Hluav taws xob static - teeb meem thiab kev daws teeb meem

Hluav taws xob static - teeb meem thiab kev daws teeb meem

Lub zog hluav taws xob

1. Taw tes A hauv ib qho fais fab tebQhov loj ntawm lub teb hluav taws xob ntawm qhov chaw A = 0.5 NC^-1Yog tias muaj 0.25-C them rau ntawm qhov chaw A, ces qhov ntawd yog dab tsi? lub zog hluav taws xob ua rau ntawm qhov kev them.

Paub:

Lub zog hluav taws xob ntawm qhov chaw A = 0.5 NC^-1

Raug nqi ntawm qhov chaw A = 0.25 C

SE pob: Lub zog hluav taws xob

Tshuaj:

F = qE

F = (0.25 C)(0.5 NC)^-1)

F = 0.125 N

2. Ob lub nqi 5 C thiab 4 C raug sib cais los ntawm qhov deb ntawm 3 meters. Yog tias Coulomb tas li yog 9 × 10⁹ Nm² C^-2, lub zog hluav taws xob uas ob lub nqi hluav taws xob raug yog dab tsi?

Paub:

Them 1 (q₁) = 5 C

Them 2 (q₂) = 4 C

Qhov nrug ntawm tus nqi 1 thiab tus nqi 2 (r) = 3 meters

Coulomb tus nqi tas mus li (k) = 9 × 10⁹ Nm² C^-2

Xav tau: Qhov loj ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob (F)

Tshuaj:

3. Lub zog fais fab +q₁ = 10 μC ; +q₂ = 20 μC; thiab q₃ raug sib cais, raws li pom hauv daim duab hauv qab no. Lub zog hluav taws xob siv rau ntawm tus nqi q₂ = 0, ces tus nqi ntawm q yog dab tsi₃.

Paub:

Them 1 (q₁) = 10 μC = 10 x 10^-6 C

Them 2 (q₂) = 20 μC = 20 x 10^-6 C

Xav tau: Qhov them nqi ntawm q yog dab tsi₃

Tshuaj:

Muaj ob lub zog ua haujlwm rau + q₂.

Lub zog thawj zaug yog lub zog repulsive ntawm tus nqi + q₁ thiab them + q₂ uas yog F₁₂, sab xis.

Lub zog hluav taws xob ua haujlwm rau q₂ = 0 ces q₃ yuav tsum yog qhov tsis zoo.

Lub zog thib ob yog lub zog nyiam ntawm tus nqi + q₂ thiab -q₃ uas yog F₂₃, sab laug.

Ob lub zog no ua haujlwm rau q₂, muaj tib qhov loj tab sis qhov kev taw qhia sib txawv.

Lub zog net ua rau + q₂ = 0.

4. Peb qhov nqi q₁, q, thiab q₂ nyob hauv ib kab. Yog tias q = 5.0 μC thiab d = 30 cm, ces qhov loj thiab kev coj ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob ua rau tus nqi q yog dab tsi.

Paub:

Them 1 (q₁) = 30 μC = 30 x 10^-6 C

Them 2 (q₂) = 60 μC = 60 x 10^-6 C

Them 3 (q) = 5 μC = 5 x 10^-6 C

Qhov nrug ntawm q₁ thiab q = d

Qhov nrug ntawm q₂ thiab q = 2d

d = 30 cm = 0.3 meters

d² = (0.3)² = 0.09

Coulomb tus nqi tas mus li (k) = 9 x 10⁹ N m² C^-2

Xav tau: Qhov loj thiab qhov kev coj ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob ua rau lub zog hluav taws xob

Tshuaj:

Muaj ob lub zog ua haujlwm rau q uas yog F₁ sab xis (q thiab q₁ yog qhov zoo yog li F₁ deb ntawm q thiab q₁) thiab F₂ sab laug (q thiab q₂ yog qhov zoo yog li F₂ deb ntawm q thiab q₂). F xam thawj zaug₁ thiab F₂.

Lub zog ntawm lub zog yog 7.5 Newtons. Lub zog ntawm lub zog = lub zog ntawm F₁, taw tes rau sab xis kom them q₂.

Lub teb hluav taws xob

5. Ib qho taw tes them q yog nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw P hauv lub teb hluav taws xob ua los ntawm tus nqi (+) kom nws muaj lub zog ntawm 0.05 N hauv kev taw qhia mus rau tus nqi. Yog tias qhov loj ntawm lub zog teb at qhov chaw P yog 2 x 10^-2 NC^-1, ces dab tsi yog qhov loj thiab hom nqi uas ua rau muaj hluav taws xob teb.

Paub:

Lub zog hluav taws xob (F) = 0.05 N

Lub zog hluav taws xob (E) = 2 x 10 ^-2 NC ^-1 = 0.02 NC ^-1

SE pob: Qhov loj thiab hom ntawm cov nqi hluav taws xob

Tshuaj:

Tus nqi hluav taws xob raug suav los ntawm kev siv tus qauv uas qhia txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob (F), lub teb hluav taws xob (E) thiab tus nqi hluav taws xob (q):

F = qE

q = F / E = 0.05 N / 0.02 NC ^-1 = 2.5 Coulombs

Tus nqi q raug lub zog hluav taws xob hauv qhov kev taw qhia kom them (+) uas tsim tawm lub teb hluav taws xob, yog li tus nqi q yog qhov tsis zoo.

6. Cov nqi A thiab B sib cais los ntawm qhov deb ntawm 4 meters. Qhov chaw C nyob nruab nrab ntawm ob qho nqi, 1 meter ntawm qhov chaw A. Yog tias Q_A = –300 μC, Q_B = 600 μC. 1/4 π ε₀ = 9 × 10⁹ N m² C– 2, ces qhov loj ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob ntawm qhov chaw C uas tsim los ntawm ob qho nqi yog dab tsi.

Paub:

Qhov nrug ntawm cov nqi A thiab B (r_AB) = 4 meters

Qhov nrug ntawm qhov chaw C thiab lub zog A (r)_AC) = 1 'meter'

Qhov nrug ntawm qhov C thiab lub zog B (r)_BC) = 3 meters

Them A (q_A) = –300 μC = -300 x 10^-6 C = -3 x 10^-4 Coulomb

Tus nqi B (q_B) = 600 μC = 600 x 10^-6 C = 6 x 10^-4 Coulomb

Qhov tsis hloov pauv (k) = 9 × 10⁹ N m² C^-2

Xav tau: Lub zog hluav taws xob ntawm qhov chaw C

Tshuaj:

Lub zog hluav taws xob tsim los ntawm tus nqi A ntawm qhov chaw C:

them A yog qhov tsis zoo yog li ntawd qhov kev taw qhia ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob taw rau tus nqi A thiab deb ntawm tus nqi B (mus rau sab laug).

Lub zog hluav taws xob tsim los ntawm tus nqi B ntawm qhov chaw C:

Tus nqi B yog qhov zoo yog li qhov kev taw qhia ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob nyob deb ntawm tus nqi B thiab taw tes rau tus nqi A (mus rau sab laug).

Qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob ntawm qhov chaw A:

E = E_A Thiab_B

E = (27 x 10⁵) + (6 x 10⁵)

E = 33 x 10⁵ N / C

Qhov kev taw qhia ntawm lub teb hluav taws xob taw tes rau lub charge A thiab deb ntawm lub charge B (mus rau sab laug).

7. Ib plua plav 1-mg ntab saum huab cua. Yog tias qhov them ntawm plua plav yog 0.5 μC thiab qhov kev nrawm vim lub ntiajteb txawj nqus yog 10 m/s2, txiav txim siab qhov loj ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob uas txhawb nqa plua plav.

Paub:

Qhov hnyav ntawm hmoov av (m) = 1 mg = 1 x 10^-6 kg

Tus nqi ntawm hmoov av (q) = 0.5 μC = 0.5 x 10^-6 C

Kev nrawm vim lub ntiajteb txawj nqus (g) = 10 m/s²

Xav tau: Lub teb hluav taws xob

Tshuaj:

w = mg

w = qhov hnyav ntawm hmoov av, m = pawg ntawm hmoov av, g = kev nrawm vim yog lub ntiajteb txawj nqus

Lub zog ntawm lub ntiajteb txawj nqus ua rau plua plav:

w = mg = (1 x 10^-6 kg)(10 m/s²) = 10 x 10^-6 kg m/s² Luas = 10 x 10^-6 Newton

Cov qauv ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob:

E = F/q

E = lub teb hluav taws xob, F = lub zog hluav taws xob, q = lub zog hluav taws xob

Hloov F hauv qhov sib npaug ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob nrog w hauv qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov hnyav:

E = F/q = w/q

E = (10 x 10^-6 N) / (0.5 x 10^-6 C)

E = 10 N / 0,5 C

E = 20 N/C

8. Ob lub nqi q₁ = 32 μC thiab q₂ = -214 μC raug sib cais los ntawm qhov deb ntawm x, raws li pom hauv daim duab hauv qab no. Tsis muaj hluav taws xob ntawm qhov chaw P nyob ntawm 10 cm ntawm q₂. Nrhiav x.

Paub:

Them 1 (Q₁) = 32 μC

Them 2 (Q₂) = -214 μC

Qhov deb ntawm qhov P ntawm q₁ = x + 10 cm

Qhov deb ntawm qhov chaw P ntawm q₂ Luas = 10 cm

SE pob: x

Tshuaj:

E₁ = lub zog hluav taws xob tsim los ntawm tus nqi Q₁. Qhov kev taw qhia ntawm lub teb hluav taws xob deb ntawm Q₁ vim Q.₁ yog qhov zoo. E₂ = lub zog hluav taws xob tsim los ntawm Q₂Qhov kev taw qhia ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob taw rau Q₂ vim Q.₂ yog qhov tsis zoo.

Tsis muaj zog ntawm qhov chaw p nyob ntawm 10 cm ntawm Q₂

Siv cov qauv quadratic:

9. Ib qho chaw them q yog nyob ntawm qhov chaw P hauv lub teb hluav taws xob ua los ntawm tus nqi (+), yog li muaj lub zog ntawm 0.05 N. Yog tias tus nqi yog +5 × l0^-6 Coulomb, ces qhov loj ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob ntawm qhov C yog dab tsi?

Paub:

Lub zog hluav taws xob (F) = 0.05 Newtons

Lub zog hluav taws xob (Q) = +5 × l0^-6 Coulomb = 0.000005

Xav tau: Lub zog hluav taws xob ntawm qhov chaw P

Tshuaj:

E = F / Q

E = 0.05 Newtons / 0.000005 Coulombs

E = 5 Newtons / 0.0005 Coulombs

E = 10,000 Newton/Coulomb

E = xyoo 10⁴ N / C

E = xyoo 10⁴ NC^-1

1. Dab tsi yog qhov hluav taws xob zoo li qub? tebHluav taws xob static yog hais txog qhov sib sau ua ke ntawm cov hluav taws xob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom. Nws hu ua "static" vim tias cov nqi nyob hauv ib cheeb tsam es tsis txav mus los lossis ntws zoo li hluav taws xob tam sim no.
2. Hluav taws xob static tsim tawm li cas? teb: Feem ntau hluav taws xob static yog tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm triboelectric charging, qhov twg qee cov khoom siv raug them thaum lawv sib txhuam nrog lwm yam khoom. Kev txhuam lub npas rau ntawm cov plaub hau lossis taug kev hla daim ntaub pua plag hauv khau roj hmab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov hluav taws xob static.
3. Vim li cas koj thiaj li qee zaum poob siab thaum koj kov lub qhov rooj tom qab koj taug kev saum daim ntaub pua plag? tebKev taug kev saum daim ntaub pua plag, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum qhuav, tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov hluav taws xob static rau ntawm koj lub cev. Thaum koj kov lub qhov rooj lossis lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov hluav taws xob tuaj yeem tawm sai sai, ua rau muaj kev poob siab static.
4. Cov av noo cuam tshuam li cas rau hluav taws xob static? tebCov av noo feem ntau yuav txo qhov kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov hluav taws xob static. Cov dej molecules hauv huab cua tuaj yeem pab tshem tawm cov nqi hluav taws xob. Thaum cov hnub qhuav, muaj feem ntau dua uas yuav muaj kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov hluav taws xob static thiab kev poob siab.
5. Vim li cas qee cov ntaub ntawv thiaj li yooj yim tsim kom muaj hluav taws xob ntau dua li lwm cov? tebCov ntaub ntawv sib txawv hauv lawv lub peev xwm los tuav lossis xa cov electrons. Qee cov ntaub ntawv, xws li roj hmab lossis qee cov yas, feem ntau tau lossis poob cov electrons yooj yim dua li lwm cov, ua rau lawv yooj yim rau cov nqi static buildup.
6. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus tom qab lub tshuab hluav taws xob yog dab tsi? tebLub tshuab hluav taws xob yog ib lub cuab yeej siv los ntes qhov muaj hluav taws xob zoo li qub. Feem ntau nws muaj ib tug pas hlau txuas nrog ob daim ntawv ci hlau nyias nyias. Thaum ib yam khoom uas muaj hluav taws xob raug coj los ze ntawm tus pas, cov nplooj yuav txav mus los vim muaj hluav taws xob zoo sib xws raug thawb tawm, qhia tias muaj hluav taws xob zoo li qub.
7. Yuav ua li cas grounding tshem tawm cov nqi static? tebKev sib txuas hauv av muab txoj hauv kev rau cov nqi hluav taws xob ntau dhau mus rau lub ntiaj teb, uas yog lub chaw khaws cia cov nqi hluav taws xob loj heev. Thaum ib yam khoom uas muaj nqi hluav taws xob zoo li qub raug sib txuas hauv av, cov nqi hluav taws xob ntxiv yuav raug tshem tawm, txo lossis tshem tawm qhov kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov hluav taws xob zoo li qub.
8. Vim li cas koj thiaj pom cov hluav taws xob hauv lub thawv nplej lossis thaum lub sijhawm ntxiv roj rau lub dav hlau, thiab vim li cas qhov no thiaj txaus ntshai? tebCov noob nplej uas txav los yog sib txhuam rau ntawm qhov chaw tuaj yeem tsim hluav taws xob zoo li qub, thiab tib yam li ntawd rau cov roj ntws. Yog tias muaj cov nqi hluav taws xob zoo li qub, nws tuaj yeem tso tawm ua hluav taws xob. Hauv cov chaw uas muaj cov pa roj, hmoov av, lossis cov kua uas yooj yim hlawv (xws li hauv lub silo noob nplej lossis thaum lub sijhawm ntxiv roj rau lub dav hlau), cov hluav taws xob no tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom siv yooj yim hlawv, ua rau tawg.
9. Cov tshuaj tsuag lossis cov khoom tiv thaiv hluav taws xob ua haujlwm li cas? tebCov tshuaj tsuag thiab cov khoom tiv thaiv hluav taws xob feem ntau muaj cov tshuaj uas ua rau cov nplaim hluav taws xob me ntsis. Los ntawm kev ua li ntawd, lawv tiv thaiv kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov nqi hluav taws xob lossis pab tshem tawm cov nqi hluav taws xob uas sib sau ua ke.

10. Cov koob triboelectric yog dab tsi? tebCov koob triboelectric yog ib daim ntawv teev cov khoom siv raws li lawv qhov kev xav kom muaj hluav taws xob zoo lossis tsis zoo thaum txhuam rau lwm yam khoom siv. Cov khoom siv nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm daim ntawv feem ntau yuav muaj hluav taws xob zoo, thaum cov nyob hauv qab feem ntau yuav muaj hluav taws xob tsis zoo.