Me pēhea te hanga i ngā konukōre mō ngā hikohiko
Pendahuluan
He rauemi tino nui ngā koranu i roto i te hangarau me te hikohiko nā ō rātou āhuatanga pai rawa atu, pērā i te kawe hiko me te ātete ki te waikura. Ko te koranu he huinga o ngā huānga e rua, neke atu rānei, me te iti rawa o te huānga konganuku kotahi, i hangaia hei whakapai ake i ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana me te matū o te konganuku turanga. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka matapakihia e mātou me pēhea te hanga koranu mō ngā hikohiko.
Ngā Hipanga hei Hanga i ngā Koranu Whakarewa
1. Te Kōwhiringa o ngā Rauemi Mata
Ko te taahiraa tuatahi ki te hanga i tētahi koranu ko te whiriwhiri i ngā rauemi mata tika. Ka whiriwhiria tēnei i runga i ngā āhuatanga e hiahiatia ana o te koranu. Ko ētahi o ngā rauemi mata e whakamahia ana mō ngā koranu i roto i ngā taputapu hiko ko:
– Parahi (Cu): He tino pai te kawe hiko, ā, he ātete ki te waikura.
– Konumohe (Al): He māmā, he ātete hoki ki te waikura.
– Nikara (Ni): Ka whakarato i te kaha ā-ringa me te ātete ki te pāmahana teitei.
– Konutea (Zn): Whakamahia hei hanga koranu he iti ake ngā ira rewa.
– Tin (Sn): He mea whakamahi noa i roto i te tūhono nā te mea ka taea e ia te hanga hononga kaha, kawe hiko hoki.
2. Ngā Whakaaroaro mō te Taurite
Muri iho, me whakatau ngā ōwehenga o ia rauemi mata. He mea nui ēnei ōwehenga nā te mea ka pā ki ngā āhuatanga whakamutunga o te koranu. Hei tauira, hei whakaputa i te koranu parahi-nikara (kupronicera) e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā hononga hiko, tata ki te 70% parahi me te 30% nikara e whakamahia ana.
3. Te whakarewa
Ko te tukanga whakarewa he tukanga whakaranu i ngā rauemi mata ki roto i te wai ōrite. Ka mahia tēnei i ngā pāmahana teitei, nā te mea he tino teitei ngā ira rewa o ngā konganuku. Ko ngā mahi e whai ake nei i roto i te tukanga whakarewa:
– Ngā Tautuhinga Ouma: Whakamahia he oumu motuhake me te mana whakahaere pāmahana tika. Ko te momo oumu he oumu pewa hiko, he oumu whakapūngao rānei.
– Ine Rauemi: Paunatia ngā rauemi mata ki ngā ōwehenga kua tohua, kia tino ma hoki i ngā poke.
– Te whakarewa: Whakanohoia ngā rauemi mata ki roto i te oumu kua whakamahanatia kia tae rā anō ki te pāmahana whakarewa o te konganuku e whakamahia ana. Hei tauira, ka rewa te parahi i te 1084°C pea, ko te nikara ia ka rewa i te 1455°C.
– Te whakaoho: I muri i te rewa, me whakaoho kia ōrite te ranunga, kia rite ai te ranunga.
4. Te Maka
Kia oti te tukanga rewa, ā, kia rite te ranunga wai o te konganuku, ko te mahi e whai ake nei ko te whakarewa:
– Kōwhiringa Pokepokea: Ko te pokepokea ka whakamahia he onepu (maka onepu) he whakarewa rānei (maka whakarewa). Ko te kōwhiringa o te pokepokea ka whakawhirinaki ki te āhua whakamutunga me ngā ātete ā-ahu o te hua.
– Te Ringihia: Ka ringihia tonutia te konganuku wai ōrite ki roto i te pokepokea kua oti te whakarite hei ārai i te whakamatao kāore i te ōrite.
– Te Whakamatao: Tukua te pokepokea kia āta whakamatao, kia rite rānei ki te whakahaere pāmahana e hiahiatia ana hei karo i te ahotea i roto i te rauemi.
5. Te Hanga me te Tukatuka Anō
Kia oti te hanga me te whakamatao i te koranu, ko te mahi e whai ake nei ko te hanga me te tukatuka anō kia tutuki ai te āhua me ngā āhuatanga whakamutunga e hiahiatia ana. Ko ētahi tikanga ka taea te whakamahi i tēnei wāhanga ko:
– Te hurihuri: Ka papatahitia te konganuku kia angiangi ake ina hiahiatia.
– Te Whakaputa: Ka pēhia te konganuku mā roto i tētahi mata hei whakaputa i tētahi āhua roa, ōrite pērā i te waea, i te tokotoko rānei.
– Te Mira me te Tahuri: Ka whakamahia tēnei tikanga mīhini hei tapahi me te hanga i ngā koranu whakarewa hei wāhanga uaua ake.
– Te Maimoatanga Wera: Ko te tukanga whakamahana me te whakamatao anō kia whiwhi ai i ētahi āhuatanga ā-pūkaha pēnei i te kaha, te ngāwari rānei.
6. Te Whakamātautau me te Whakahaere Kounga
I mua i te whakamahinga o ngā koranu i roto i ngā taputapu hiko, me whai i ngā momo whakamātautau kounga hei whakarite kia tutuki i a rātou ngā paerewa e hiahiatia ana. Kei roto i ēnei whakamātautau kounga:
– Whakamātautau Ātete Waikura: Ka whakamatautauria ngā koranu i roto i ngā taiao motuhake kia kitea ai te āhua o tā rātou whakahaere i te pānga o ngā huānga waikura.
– Whakamātautau Pakeke: E ine ana i te pakeke o te mata whakarewa.
– Whakamātautau Arahi: E ine ana i te pai o te kawe hiko a te konganuku.
– Whakamātautau Ā-ringa: Te ine i te kaha kume, te kaha pēhi, me te ngāwari o ngā konganuku koranu.
7. Te Whakatinanatanga i roto i ngā Hua Hiko
I muri i te whakamātautau me te whakahaere kounga, kua rite te koranu mō te whakamahi i roto i te hanga taputapu hiko. Ka uru pea ki tēnei whakatinanatanga te hanganga o ngā hononga, ngā ara iahiko, ngā anga, ētahi atu huānga rānei i roto i tētahi taputapu hiko.
Whakamutunga
Ko te hanga koranu mō ngā taputapu hiko me mārama ki ngā rauemi, te whakarewa, te whakarewa, me te tukatuka anō. Ka tīmata tēnei tukanga mā te whiriwhiri i ngā rauemi mata tika, te whakatau i ngā ōwehenga tika, te whakarewa i ngā rauemi kia rite te ranunga, kātahi ka whakamātautau i te kounga o te hua whakamutunga. Mā ēnei mahi, ka taea e tātou te whiwhi koranu he pai ake ngā āhuatanga ka taea te whakamahi i roto i ngā taputapu hiko hou e whakamahia ana e tātou i ia rā.
I te whanaketanga o te hangarau, ka piki ake hoki ngā tumanakohanga mō te mahi a ngā koranu, ka hua ake te auahatanga me te rangahau tonu ki te kimi i te huinga pai rawa atu mō ngā momo tono i roto i te ao hikohiko.
