Ngā Rautaki mō te Whakaako i ngā Tamariki me ngā Hiahia Motuhake
He wero uaua te whakaako i ngā tamariki hiahia motuhake (ABK), engari he maha hoki ngā pūmanawa me ngā whai wāhitanga ki te waihanga i ngā wheako ako whai tikanga, whakahihiri hoki. He maha ngā herenga o ngā tamariki hiahia motuhake, tae atu ki ngā ngoikoretanga ako, ngā mate autism, te kaha rawa o te mahi, te Down syndrome, ngā ngoikoretanga whakarongo, me ngā mate kare ā-roto. Hei kaiako, hei mātua rānei, he mea nui kia mōhio ki ngā hiahia motuhake o ia tamaiti, kia hangaia hoki he rautaki mātauranga tika.
1. Kia Mārama ki ngā Hiahia Takitahi
Ko te taahiraa tuatahi ki te whakaako i ngā tamariki he hiahia motuhake ko te mārama ki ō rātou ake hiahia. Mā ngā tātaritanga hauora me ngā aromatawai whanaketanga ka taea te whakarato i ngā māramatanga nui ki ngā pūkenga me ngā wero o te tamaiti. Ka tīmata te mātauranga motuhake mā te mārama he ahurei ia tamaiti, he ahurei hoki ōna kaha me ōna ngoikoretanga. Mā ēnei mōhiohio ka āwhina i te hoahoa i tētahi mahere mātauranga e hāngai ana ki ngā hiahia o te tamaiti.
2. Taiao Ako Whakauru
He wāhanga nui te taiao ako whānui hei whakaako i ngā tamariki he hiahia motuhake. Me waihanga e ngā kura me ngā whare ako he taiao manaaki, tautoko hoki e whakaaetia ai, e whakanuia ai hoki ngā tamariki katoa. Kei roto i tēnei ko te urunga ā-tinana, pērā i ngā wāhi e pai ana mō ngā tūru wīra, me te urunga ako, pērā i ngā rauemi whakaako e taea te whakarerekē hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia o ngā tamariki.
3. Huarahi Ako e Arotahi ana ki te Tamaiti
Ko te huarahi ako e aro ana ki te tamaiti e aro nui ana ki te whai wāhi kaha me te whai wāhi ki te tukanga ako. Ehara i te mea ko te whakaako i ngā kaupapa anake te kaupapa ako, engari ko te whakawhanake i ngā pūkenga pāpori, kare ā-roto, me te tinana o ngā tamariki. Mā ngā tikanga pēnei i te ako kaupapa me te ako kinesthetic ka taea te āwhina i ngā tamariki he hiahia motuhake ki te whai wāhi hohonu ake me te whakawhanake i ngā pūkenga mahi me te hinengaro.
4. Kaupapa Mahere Mātauranga Takitahi (IEP)
He taputapu nui te Kaupapa Whakawhanake Tamariki Takitahi (IEP) i roto i te mātauranga o ngā tamariki he hiahia motuhake. Kua hangaia hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia ako motuhake o ia tamaiti, i runga i te aromatawai whānui. Kei roto i te IEP ngā rōpū maha, tae atu ki ngā kaiako, ngā tohunga mātauranga, me ngā mātua, ki te whakatū i ngā whāinga, ngā rautaki, me ngā aromatawai e tika ana. Ka arotakehia, ka whakahoutia hoki te kaupapa i ia wā, i ia wā, kia mau tonu ai te whanaketanga o te tamaiti i tōna ake tere.
5. Te Mahi Tahi me ngā Tohunga
Ko te whakaako i ngā tamariki he hiahia motuhake me mahi tahi me ngā tohunga ngaio, tae atu ki ngā tohunga hinengaro, ngā kaiwhakaora mahi, ngā kaiwhakaora kōrero, me ngā tohunga mātauranga motuhake. Ko te whāinga o tēnei mahi tahi he tautuhi me te whakatinana i ngā wawaotanga tino whai hua. Hei tauira, ka taea e te kaiwhakaora kōrero te āwhina i te tamaiti he mate kōrero, ko te kaiwhakaora mahi ka taea te āwhina i ngā pūkenga nekeneke pai.
6. Ngā Tikanga Whakaako Ngāwari
Me whakatinana e ngā kaiako me ngā mātua ngā tikanga whakaako ngāwari, urutau hoki. Me whakarite ngā tikanga whakaako ki te momo ako a te tamaiti, ahakoa he tirohanga, he whakarongo, he nekehanga-ā-ringa rānei. He mea nui anō hoki kia wehewehea ngā mōhiohio uaua ki ngā wāhanga iti ake, kia mārama hoki ngā tohutohu. He tino āwhina te whakamahi i ngā āwhina tirohanga, pērā i ngā pikitia me ngā kauwhata, mō ngā tamariki he uaua ki te ako.
7. Te Whakamahinga o te Hangarau i roto i te Ako
Kua noho te hangarau hei wāhanga nui o te mātauranga o ēnei rā, ā, ka taea hoki te whakamahi hei whakaako i ngā tamariki he hiahia motuhake ō rātou. Ka taea e ngā taupānga mātauranga, ngā pūmanawa motuhake, me ngā āwhina pēnei i ngā whakaahua ataata me ngā whakaahua oro te whakarei ake i ngā pūkenga ako a ngā tamariki. Hei tauira, ka tino āwhina ngā taupānga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero e ahu mai ana i ngā whakaahua mō ngā tamariki he mate autism ki te taunekeneke me te whakapuaki i ō rātou hiahia.
8. Te Whakakaha Pai me te Hihiri
He rautaki whai hua te whakakaha pai hei akiaki me te whakaū i ngā whanonga e hiahiatia ana. Mā te tuku whakamoemiti, utu, me te whakamihi mō ngā mahi me ngā whakatutukitanga a te tamaiti ka taea te whakatenatena i a rātou kia kaha tonu ki te whai me te whakapai ake i ō rātou pūkenga. Heoi, he mea nui kia whakaratohia he whakakaha tika me te arotahi ki te whanaketanga me ngā mahi a te tamaiti, kaua ko te putanga whakamutunga anake.
9. Mātauranga Hinengaro me te Mātauranga Hapori
Kaua te mātauranga mō ngā tamariki he hiahia motuhake e aro noa ki ngā pūkenga mātauranga, engari me aro anō hoki ki ngā pūkenga pāpori me ngā pūkenga kare ā-roto. He maha ngā wā ka pāngia ēnei tamariki e ngā wero i roto i ngā taunekeneke pāpori me te whakahaere i ō rātou kare ā-roto. He mea nui te whakaako i ngā pūkenga pāpori, pērā i te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero me te mahi tahi, tae atu ki ngā pūkenga whakahaere kare ā-roto, pērā i te whakamarie i a ia anō me te aro atu ki te pouri, mō ō rātou oranga o ia rā.
10. Te Whai Wāhi a te Mātua me te Whānau
He mea nui te whai wāhi a ngā mātua me te whānau ki te mātauranga o ngā tamariki he hiahia motuhake (ABK). Me whai wāhi kaha ngā mātua ki te tukanga ako, me te tautoko i tēnei mahi i te kāinga. Mā te mahi tahi a ngā kaiako me ngā mātua ka taea te whakatakoto whāinga tahi me te whanaketanga pumau i waenga i te kura me te kāinga. Ka taea hoki e ngā mātua te āwhina mā te whakarato tautoko pai me te waihanga i tētahi taiao tautoko i te kāinga.
11. Te Whakangungu me te Mātauranga mō ngā Kaiako me ngā Mātua
Me whiwhi ngā kaiako me ngā mātua o ngā tamariki he hiahia motuhake i ngā mātauranga me ngā pūkenga e tika ana hei tautoko i ēnei tamariki. He mea nui te whakangungu tonu me te whakawhanaketanga ngaio kia taea ai e ngā kaiako te whakamahi i ngā tikanga whakaako whai hua. Ka taea hoki e ngā mātua te whai wāhi atu ki ngā kaupapa mātauranga hei mārama ki ngā rautaki mō te whakaako i ngā tamariki he hiahia motuhake kia taea ai e rātou te whakarato tautoko pai rawa atu ki te kāinga.
12. Whakaaetia, ā, Whakamihitia te Ahureitanga o ngā Tamariki
Hei whakamutunga, ko te mea nui ko te whakaae me te whakanui i te ahurei o ia tamaiti. Kei ia tamaiti te kaha ki te tupu me te whakatutuki i ngā mea whakamiharo, ahakoa he rerekē te ara o ētahi atu. Ko te whakaako i ngā tamariki he hiahia motuhake ehara i te mea ko te wikitoria i ngā wero anake, engari ko te whakanui hoki i ia taahiraa iti o te ahunga whakamua me te hanga i tō rātou whakapono ki a ia anō.
Ko te whakaako i ngā tamariki he hiahia motuhake me whakapau kaha, me auaha, me mahi tahi. Mā te huarahi tika, ka taea e tātou te āwhina i a rātou ki te ako whai hua, engari kia tipu hoki hei tāngata takitahi, māia hoki. He kawenga ngātahi tēnei e hiahia ana kia whakapau kaha ngā rōpū katoa—ngā kaiako, ngā mātua, me te hapori—ki te waihanga i tētahi ao whānui, taurite hoki mō ngā tamariki katoa.
