Kev Ruaj Ntseg Cov Ntaub Ntawv ntawm CCTV nrog Kev Siv Tshuab Encryption
Kev siv CCTV (Closed-Circuit Television) tau dav zuj zus, tsis yog tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov chaw pej xeem xws li txoj kev loj, cov khw muag khoom, thiab cov chaw ua haujlwm, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv cov chaw hauv tsev. Nws lub luag haujlwm tsis yog tsuas yog sau cov xwm txheej xwb, tab sis kuj tau dhau los ua ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem kev ruaj ntseg niaj hnub no: saib xyuas kev ua ub no, tiv thaiv kev ua txhaum cai, thiab txawm tias ua pov thawj thaum muaj xwm txheej tshwm sim. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab cov txiaj ntsig no, muaj ib qho kev sib tw loj uas feem ntau tsis quav ntsej: kev ruaj ntseg ntawm CCTV cov ntaub ntawv nws tus kheej. Cov yeeb yaj kiab thiab cov ntaub ntawv kaw suab tuaj yeem muaj cov ntaub ntawv rhiab heev - lub ntsej muag, tus cwj pwm, cov sijhawm ua ub no, txawm tias kev sib tham - uas yog tias nws poob rau hauv tes ntawm cov neeg tsis muaj lub luag haujlwm muaj peev xwm raug siv tsis raug. Ib qho ntawm cov hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv CCTV yog kev siv cov thev naus laus zis encryption.
Vim li cas cov ntaub ntawv CCTV thiaj li yuav tsum tau muaj kev nyab xeeb?
Cov duab CCTV yog ib qho chaw khaws cov ntaub ntawv muaj nqis heev. Hauv tsev, nws tuaj yeem qhia thaum cov neeg nyob hauv tsev nkag thiab tawm, qhov chaw muaj khoom muaj nqis, thiab cov qauv kev ua ub no txhua hnub. Hauv kev lag luam, nws tuaj yeem tso saib cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm, cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov neeg siv khoom, thiab txawm tias cov nyiaj them poob haujlwm. Ntawm theem nroog ntse, kev koom ua ke ntawm CCTV nrog cov tes hauj lwm thiab kev tshuaj xyuas ua rau cov ntaub ntawv muaj nqis ntau dua - thiab tej zaum yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo ntau dua.
Qhov kev hem thawj rau CCTV tsis yog tsuas yog kev nyiag khoom siv xwb. Muaj ntau qhov xau vim tias cov kab ke txuas nrog internet tsis muaj kev ruaj ntseg txaus, siv cov passwords tsis siv, lossis siv cov ntawv thov sab nraud uas tsis muaj kev ruaj ntseg. Cov neeg nyiag khoom tuaj yeem txeeb tau cov koob yees duab, saib cov kev tshaj tawm nyob, rub tawm cov yeeb yaj kiab, hloov kho cov yeeb yaj kiab, lossis txawm tias kaw lub kaw lus thaum muaj kev ua txhaum cai. Hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev ceev ntiag tug, cov yeeb yaj kiab xau tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ua txhaum cai thiab ua rau lub koob npe puas tsuaj loj heev.
Kev Nkag Mus Rau Hauv Is Taws Nem: Lub Hauv Paus ntawm Kev Ruaj Ntseg Cov Ntaub Ntawv CCTV
Kev siv encryption yog txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov cov ntaub ntawv qub (plaintext) mus rau hauv daim ntawv coded (ciphertext) uas ua rau nws nyeem tsis tau yog tsis muaj tus yuam sij decryption raug. Nrog kev siv encryption, txawm tias cov ntaub ntawv CCTV raug cuam tshuam lossis raug nyiag, nws cov ntsiab lus tseem yuav tsis nkag siab rau cov neeg uas tsis muaj tus yuam sij.
Feem ntau, encryption poob rau hauv ob pawg:
1. Kev Siv Symmetric Encryption
Siv tib tus yuam sij los encrypt thiab decrypt cov ntaub ntawv. Ib qho algorithm uas siv ntau yog AES (Advanced Encryption Standard). Hom encryption no ceev thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo, tsim nyog rau cov yeeb yaj kiab loj.
2. Kev Siv Asymmetric Encryption
Nws siv ib khub yuam sij: ib qho yuam sij pej xeem rau kev encryption thiab ib qho yuam sij ntiag tug rau kev decryption. Piv txwv ntawm cov algorithms yog RSA lossis ECC (Elliptic Curve Cryptography). Nws feem ntau yog siv rau kev sib pauv yuam sij ruaj ntseg, tsis yog rau kev encrypting video ncaj qha, vim nws siv computer ntau dua.
Hauv cov tshuab CCTV niaj hnub no, ob qho no feem ntau siv ua ke: asymmetric encryption los tiv thaiv kev lees paub thiab kev pauv tus yuam sij, thiab symmetric encryption los tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv video / suab.
Cov Ntsiab Lus Tseem Ceeb ntawm Kev Nkag Mus Rau Hauv CCTV Systems
Yuav kom muaj kev nyab xeeb tiag tiag, kev siv encryption yuav tsum tau siv rau ntau lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb:
1. Kev siv encryption thaum cov ntaub ntawv raug xa mus (Hauv kev xa mus)
Thaum CCTV xa cov yeeb yaj kiab los ntawm lub koob yees duab mus rau NVR/DVR, lub server hauv nruab nrab, lossis qhov chaw khaws cia huab, cov ntaub ntawv taug kev hla ob qho tib si hauv zos network thiab internet. Qhov no yog qhov uas kev saib xyuas (sniffing) tuaj yeem tshwm sim, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias Wi-Fi network tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb lossis cov khoom siv network tsis tau teeb tsa kom raug.
Ib qho kev daws teeb meem feem ntau yog siv cov txheej txheem encrypted xws li:
- TLS/HTTPS rau kev nkag mus rau hauv web thiab kev saib xyuas cov ntawv thov
- SRTP (Kev Ruaj Ntseg Kev Thauj Mus Los Hauv Lub Sijhawm Ruaj Ntseg) rau kev tshaj tawm video hauv lub sijhawm tiag tiag
- VPN rau kev nkag mus rau thaj chaw deb kom muaj kev nyab xeeb dua
Nrog kev encryption thaum xa mus, cov yeeb yaj kiab uas xa tuaj tsis tuaj yeem nyeem tau txawm tias cov tsheb khiav hauv network raug ntes los xij.
2. Kev zais cia thaum so
Cov duab CCTV feem ntau khaws cia rau hauv lub hard drive ntawm NVR/DVR, lub tuam txhab server, NAS, lossis huab. Yog tias lub cuab yeej khaws cia raug nyiag lossis raug cuam tshuam, cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem rho tawm ncaj qha yog tias nws tsis tau encrypted.
Kev encryption thaum so tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm:
- Kev tiv thaiv tag nrho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv disk
- Kev encryption ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qee cov ntaubntawv povthawj
- Kev encryption ntawm huab cia (sab server lossis sab client)
Ib txoj hauv kev muaj zog dua yog kev siv encryption sab neeg siv khoom, qhov twg cov ntaub ntawv raug encrypted ua ntej xa mus rau huab kom txawm tias tus neeg muab kev pabcuam huab tsis tuaj yeem nyeem cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntaubntawv povthawj.
3. Kev Siv Encryption Thaum Kawg (E2EE)
Kev siv qhov kawg-rau-kawg encryption txhais tau tias cov ntaub ntawv raug encrypted ntawm lub koob yees duab thiab tsuas yog tuaj yeem decrypted ntawm lub cuab yeej ntawm tus neeg siv uas tau tso cai. Cov neeg rau zaub mov nruab nrab (suav nrog cov neeg muag khoom thov huab) tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau cov ntsiab lus video.
E2EE yog qhov tseem ceeb rau CCTV hauv huab thiab cov tshuab hauv tsev ntse uas vam khom cov apps hauv xov tooj ntawm tes. Txawm li cas los xij, nws txoj kev siv yog qhov nyuaj dua vim tias nws xav tau kev tswj hwm tus yuam sij zoo, suav nrog kev rov qab nkag mus rau hauv qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub cuab yeej ploj.
Kev Tswj Xyuas Tseem Ceeb: Qhov Feem Ntau Tsis Tau Saib Xyuas
Kev siv encryption tsuas yog muaj zog npaum li nws txoj kev tswj hwm tus yuam sij xwb. Yog tias tus yuam sij encryption raug khaws cia tsis zoo, sau rau ntawm daim ntawv lo ntawm lub cuab yeej, lossis siv tus password tsis muaj zog, qhov kev siv encryption yuav tsis muaj txiaj ntsig ntau. Lub kaw lus CCTV zoo yuav tsum muaj txoj cai tswj hwm tus yuam sij xws li:
– Cov yuam sij raug khaws cia rau hauv ib qho module ruaj ntseg (piv txwv li TPM lossis HSM) yog tias muaj.
- Tig cov yuam sij tsis tu ncua kom txo qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov xau
- Txwv kev nkag mus rau qhov tseem ceeb rau qee tus thawj coj xwb
- Cov yuam sij thaub qab nrog cov txheej txheem ruaj ntseg kom tsis txhob poob kev nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb.
Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, kev siv ntau yam kev lees paub (MFA) rau cov nyiaj tswj hwm kuj tseem tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev nkag mus tsis raug cai txawm tias tus password raug xau.
Cov Teeb Meem ntawm Kev Siv Encryption ntawm CCTV
Txawm hais tias kev siv encryption yog qhov tseem ceeb, nws txoj kev siv tuaj yeem ntsib teeb meem:
1. Kev Ua Tau Zoo thiab Latency
Cov yeeb yaj kiab zoo li 4K tsim cov ntaub ntawv ntau heev. Kev encryption thiab decryption xav tau CPU/SoC cov peev txheej ntawm ob lub koob yees duab thiab lub server. Cov kab ke qis qis qee zaum muaj kev ua haujlwm poob qis yog tias kev encryption tsis yog kho vajtse-accelerated.
2. Kev Sib Txuas Lus ntawm Cov Khoom Siv
Cov hom CCTV thiab cov qauv sib txawv muaj cov qauv thiab cov txheej txheem sib txawv. Kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov koob yees duab, NVRs, cov apps mobile, thiab VMS (Video Management Systems) tuaj yeem nyuaj yog tias kev txhawb nqa encryption tsis sib xws.
3. Kev Teeb Tsa Tsis Yog
Muaj ntau lub tshuab uas txhawb nqa kev encryption, tab sis nws tsis tau qhib los ntawm lub neej ntawd lossis tau teeb tsa nrog cov kev xaiv tsis muaj zog. Piv txwv li, siv cov protocols qub, daim ntawv pov thawj tsis raug, lossis qhib cov chaw nres nkoj yam tsis muaj kev txwv IP.
4. Kev Nkag Mus Rau Thiab Kev Xav Tau Kev Tshuaj Xyuas
Cov duab CCTV feem ntau siv rau kev tshawb nrhiav. Yog tias kev siv encryption tsis muaj kev tswj hwm meej, cov txheej txheem nrhiav pov thawj tuaj yeem raug cuam tshuam. Yog li ntawd, Cov Txheej Txheem Ua Haujlwm Txheem (SOP) yog qhov tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias muaj kev nkag mus raug cai yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev ruaj ntseg.
Cov Kev Xyaum Zoo Tshaj Plaws los Ua Kom CCTV Ruaj Ntseg Zoo Tshaj Plaws
Rau qhov kev siv encryption kom ua haujlwm tau zoo tshaj plaws, nws yuav tsum tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm lwm yam kev ntsuas kev ruaj ntseg:
- Hloov tus password uas twb muaj lawm thiab siv tus password uas muaj zog thiab tshwj xeeb.
- Pab kom cov firmware hloov tshiab tas li kom kaw qhov kev ruaj ntseg
- Txwv kev nkag mus rau hauv admin thiab siv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus txoj cai
- Kev sib cais network: muab CCTV tso rau ntawm VLAN sib cais ntawm chaw ua haujlwm / tsev network.
- Tua cov kev pabcuam tsis tsim nyog (piv txwv li cov chaw nres nkoj qub thiab cov txheej txheem)
- Saib xyuas cov ntaub ntawv nkag mus thiab qhib cov ntawv ceeb toom rau cov kev nkag mus txawv txawv.
- Xaiv tus neeg muag khoom uas pom tseeb txog kev ruaj ntseg, muab cov kho kom sai, thiab txhawb nqa kev siv encryption niaj hnub.
Xaus
Kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv CCTV tsis yog tsuas yog ib qho kev xaiv xwb, tab sis yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv lub caij nyoog uas muaj kev sib txuas thiab kev hem thawj hauv cyber. Cov yeeb yaj kiab tuaj yeem muaj cov ntaub ntawv tus kheej thiab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb, yog li kev xau lossis kev txeeb lub koob yees duab tuaj yeem muaj cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb: los ntawm kev ua txhaum cai ntiag tug mus rau kev poob lag luam. Kev siv tshuab encryption - txawm tias thaum xa mus, thaum so, lossis thaum kawg - muab kev tiv thaiv zoo los ntawm kev ua kom cov ntaub ntawv tsuas yog tuaj yeem nkag mus tau los ntawm cov neeg tau tso cai. Txawm li cas los xij, kev encryption yuav tsum tau nrog kev tswj hwm tus yuam sij zoo, kev teeb tsa kom raug, thiab kev coj ua cybersecurity tag nrho.
Los ntawm kev siv kev siv encryption thiab txhawb nqa kev tswj hwm kev ruaj ntseg hauv txoj kev qhuab qhia, lub CCTV system tsis yog tsuas yog ib qho cuab yeej saib xyuas xwb, tab sis kuj yog ib lub system uas hwm kev ceev ntiag tug, tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv, thiab tiv taus cov kev hem thawj digital niaj hnub no.
