Cov Duab Puab Tooj Uas Muaj Npe Nrov Hauv Tsev Khaws Puav Pheej: Cov Cim Keeb Kwm Uas Nyob Mus Ib Txhis
Ib lub tsev khaws puav pheej yog ib qho chaw uas khaws cia thiab khaws cia cov cuab yeej cuab tam thiab keeb kwm rau cov neeg yav tom ntej. Ntawm ntau hom kev kos duab uas tau tso tawm, cov duab puab tooj liab qub yog ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb. Qhov no yog vim tias cov duab puab tooj liab tsis yog tsuas yog qhia txog kev txawj ntse thiab kev zoo nkauj xwb, tab sis kuj qhia txog cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm tseeb txog lub zej zog uas tsim lawv. Tsab xov xwm no yuav piav qhia txog qee cov duab puab tooj liab qub tshaj plaws uas tuaj yeem pom hauv cov tsev khaws puav pheej thoob ntiaj teb, taug qab cov cim keeb kwm tsis kawg los ntawm cov duab kos duab no.
1. Lub pej thuam ntawm "David" los ntawm Donatello
Tsev khaws puav pheej: Museo Nazionale del Bargello, Florence
Ib tug ntawm cov pej thuam tooj liab nto moo tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb yog Donatello tus "David." Tsim nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov xyoo pua 15th, nws piav qhia txog David, tus neeg hauv phau Vajlugkub uas tau kov yeej Goliath loj heev. Tsis zoo li Michelangelo tus marble "David" tom qab, Donatello tus version muaj lub charisma txawv, nrog nws cov qauv Gothic zoo nkauj thiab slimmer. Nws kuj suav hais tias yog ib qho ntawm thawj cov duab puab uas piav qhia txog tib neeg liab qab hauv txoj kev zoo nkauj heev txij li lub sijhawm classical. Lub duab puab qhov tseeb thiab qhov tseeb ntawm lub cev caw peb kom nkag siab tob dua txog kev hwm rau qhov zoo nkauj ntawm tib neeg lub cev uas tau tswj hwm Renaissance kos duab.
2. Duab puab "Seev cev Satyr"
Tsev khaws puav pheej: Museo Archeologico Regionale di Palermo, Sicily
Xyoo 1998, ib tug neeg nuv ntses tau pom daim duab puab tooj liab hu ua "Dancing Satyr" hauv Hiav Txwv Mediterranean. Txawm hais tias daim duab puab tsis tiav lawm—tsuas yog lub cev xwb—cov haujlwm tseem qhia txog kev txav mus los uas muaj sia nyob thiab muaj zog. Cov Satyrs yog cov tsiaj ntawm Greek mythology, feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev xyiv fab thiab kev phem. Daim duab puab no xav tias hnub tim los ntawm xyoo pua 3rd BC. Qhov zoo nkauj ntawm kev ntes lub sijhawm ntawm kev seev cev hauv bronze muab qhov kev xav tsis thoob ntawm qhov uas cov kws kos duab Greek classical tau ntes kev txav mus los thiab kev xav hauv ib qho chaw uas nyuaj rau pwm thiab tsis muaj hnub nyoog.
3. Lub pej thuam "Perseus nrog lub taub hau ntawm Medusa" los ntawm Benvenuto Cellini
Tsev khaws puav pheej: Loggia dei Lanzi, Florence
Daim duab puab no uas Benvenuto Cellini kos thaum xyoo pua 16th nyob hauv Loggia dei Lanzi hauv Florence. Nws qhia txog Perseus tuav lub taub hau ntawm Medusa, uas nws nyuam qhuav txiav. Cellini tau tsim ib daim duab puab uas muaj ntau yam kev xav thiab kev xav, qhia txog Perseus lub zog thiab kev ua siab loj hauv kev tawm tsam Medusa, ib tug tsiaj dab neeg uas muaj plaub hau ua los ntawm nab uas tuaj yeem ua rau tib neeg tig mus ua pob zeb nrog nws lub qhov muag. "Perseus nrog lub taub hau ntawm Medusa" yog ib qho piv txwv zoo ntawm Mannerism, uas cov duab ua yeeb yam thiab ua kom pom tseeb, hais txog qhov ua yeeb yam ntawm zaj dab neeg.
4. Duab puab "Tus Boxer So"
Tsev khaws puav pheej: Museo Nazionale Romano, Rome
"Tus Neeg Ntaus Pob Ntaus Pob So" yog ib qho piv txwv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov duab puab ua los ntawm tooj dag Hellenistic. Nws piav qhia txog tus neeg ntaus pob ntaus pob zaum tom qab sib ntaus, qaug zog thiab muaj qhov txhab. Txhua yam me me hauv daim duab puab, txij li cov leeg nqaij nruj mus rau cov qhov txhab thiab cov qhov txiav ntawm nws lub ntsej muag, qhia txog kev xav tob tob ntawm qhov tseeb. Daim duab puab no coj peb rov qab mus rau lub sijhawm uas kev txawj kos duab tau mus txog qhov siab tshaj plaws hauv kev qhia txog kev xav ntawm tib neeg. Los ntawm daim duab puab no, peb tuaj yeem nkag siab txog qhov mob, kev qaug zog, thiab kev hwm uas cov neeg ncaws pob tau hnov hauv lub sijhawm classical.
5. Duab puab "Riace Bronzes"
Tsev khaws puav pheej: Museo Nazionale della Magna Grecia, Reggio Calabria
Xyoo 1972, cov "Riace Bronzes" tau raug tshawb pom ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv Riace, Ltalis, muaj ob lub duab puab tub rog Greek uas tau khaws cia zoo heev. Lawv hnub rov qab mus rau xyoo pua 5th BC thiab suav hais tias yog cov piv txwv zoo ntawm cov duab puab Greek, qhia txog kev txawj ntse ntawm cov txheej txheem casting tooj liab. Lawv nto moo rau lawv cov ntsiab lus zoo nkauj thiab tiag tiag, los ntawm cov plaub hau mus rau cov leeg nqaij nruj. Cov duab puab no tsis yog tsuas yog cov duab kos duab xwb tab sis kuj yog cov pov thawj keeb kwm, muab kev nkag siab tob txog cov thev naus laus zis thiab kev zoo nkauj ntawm tebchaws Greece thaum ub.
6. Duab puab "Kev yeej ntawm Samothrace muaj tis"
Tsev khaws puav pheej: Louvre, Paris
Txawm hais tias paub zoo dua li lub pej thuam marble (feem ntau cov pej thuam tooj liab kuj muaj zog), lub pej thuam "Winged Victory of Samothrace" tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej. Cov khoom siv tooj liab ntawm lub pej thuam Hellenistic no tuaj yeem pom hauv cov tsev khaws puav pheej thoob ntiaj teb. Lub pej thuam piav qhia txog Nike, tus vajtswv poj niam ntawm kev yeej, nrog tis tawm, tsaws rau ntawm lub nkoj. Lub pej thuam tau hwm rau nws qhov kev txav mus los thiab lub zog uas nws tawm mus. Txawm tias nyob rau lub sijhawm niaj hnub no, daim ntawv ntawm lub pej thuam tseem txuas ntxiv txhawb ntau yam duab kos duab thiab tsim qauv.
7. Tus pej thuam "Tus Neeg Caij Tsheb ntawm Delphi"
Tsev khaws puav pheej: Delphi Archaeological Museum, Delphi
Daim duab no yog ib daim duab qub qub uas muaj npe nrov ntawm cov neeg Greek thaum ub txij li xyoo 470 BC. Nws piav qhia txog ib tug neeg tsav tsheb nees sawv ntsug zoo nkauj, hnav khaub ncaws zoo li tus neeg tsav tsheb nees. Tau pom xyoo 1896 ze ntawm lub tuam tsev Apollo hauv Delphi, daim duab no qhia txog cov ntsiab lus zoo heev, txawm tias mus txog rau qhov uas cov qhov muag ntawm nws lub qhov muag yog ua los ntawm cov pob zeb semi-precious. Tus "Charioteer of Delphi" yog ib qho ntawm ob peb daim duab tooj liab Greek thaum ub uas tseem muaj sia nyob hauv qhov zoo tshaj plaws, muab kev pom tseeb txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov duab puab Greek.
Zuag qhia tag nrho, cov duab puab tooj liab hauv ntiaj teb cov tsev khaws puav pheej tsis yog tsuas yog ua rau peb paub txog kev zoo nkauj thiab cov txuj ci kos duab ntawm lub sijhawm thaum ub xwb, tab sis kuj qhib lub qhov rais rau hauv lub neej thiab tus nqi ntawm cov zej zog uas tsim lawv. Los ntawm cov duab puab tooj liab no, peb tuaj yeem xav tsis thoob rau cov txuj ci ntawm cov kws kos duab thaum ub thiab tau txais kev txaus siab rau cov kab lis kev cai uas lawv tau tso tseg. Raws li kev xav tsis thoob ntawm yav dhau los, cov duab puab no yuav ib txwm txhawb nqa thiab qhia cov tiam neeg tom ntej txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm keeb kwm thiab kos duab.
Cov tsev khaws puav pheej uas tso saib cov haujlwm no tsis yog tsuas yog ua qhov chaw ua yeeb yam xwb tab sis kuj yog cov neeg saib xyuas lub sijhawm, khaws cov dab neeg thiab kev zoo nkauj ntawm yav dhau los rau kev saib thiab kawm txuas ntxiv. Kev taug kev hla cov chaw ua yeeb yam uas muaj cov duab puab tooj liab yog kev taug kev hla keeb kwm ntawm tib neeg kev vam meej, nrog txhua daim duab puab qhia txog zaj dab neeg ntawm kev ua tiav kev kos duab thiab kev coj noj coj ua ntawm peb cov poj koob yawm txwv.
