Aikin da aka yi a cikin hanyoyin thermodynamic - matsaloli da mafita

Aikin da aka yi a cikin hanyoyin thermodynamic - matsaloli da mafita

1. Ana matse iskar gas mai kyau daga jiha ta 1 zuwa jiha ta 2 kamar yadda aka nuna a jadawalin da ke ƙasa. Kayyade aikin da iskar gas ɗin ta yi.

Magani

Lita 1 = 0.001 m3

An sani:Aikin da aka yi a cikin hanyoyin thermodynamic - matsaloli da mafita 1

Matsi 1 (P1 ) = 10 kPa = 10,000 Pa = 10,000 N/m 2

Matsi na 2 (P2 ) = 20 kPa = 20,000 Pa = 20,000 N/ m2

Juzu'i na 1 (V 1 ) = lita 4 = 4 (0.001 m 3 ) = 0.004 m 3

Juzu'i na 2 (V 2 ) = lita 10 = 10 (0.001 m 3 ) = 0.010 m 3

Ana so: Aikin da gas ɗin ya yi (W)

Magani:

W = P (V 2 – V 1 ) + 1/2 (P 2 – P 1 )(V 2 – V 1 )

W = 10,000 (0.010-0.004) + 1/2 (20,000-10,000) (0.010-0.004)

W = 10,000 (0.006) + 1/2 (10,000) (0.006)

W = 10 (6) + 1/2 (10) (6)

W = 60 + 1/2 (60)

W = 60 + 30

W = Joule 90

2. Kayyade aikin da iskar gas ta yi a cikin tsarin abcda, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin jadawalin da ke ƙasa.

An sani:

Matsi na 1 (P)1= 1 x 105 Ba = 1 x 105 N / m2Aikin da aka yi a cikin hanyoyin thermodynamic - matsaloli da mafita 2

Matsi na 2 (P2 ) = 3 x 10 5 Pa = 3 x 10 5 N/m 2

Juzu'i na 1 (V 1 ) = 2 m 3

Juzu'i na 2 (V 2 ) = 4 m 3

Ana so: Aiki (W)

Magani:

Aikin da iskar gas = yankin abcd mai kusurwa huɗu ke yi.

W = (P 2 – P 1 )(V 2 – V 1 )

W = (3 x 10 5 – 1 x 10 5 )(4 – 2)

W = (2 x 10 5 )(2)

W = Joules 4 x 105

W = Joule 400,000

W = 400 kJ

3. Kayyade aikin da iskar gas da ke aiki ABCA ke yi.

An sani:

Matsi na 1 (P)1) = 1 N/m2Aikin da aka yi a cikin hanyoyin thermodynamic - matsaloli da mafita 3

Matsi na 2 (P2 ) = 7 N/ m2

Juzu'i na 1 (V 1 ) = 1 m 3

Juzu'i na 2 (V 2 ) = 5 m 3

Ana so: Aiki (W)

Magani:

Aikin da iskar gas = yankin alwatika ABC ke yi

W = ½ (P 2 – P 1 )(V 2 – V 1 )

W = ½ (7-1)(5-1)

W = ½ (6)(4)

W = ½ (24)

W = Joule 12

  1. Menene ma'anar aiki a cikin thermodynamics?
    • amsa: A cikin thermodynamics, ana bayyana aiki a matsayin canja wurin makamashi zuwa ko daga tsarin da ba ya faruwa saboda bambancin zafin jiki tsakanin tsarin da kewayensa.
  2. Ta yaya aikin yake da alaƙa da zane-zanen ƙarar matsin lamba (PV) na tsarin thermodynamic?
    • amsa: A cikin zane na PV, aikin da wani tsari ko tsarin da aka yi yayin wani tsari ana wakilta shi da yankin da ke ƙarƙashin lanƙwasa na aikin. Ga hanyoyin da suka shafi iskar gas, aikin sau da yawa ana bayar da shi ta hanyar haɗin P dV, inda P shine matsin lamba da dV shine canjin bambanci a cikin girma.
  3. Menene aikin da ake yi yayin aikin isochoric?
    • amsa: Tsarin isochoric yana faruwa ne a daidai girman da aka saba. Tunda babu canjin girma, aikin da aka yi yayin aikin isochoric sifili ne.
  4. Ta yaya aikin da aka yi a faɗaɗa matsi na isobaric (matsi mai ɗorewa) ya bambanta da na faɗaɗa iskar gas mai kyau ta isothermal (zafin jiki mai ɗorewa)?
    • amsa: A cikin faɗaɗa isobaric, ana ƙididdige aikin kamar haka , inda P shine matsin lamba akai-akai da shine canjin girma. Don faɗaɗa iskar gas mai kyau, ana iya ƙididdige aikin ta amfani da lissafin , inda n shine adadin moles, R shine ma'aunin iskar gas na duniya, kuma da kuma su ne kundin ƙarshe da na farko, bi da bi.
  5. Menene muhimmancin dokar farko ta thermodynamics game da aiki da makamashi?
    • amsa: Dokar farko ta thermodynamics ta bayyana cewa canjin makamashin ciki na tsarin daidai yake da zafin da aka ƙara wa tsarin ban da aikin da tsarin ke yi a kewayensa. Yana wakiltar ka'idar kiyaye makamashi.
  6. Don tsarin zagaye akan zane na PV, menene yankin da aka rufe yake wakilta?
    • amsa: Don tsarin zagaye akan zane na PV, yankin da aka rufe yana wakiltar aikin yanar gizo da tsarin ko a cikinsa ya yi a lokacin zagaye ɗaya.
  7. Ta yaya aikin da aka yi a cikin tsarin adiabatic ya bambanta da tsarin isothermal don iskar gas mai kyau?
    • amsa: A cikin tsarin adiabatic, babu musayar zafi da kewaye, don haka aikin da aka yi yana haifar da canji a cikin kuzarin ciki na iskar gas. Ga tsarin isothermal, zafin jiki yana nan daram, kuma duk wani aiki da aka yi ana daidaita shi da daidai adadin canja wurin zafi, don haka babu canji a cikin kuzarin ciki.
  8. Me yasa aikin da aka yi a cikin tsari mara juyawa zai iya bambanta da tsarin da za a iya juyawa koda kuwa yanayin farko da na ƙarshe iri ɗaya ne?
    • amsa: A cikin tsari mai juyawa, kowace yanayin matsakaici tsakanin yanayin farko da na ƙarshe yana cikin daidaito. A cikin tsari mai juyawa, ba haka lamarin yake ba. Hanyoyin da aka ɗauka akan zane na PV, don haka aikin da aka yi, na iya bambanta sosai tsakanin nau'ikan hanyoyin guda biyu, koda kuwa sun fara da ƙarewa a wurare ɗaya.
  9. Ta yaya kasancewar yanayin iskar gas mara kyau (na gaske) ke shafar lissafin aiki a cikin hanyoyin thermodynamic?
    • amsa: Ga gas na gaske, karkacewa daga ɗabi'a mai kyau na iya haifar da bambance-bambance a cikin lissafin aiki, musamman a lokacin matsin lamba mai yawa ko ƙarancin zafi. Ana iya buƙatar amfani da lissafin Van der Waals ko wasu samfuran gas na gaske don yin la'akari da waɗannan karkacewa.
  10. Me ake nufi idan aikin da aka yi akan tsarin ya kasance mara kyau?
  • amsa: Idan aikin da aka yi a kan tsarin bai yi kyau ba, yana nufin tsarin yana yin aiki a kewayensa. Wannan sau da yawa yana daidai da faɗaɗa iskar gas akan matsin lamba na waje.
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