1. Chinthu cha magalamu 500 , A, chikuyenda pa 10 m/s ndi chinthu cha magalamu 200, B, chikuyenda pa 12 m/s. Zinthuzo zimayandikirana ndipo zimagundana. Ngati liwiro la chinthu A pambuyo pa kugundana ndi 6 m/s, kodi liwiro la chinthu B pambuyo pa kugundana ndi lotani?
Zodziwika:
Kulemera kwa chinthu 1 (m 1 ) = magalamu 500 = 0.5 kg
Kulemera kwa chinthu 2 (m 2 ) = magalamu 200 = 0.2 kg
Liwiro loyambirira la chinthu 1 (v 1 ) = -10 m/s
Liwiro loyambirira la chinthu 2 (v 2 ) = 12 m/s
Liwiro lomaliza la chinthu 1 (v 1 ') = 6 m/s
Zizindikiro za kuphatikiza ndi kuchotsera zimasonyeza kuti zinthuzo zimayenda mosiyana.
Kufunidwa : liwiro lomaliza la chinthu 2 (v 2 ')
Yankho:
m1 v1 +m2 v2 = m1 v1' + m2 v2'
(0.5)(-10) + (0.2)(12) = (0.5)(6) + (0.2)(v 2 ')
-5 + 2.4 = 3 + 0.2 v 2 '
-2.6 = 3 + 0.2 v 2 '
-2.6 – 3 = 0.2 v 2 '
-5.6 = 0.2 v 2 '
v 2 ' = -5.6 / 0.2
v 2 ' = -28 m/s
Liwiro la chinthu 2 pambuyo pa kugundana ndi 28 m/s.
Zizindikiro za kuphatikiza ndi kuchotsera zimasonyeza kuti zinthuzo zimayenda mosiyana.
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2. Zinthu ziwiri zofanana zimayandikirana ndipo zimagundana. Liwiro la chinthu 1 ndi 6 m/s ndipo liwiro la chinthu 2 ndi 8 m/s. Pambuyo pa kugundana, chinthu 2 chimasuntha kumanzere ndi liwiro la 5 m/s. Kodi kukula ndi komwe kuli liwiro la chinthu 1 pambuyo pa kugundana ndi kotani?
Dziwani:
Kulemera kwa chinthu 1 (m 1 ) = m
Kulemera kwa chinthu 2 (m2 ) = m
Liwiro loyambirira la chinthu 1 (v 1 ) = -6 m/s
liwiro loyambirira la chinthu 2 (v 2 ) = 8 m/s
Liwiro lomaliza la chinthu 2 (v 2 ') = -5 m/s
Kufunidwa : kukula ndi komwe chinthu 1 chikupita pambuyo pa kugundana
Yankho:
Njira yosungira mphamvu yolunjika :
m1 v1 +m2 v2 = m1 v1' + m2 v2'
mv 1 + m v 2 = mv 1 ' + m v 2 '
m (v 1 + v 2 ) = m (v 1 ' + v 2 ')
v 1 + v 2 = v 1 ' + v 2 '
-6 + 8 = v 1 ' – 5
2 = v 1 ' – 5
2 + 5 = v 1 '
v 1 ' = 7 m/s
Liwiro la chinthu 1 pambuyo pa kugundana (v 1 ') ndi 3 m/s.
Zizindikiro za kuphatikiza ndi kuchotsera zimasonyeza kuti zinthuzo zimayenda mosiyana.
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3. Mpira wa 1-kg, mpira wa 1 ndi 2-kg, uli ndi mbali imodzi ndipo umagundana mopanda kusinthasintha. Mpira woyamba usanagundane, umayenda ndi liwiro la 10 m/s ndipo mpira wa 2 umayenda ndi liwiro la 5 m/s. Liwiro la mpira wa 2 pambuyo pa kugundana ndi 4 m/s. Dziwani liwiro la mpira woyamba pambuyo pa kugundana.
Zodziwika:
Mpira wolemera 1 (m1 ) = 1 kg
Mpira wolemera 2 (m2 ) = 2 kg
Liwiro la mpira 1 (v 1 ) = 10 m/s
Liwiro la mpira 2 (v 2 ) = 5 m/s
Liwiro lomaliza la mpira 2 (v 2 ') = 4 m/s
Chizindikiro chowonjezera cha liwiro chimasonyeza kuti mipira ili ndi mbali imodzi.
Kufunidwa : liwiro lomaliza la mpira 1 (v 1 ')
Yankho:
m1 v1 +m2 v2 = m1 v1' + m2 v2'
(1) (10) + (2) (5) = (1) (v 1 ') + (2) (4)
10 + 10 = v 1 ' + 8
20 – 8 = v 1 '
v 1 ' = 12 m/s
Liwiro la mpira 1 pambuyo pa kugundana ndi 12 m/s.
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