi magalasi olumikizirana
Mtunda wapafupi kwambiri womwe munthu wosawona bwino angaone bwino ndi 50 cm. Kuti munthu athe kuwerenga pa mtunda wa 25 cm monga diso lachizolowezi, dziwani (a) mtundu wa lenzi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito, (b) kutalika kwa lenzi, (c) mphamvu ya lenzi.
Magalasi olumikizana ali pafupi kwambiri ndi maso, choncho musanyalanyaze mtunda womwe uli pakati pa lenzi ndi diso. Mtunda pakati pa zinthu ndi chithunzi ndi magalasi olumikizana umaonedwa kuti ndi wofanana ndi mtunda womwe uli pakati pa chinthu ndi chithunzi ndi maso.
Anakonza
(a) Mtundu wa lenzi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito
Lenzi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza maso owonera pafupi ndi lenzi yozungulira kapena lenzi yolumikizana kapena lenzi yabwino.
(b) Kutalika kwa lenzi
Kuti chinthu chomwe chikuonedwa chikhale 25 cm patsogolo pa diso, lenzi iyenera kupanga chithunzi pa mtunda wa 50 cm kutsogolo kwa diso. Chithunzicho chili patsogolo pa lenzi, kotero chithunzicho chili choyimirira komanso chowoneka bwino.
Zodziwika:
Mtunda wa chinthu (do) = 25 cm
Mtunda wa chithunzi (di) = -50 cm (zoipa zikutanthauza kuti chithunzicho ndi cha pa intaneti)
Chifunidwa: Kutalika kwa lenzi yolumikizirana
yankho;
1/f = 1/do + 1/di
1/f = 1/25 + 1/-50
1/f = 2/50 – 1/50
1/f = 1/50
f = 50/1 = 50 cm = 0.5 mamita
Kutalika kwa focal ndi kwabwino kumatanthauza kuti lenzi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi lenzi yozungulira kapena lenzi yolumikizana kapena lenzi yabwino.
(c) Mphamvu ya lenzi
P = 1/f = 1/0.5 = +2 Diopters
Mphamvu ya lenzi ndi +2 D. Chizindikiro chabwino chimatanthauza kuti lenzi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi lenzi yozungulira kapena lenzi yolumikizana.
