physics

Tsab xov xwm hais txog Ray daim duab rau daim iav convex

Yog tias ib yam khoom nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm daim iav convex uas cuam tshuam lub teeb, daim iav convex yuav tsim cov duab ntawm yam khoom. Yog tias paub qhov deb ntawm yam khoom ntawm daim iav convex, yuav ua li cas kos cov duab ntawm yam khoom? Xav tias ib yam khoom nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm daim iav convex, raws li qhia hauv daim duab hauv qab no.

Txoj kab txiv kab ntxwv = daim iav convex

Kab xiav = lub axis tseem ceeb

xub ntsuab = khoom

R = qhov chaw ntawm qhov nkhaus ntawm daim iav convex

f = qhov tsom ntawm daim iav convex

nyeem ntxiv

Kev txhais ntawm daim iav convex

Ib hom iav uas siv hauv lub neej txhua hnub yog daim iav convex. Daim iav convex muaj cov duab nkhaus, qhov twg qhov saum npoo ntawm daim iav, uas cuam tshuam lub teeb, nkhaus mus rau pem hauv ntej.

Kev siv ntawm daim iav convex

Yog tias koj tau pom daim iav saib tom qab ntawm lub tsheb kauj vab lossis lub tsheb, tau kawg, koj twb paub txog kev siv cov iav convex hauv lub neej txhua hnub. Cov iav siv ua daim iav saib tom qab vim tias cov duab tsim los ntawm cov iav convex yog ncaj, thiab cov duab me dua li cov khoom kom nws muaj ntau qhov kev pom dav dua. Ntxiv nrog rau qhov loj me ntawm cov duab, txhua daim duab tsim los ntawm cov iav convex yog virtual.

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Tsab xov xwm hais txog Cov Khoom ntawm daim duab uas tsim los ntawm daim iav concave

Qhov deb ntawm yam khoom me dua li qhov ntev ntawm lub iav concave (d o < f)

Raws li kev xam ntawm daim duab tsim los ntawm daim iav concave, nws xaus lus tias yog tias qhov deb ntawm yam khoom (do) me dua qhov ntev focal (f), ces cov khoom ntawm daim duab yog:

- Virtual txhais tau tias lub teeb tsis hla dhau daim duab

- Ntsug

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Tsab xov xwm hais txog Daim iav concave equation

Ua ntej yuav tau txais qhov sib npaug ntawm daim iav concave, xub nyeem qee cov cai kos npe rau daim iav concave hauv qab no.

Cov cai ntawm lub cim rau daim iav concave

- Qhov deb ntawm yam khoom (ua)

Yog tias yam khoom nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm daim iav uas cuam tshuam lub teeb, qhov deb ntawm yam khoom (do) yog positive.

- Duab nrug (di)

Yog tias daim duab nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm daim iav uas ci ntsa iab, qhov twg lub teeb hla dhau daim duab, ces qhov nrug ntawm daim duab (di) yog positive (daim duab tiag). Yog tias daim duab nyob tom qab daim iav uas ci ntsa iab, qhov twg lub teeb tsis hla dhau daim duab, ces qhov nrug ntawm daim duab yog negative (daim duab virtual).

nyeem ntxiv

Yuav kom nkag siab txog daim duab ntawm ib yam khoom uas tsim los ntawm daim iav concave, kawm cov piv txwv teeb meem thiab cov kev daws teeb meem hauv qab no. Hauv qhov teeb meem no, yam khoom raug xav tias nyob ntawm qhov deb ntawm daim iav concave, tom qab ntawd kos duab los ntawm daim iav concave,

qhov deb ntawm daim duab los ntawm daim iav concave thiab qhov loj ntawm daim duab uas tsim los ntawm daim iav concave.

Xav txog daim iav concave uas muaj qhov ntev focal ntawm 20 cm. Kos cov duab thiab tom qab ntawd txiav txim siab qhov deb ntawm daim duab thiab qhov loj ntawm daim duab yog tias:

a) qhov deb ntawm cov khoom me dua qhov deb ntawm qhov ntev focal (ua

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Tsab xov xwm hais txog Ray daim duab rau cov iav concave

Yog tias ib yam khoom nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm daim iav concave uas cuam tshuam lub teeb, daim iav concave yuav tsim cov duab ntawm yam khoom. Yog tias qhov chaw ntawm yam khoom nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm daim iav concave paub, yuav ua li cas kos duab tsim ntawm yam khoom? Txhawm rau kom meej qhov no, xav tias ib yam khoom nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm daim iav concave, raws li qhia hauv qab no.

Kab txiv kab ntxwv = daim iav concave

Cov kab xiav = lub axis tseem ceeb

Xub (ntsuab) = khoom

R = qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm qhov nkhaus ntawm daim iav concave

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Kev txhais ntawm daim iav concave

Ib hom iav uas siv hauv lub neej txhua hnub yog daim iav concave. Daim iav concave yog daim iav uas zoo li nkhaus, qhov twg qhov saum npoo ntawm daim iav ci ntsa iab rov qab.

Kev siv ntawm daim iav concave

Yog tias koj xav saib koj daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub ntsej muag kom meej dua thiab ntxaws ntxaws, kaw koj lub ntsej muag rau ntawm daim iav concave uas

cuam ​​tshuam lub teeb kom daim duab ntawm koj lub ntsej muag zoo li loj dua thiab cov qhov hws ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub ntsej muag tuaj yeem pom tseeb. Daim duab ntawm koj lub ntsej muag zoo li loj dua koj lub ntsej muag vim tias daim iav ua rau daim duab loj dua, qhov no tshwm sim thaum qhov deb ntawm koj lub ntsej muag ntawm daim iav concave me dua qhov ntev ntawm daim iav. Vim tias nws tuaj yeem ua rau cov duab loj dua, cov iav concave feem ntau yog siv los ntawm cov poj niam los hnav khaub ncaws thiab siv los ntawm cov txiv neej thaum txiav plaub hau.

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Kev txhais ntawm daim iav dav hlau

Daim iav dav hlau yog daim iav uas muaj qhov chaw tiaj tiaj, qhov twg ib qho ntawm nws cov chaw yog coated nrog reflective hlau kom qhov chaw ntawm daim iav dav hlau tuaj yeem cuam tshuam ntau dua 95 feem pua ​​​​​​ntawm lub teeb uas ntaus nws. Yog tias koj ci lub teeb rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm daim iav dav hlau, daim iav dav hlau cuam tshuam lub teeb kom koj lub qhov muag ci ntsa iab yog tias daim iav cuam tshuam lub teeb rau koj lub qhov muag. Ntawm qhov tod tes, yog tias koj sawv ntawm pem hauv ntej ntawm daim iav thaum nruab hnub, koj lub ntsej muag cuam tshuam lub hnub ci mus rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm daim iav, thiab tib lub sijhawm, daim iav cuam tshuam lub teeb rov qab rau koj. Yog tias koj sawv ntawm pem hauv ntej ntawm daim iav dav hlau thaum hmo ntuj, ces koj lub ntsej muag cuam tshuam lub teeb ntawm lub teeb hluav taws xob.

mus rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm daim iav dav hlau, thiab tib lub sijhawm, daim iav dav hlau cuam tshuam lub teeb ntawm lub teeb hluav taws xob rov qab los rau koj.

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Tsab xov xwm hais txog Specular reflection thiab diffuse reflection

Yog koj sawv ntawm daim iav dav hlau, koj tuaj yeem pom daim duab ntawm koj lub ntsej muag uas daim iav dav hlau cuam tshuam. Yog koj sawv ntawm ntug ntawm daim iav dav hlau, koj puas tseem pom koj lub ntsej muag tom qab daim iav dav hlau? Koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas qhov no ntxiv los ntawm kev ci lub teeb rau ntawm qhov chaw iav tiaj tiaj. Thaum lub teeb ci raug taw qhia perpendicular rau qhov chaw ntawm daim iav dav hlau, lub teeb ci uas daim iav dav hlau cuam tshuam tuaj yeem pom. Tab sis yog koj sawv ntawm ntug ntawm daim iav dav hlau, ces teeb lub teeb ci mus rau nruab nrab ntawm daim iav tiaj tiaj, ces koj yuav tsis pom qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lub teeb ci!

Thaum koj saib ib yam khoom thaum nruab hnub, muaj ntau yam sib txawv tshwm sim. Tej yam zoo li phau ntawv, pob zeb, lossis rooj, koj tuaj yeem pom thaum nruab hnub vim lawv ua rau lub hnub ci ntsa iab. Cov khoom no, zoo li daim iav hauv qhov teeb meem dhau los. Thaum ib yam khoom nyob ntawm pem hauv ntej ntawm daim iav dav hlau, yam khoom ntawd yuav ua rau lub hnub ci ntsa iab mus rau saum npoo ntawm daim iav dav hlau. Lub hnub ci uas ib yam khoom ci ntsa iab mus rau saum npoo ntawm daim iav dav hlau ces yuav ua rau daim iav dav hlau ci ntsa iab mus rau lub qhov muag kom peb pom tau qhov ntxoov ntxoo ntawm yam khoom tom qab daim iav dav hlau. Muaj ntau yam sib txawv tshwm sim rau phau ntawv, pob zeb, lossis rooj. Thaum nruab hnub, lub hnub ci ntsa iab mus rau phau ntawv, thiab phau ntawv yuav ua rau lub hnub ci ntsa iab mus rau hauv lub qhov muag, yog li peb thiaj pom phau ntawv. Thaum hmo ntuj, lub teeb ci ntsa iab mus rau phau ntawv, thiab phau ntawv yuav ua rau lub teeb ntawm lub teeb ci ntsa iab mus rau lub qhov muag, yog li peb thiaj pom phau ntawv.

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Tsab xov xwm hais txog Txoj Cai ntawm Kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub teeb

Kev txhais ntawm kev xav

Kev xav rov qab los txhais tau tias yog ib qho xwm txheej uas qhov kev taw qhia ntawm ib yam khoom hloov pauv vim yog yam khoom ntaus ib qho thaiv. Yog tias koj pov lub pob rau ntawm phab ntsa, lub pob yuav raug cuam tshuam vim tias lub pob ntaus phab ntsa.

Kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub teeb

Thaum lub hnub lossis lwm yam teeb pom kev zoo xws li teeb hluav taws xob tso tawm lub teeb, lub teeb txav mus los ntawm lub teeb mus rau txhua qhov kev taw qhia. Thaum lub teeb ntaus rau ntawm qhov thaiv xws li phau ntawv, phab ntsa lossis daim iav, lub teeb raug cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov thaiv ntawd. Qhov kev taw qhia ntawm lub teeb cuam tshuam tom qab nws ntaus ib yam khoom cuam tshuam txawv ntawm qhov kev taw qhia ntawm lub teeb txav mus los ua ntej nws ntaus qhov thaiv. Nws tuaj yeem hais tias qhov kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub teeb yog ib qho xwm txheej uas lub teeb ntaus rau ntawm qhov thaiv kom qhov kev taw qhia ntawm lub teeb hloov pauv; qhov kev taw qhia ntawm kev txav mus los ntawm lub teeb tom qab ntaus ib yam khoom cuam tshuam txawv ntawm qhov kev taw qhia ntawm kev txav mus los ntawm lub teeb ua ntej ntaus qhov thaiv.

nyeem ntxiv