Me pēhea te whiriwhiri i tētahi taputapu mō te tā i ngā whakaahua taumira teitei
Ehara i te mea ko te "tiki i tētahi kōnae pai me te tā" anake te mahi tā i ngā whakaahua taumira teitei. Ko ngā hua koi, ngā tae tika, me ngā taipitopito tino pai ka pāngia e ngā taputapu e whiriwhiria ana e koe, mai i te momo pūreretā me te waituhi ki te pepa me ngā taputapu tautoko pēnei i te whakatikatika i te mata. E matapakihia ana i tēnei tuhinga me pēhea te whiriwhiri i ngā taputapu tika mō te tā whakaahua taumira teitei kia puta ai ngā hua āhua ngaio, ahakoa mō te whakaahua, te whakaahua, te hoahoa whakairoiro, te mahi toi rānei.
1. Kia mārama ki ō hiahia tā i te tuatahi
I mua i te hoko, i te whakamahi rānei i tētahi taputapu motuhake, me whakamārama mārama ō hiahia tā. Ētahi pātai hei whakautu:
– Rahi tānga: Ka tāia e koe he 10R, he A4, he A3, he A2, he rahi pānui rānei?
– Te kaupapa tānga: Hei whakaaturanga pakitara, hei putea mahi, hei hoko whakaahua, hei putumōhio hua, hei tuhi tuhinga noa iho rānei?
– Pāpāho tānga: Pepa whakaahua kanapa, pepa matte, pepa toi ataahua, kānawehi, pepa noa rānei?
– Te rahinga tānga: He maha ngā wā ka tāia e koe ngā rahinga nui (te whakaputanga) i ētahi wā rānei?
Mā ēnei whakaritenga ka whakatauhia te akomanga pūreretā, te momo waituhi, me ngā āhuatanga e hiahiatia ana. Hei tauira, he rerekē ngā taputapu e hiahiatia ana mō te tā whakaahua mō tētahi whakaaturanga i te tā whakaahua mō tētahi tono tari.
2. Kia aro ki te taumira me te kounga o te putanga pūreretā.
He tokomaha te hunga e aro ana ki te tau DPI (ngā ira ia inihi). Ahakoa he mea nui, ehara i te mea koinei anake te tohu. Ko ngā pūreretā whakaahua he maha ngā taumira teitei pērā i te 4800 × 1200 dpi, neke atu rānei, engari ka pāngia hoki te kounga whakamutunga e te pūnaha whakanoho ira, te kounga o te pane pūreretā, me ngā tae/waituhi i whakamahia.
Hei tā i ngā whakaahua taumira teitei, whiriwhiria he pūreretā e:
– He mea hanga motuhake mō te tā whakaahua, mō te mahi toi rānei
– He pai te whakahaere i ngā taipitopito whakarōpūtanga me te koi
– Tautoko i te aratau kounga teitei (whakaahua pai rawa atu/whakaahua pai rawa atu)
Heoi, kia maumahara me rawaka hoki he kōnae taumira teitei. Mō ngā tānga koi, ko te paerewa whānui ko te 300 PPI i te rahi tānga whakamutunga. Hei tauira, ko te tānga A4 (8,27 × 11,69 inihi) me whai rahi whakaahua tata ki te 2480 × 3508 pika.
3. Kōwhiria te momo pūreretā: Inkjet whakaahua, inkjet rēseri rānei
Mō te tānga whakaahua taumira teitei, ko ngā pūreretā waituhi waituhi (ina koa ko ngā waituhi waituhi whakaahua) te mea pai rawa atu. Ko ngā take matua ko:
– Ka taea te whakaputa i ngā panonitanga tae maeneene ake
– Ngā taipitopito whakaahua koi ake
– Tautoko whānui mō ngā whakaahua me ngā mahi toi
Ahakoa he pai ngā pūreretā taiaho mō ngā tuhinga me ngā tuhinga tere, he maha ngā wā kāore e pai mō ngā whakaahua ina tae atu ki te hōhonutanga o te tae me ngā whakawhiti rōnaki, ahakoa he pai ētahi tauira papai mō ētahi hiahia.
Mena he tānga whakaahua kounga teitei, he mahi toi rānei tōu whāinga, whiriwhiria he pūreretā whakaahua waituhi-pūwero hei kaupapa matua.
4. Tirohia te nui me te momo waituhi (pūnaha waituhi)
Ko tētahi o ngā mea nui e pā ana ki te kounga tā ko te pūnaha waituhi. Ko ngā pūreretā whakaahua nui e whakamahi ana i ngā tae waituhi he nui ake i te CMYK taketake. Ko te nui o te waituhi, ko te maeneene ake o ngā nekehanga me te tika ake o ngā tae.
Ētahi mea hei mōhio:
– CMYK (4 tae): he rawaka mō te tānga whānui, engari he maha ngā wā kāore i te maeneene mō ngā whakaahua.
– 6 ngā tae (hei tauira, he kikorangi mārama me he magenta mārama anō): he pai ake mō ngā whakaahua.
– 8–12 ngā tae (hina tāpiri, hina mārama, whero/kikorangi/karaka, me ētahi atu): he tino pai mō ngā mahi toi ataahua me te whakaahua ngaio.
Haunga te rahinga, me aro hoki ki te momo mangumangu:
– Waituhi tae: he "kanapa" ake, he koi ake ngā tae, he pai mō ngā whakaahua kanapa, engari he iti ake te ātete ki te wai/UV.
– Waituhi kei roto te tae: he pakari ake, he pai mō ngā mahi toi ataahua me ngā whakaaturanga, he pumau ake, he ātete hoki ki te memeha.
Mena kei te tā koe hei whakaatu, hei hoko rānei, ko ngā waituhi tae te mea tino pai.
5. Kia tika te rahi o te pepa me te tautoko ara pepa.
Kāore ngā pūreretā katoa e tautoko i te pepa matotoru, pepa rahi rānei. Mō te tānga kounga teitei, me whakamahi pea koe i te pepa matotoru, pepa kakano rānei. Nō reira, kia mōhio mai:
– Ngā rahi pepa mōrahi: A4, A3, A3+, tae atu ki te A2.
– Tautoko tānga kore rohe: he mea nui mō te tā whakaahua kāore he rohe mā.
– Whāngai ā-ringa o muri / whāngai ā-ringa o mua: he pai mō te pepa matotoru, te pepa toi ataahua, ngā rauemi motuhake rānei.
– Te āheinga ki te tā ki runga i ētahi momo pāpāho pēnei i te kānawehi, i te pepa toi rānei, he kakano tōna.
He maha ngā wā ka hiahiatia he ara tika ake mō te pepa kounga teitei hei ārai i te piko, i te piri rānei.
6. Kōwhiria he pepa e rite ana ki te kaupapa me te āhua o te ahua.
Ka tino ātaahua te āhua o ngā taumira teitei mēnā ka tautokona ngā taipitopito e te pepa. Ka taea e te pepa kino te hua ake he mangu ngā whakaahua, he ngaro ngā taipitopito, he hē rānei ngā tae.
Ngā momo pepa noa:
– Kanapa: he koi ngā tae, he kaha te rerekētanga, he pai mō ngā whakaahua.
– Āhua kanapa/Kanapanapa: he ātete ki ngā tapumati, he koi tonu, he mea tino pai ki te tini o ngā kaiwhakaahua.
– Hāmā: he āhua ngawari, he pai mō ngā whakaahua me ngā hoahoa iti noa.
– Pepa toi ataahua (miro kākahu, kakano): mō ngā mahi toi, āhua kounga teitei, he pai mō te waituhi tae.
Haunga te momo, kia aro ki te reanga (hei tauira, 200–300 gsm) me te hototahitanga o te pepa ki tō pūreretā.
7. Whakahaere tae: aroturuki, whakatikatika, me te kōtaha ICC
He mea noa te rerekētanga o ngā tānga mai i te whakaaturanga mata. Ko te take he whakahaere tae hē. Mō te tānga taumira teitei, he rite te hiranga o te tika o te tae ki te koi.
Ngā taputapu hei tautoko i te whakahaere tae:
– He matawai whānui te whānuitanga o ngā tae (he pai te sRGB, he pai ake te tautoko i te AdobeRGB/DP3)
– Te ine tae mō te whakaaturanga ōrite
– Kōtaha ICC mō te huinga pūreretā-waituhi-pepa
Whakamahia te kōtaha ICC a te kaihanga pepa, hangaia rānei tāu ake mēnā ka taea. Mā tēnei ka tata ake ngā tae e puta mai ana ki te hoahoa taketake, inā koa mō ngā mahi ngaio.
8. Whakaarohia te pūmanawa tā me te reremahi
Me tautoko e te pūreretā pai te rere o te mahi kia maeneene. Ka taea e koe te whakamahi i ngā pūmanawa pēnei i a Adobe Photoshop/Lightroom, Affinity Photo, i ngā pūmanawa kua hangaia ki roto i te pūreretā rānei hei whakahaere i:
- te rahi me te tauine
– te whakakoi motuhake ki te putanga
– te whāinga whakaatu (te ine tae ā-tirohanga/ā-whanaungatanga)
– te whakamātao ngohengohe i mua i te tānga
Mā te whakatikatika ngohengohe ka āwhina koe ki te "whakatauira" i te tānga ki runga i te mata i runga i te kōtaha ICC, kia taea ai e koe te whakatika i te tae, i te kanapa rānei i mua i te moumou pepa me te mangumangu.
9. Tātaihia ngā utu whakahaere: te waituhi, te tiaki, me te pakari.
Kāore e tika ana kia ohanga te mīhini tā iti te utu. Mō te tānga kounga teitei, he nui ngā whakapaunga mō te mangumangu me te pepa. Whakaarohia:
– te utu me te kaha o te kātereti/tāke
– te whakamahinga waituhi i te wā e horoi ana/tiaki ana
– te wātea o te mangumangu taketake me te tautoko
– ātete tā (ātete memeha)
Ki te tā pinepine koe, ka nui ake te hua o tētahi pūreretā me te pūnaha waituhi whai hua, pumau hoki mō te wā roa.
10. Ngā tohutohu mō te whiriwhiri i ngā taputapu i runga i ngā āhuatanga whakamahinga
Hei whakamāmā ake i te mahi, anei tētahi aratohu poto e rite ana ki ō hiahia:
1. Te tā whakaahua i te kāinga (A4/A3 i ētahi wā)
Kōwhiria he pepa whakaahua waituhi tae-ono, tautokohia he pepa whakaahua kanapa/kanapa, kāore he rohe.
2. Pukapuka whakaahua a te kaiwhakaahua, te kaiwhakaahua rānei (A3+ noa iho)
Kōwhiria he pūreretā whakaahua me ngā waituhi tae 8+ tae, he tautoko pepa toi ataahua, he ara pepa matotoru.
3. Tānga toi hei hoko
Whakaritea te waituhi tae, te miro pepa toi ataahua, te whakahaere tae + te kōtaha ICC, whakaarohia hoki te tiwhikete pūranga.
4. E hiahia ana te tari kia koi tonu te ahua, engari e hiahia ana kia noho koi tonu
He pai te whakamahi i te waituhi tae kounga pai, engari me whakarite he tika te pepa, ā, he rawaka te taumira o te kōnae.
Te Katinga
Ko te whiriwhiri i tētahi taputapu mō te tā whakaahua taumira teitei ko te whakarite kia mahi tahi te mekameka whakaputa katoa—te kōnae, te pūreretā, te waituhi, te pepa, me te whakahaere tae—i roto i te ngākau kotahi. Kāore e ranea te pūreretā taumira teitei anake mēnā kāore te waituhi i te tika, kāore rānei te pepa e tautoko i ngā taipitopito. Mā te mārama ki ō hiahia, te whiriwhiri i te pūreretā waituhi whakaahua tika, te whakakotahi i ngā waituhi hototahi me te pepa, me te whakatinana i te whakahaere tae tika, ka taea e koe te whakatutuki i ngā tānga koi, whai kiko, me te āhua ngaio.
Ki te hiahia koe, ka taea e au te āwhina i a koe ki te tūtohu i ngā taputapu e tika ana mōu i runga i: te rahi tānga (A4/A3/A2), te tahua, te auau tānga ia marama, me te momo ahua ka tāia e koe (ngā whakaahua, ngā whakaahua, ngā hoahoa).
