Karo da kiyaye makamashin inji - na'urori da mafita

Karo da kiyaye makamashin inji - na'urori da mafita

1. Abubuwa biyu suna da nauyin iri ɗaya , m ₁ = m ₂ = 0.5 kg ya faɗi daga tsayin da aka nuna a cikin hoton da ke ƙasa. Radius na da'irar shine 1/5 m. Haɗarin da ke tsakanin abubuwa biyu yana da cikakkiyar roba. Kayyade saurin kowane abu bayan karo. Hawan nauyi saboda nauyi shine 10 m/s ².

An sani:

Nauyin abu (m) = m₁ = m₂ = 0.5kg

Tsawon farko (h ₁ ) = 1/5 m

Tsayin ƙarshe (h ₂ ) = 0 ( tushen hanya )

Saurin farko na abu (v ₁ ) = 0 ( abu da farko yana hutawa )

Saurin ƙarshe na abu (v ₂ ) = …. ( gudun abu a gindin hanya = saurin abu kafin karo )

Saurin gudu saboda nauyi (g) = 10 m/s

Ana so: Saurin kowane abu bayan karo

Magani:

Saurin abubuwa kafin karo

Gudun abu kafin karo = saurin abu lokacin da ya isa gindin hanya = saurin abu na ƙarshe.

Makamashin injina na farko = makamashin injina na ƙarshe

Makamashin ƙarfin nauyi + makamashin motsi = makamashin ƙarfin nauyi + makamashin motsi

MG ₁ + 1/2 mv ₁ ² = MG ₂ + 1/2 mv ₂ ²

MG ₁ + 0 = 0 + 1/2 mv ₂ ²

MG ₁ = 1/2 mv ₂ ²

gh ₁ = 1/2 v ₂ ²

2 gh ₁ = v ₂ ²

2(10)(1/5) = v ₂ ²

2(2) = v ₂ ²

4 = v ₂ ²

v ₂ = √4

v ₂ = 2 m/s

Gudun kowane abu kafin karo shine 2 m//s.

Saurin abubuwa bayan karo

Idan duka abubuwa suna da nauyi iri ɗaya kuma suna motsawa a alkibla daban-daban to idan suka yi karo, duka abubuwa suna canza saurinsu. Misali, idan kafin karo abu A yana motsawa a 2 m/s kuma abu B yana motsawa a -4 m/s, bayan karo abu A yana motsawa a 4 m/s kuma abu B yana motsawa -2 m/s. Alamun da aka rage da ƙari suna nuna cewa duka abubuwa suna da alkibla daban-daban.

2. Nauyin abu A shine 2-kg kuma nauyin abu B shine 3 kg da ya faɗi daga tsayi kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton da ke ƙasa. Duk waɗannan abubuwa sun yi karo a wurin C. Nauyin ya yi kama da na roba. Saurin nauyi saboda nauyi shine 10 m/s ^2. Kayyade saurin abu A da saurin abu B bayan karo.

An sani:

Nauyin abu A (m)₁) = 2 kg

Nauyin abu B (m2 ₎ = 3 kg

Tsawon farko (h ₁ ) = mita 5

Tsayin ƙarshe (h ₂ ) = 0 ( tushen hanya )

Saurin farko na abu (v ₁ ) = 0 ( abu da farko yana hutawa )

Saurin ƙarshe na abu (v ₂ ) = …. ( gudun da ke ƙasan hanya = gudu kafin karo )

Saurin gudu saboda nauyi (g) = 10 m/s

Ana so: Saurin kowane abu bayan karo

Magani:

Saurin abubuwa kafin karo

Gudun abu kafin karo = saurin abu a gindin hanya

Makamashin injina na farko = makamashin injina na ƙarshe

Makamashin ƙarfin nauyi = makamashin motsi

MG ₁ = 1/2 mv ₂ ²

gh ₁ = 1/2 v ₂ ²

2 gh ₁ = v ₂ ²

2(10)(5) = v ₂ ²

100 = v ₂ ²

v ₂ = √100

v ₂ = 10 m/s

Gudun kowane abu kafin karo = 10 m/s.

Saurin abubuwa bayan karo

Dukansu abubuwa suna da nauyin da ya bambanta kuma suna motsawa a hanyoyi daban-daban don haka ana ƙididdige saurin kowane abu bayan karo ta amfani da wannan lissafi.

Saurin kowane abu jim kaɗan bayan karo:

1. Mene ne bambanci tsakanin karo na roba da karo na inelastic?
   • amsa: A cikin karo na roba, makamashin motsi da ƙarfin motsi duka suna nan. A cikin karo na inelastic, ana kiyaye ƙarfin motsi, amma makamashin motsi ba shi nan. A cikin karo na inelastic, abubuwan suna mannewa tare bayan karo.
2. Ta yaya ake kiyaye ƙarfin motsi a lokacin karo, ko dai na roba ne ko kuma na rashin ƙarfi?
   • amsa: Ana kiyaye ƙarfin motsi a cikin karo saboda dokar Newton ta uku, wadda ta bayyana cewa ga kowane mataki, akwai daidaito da akasin haka. Jimillar ƙarfin motsi na tsarin kafin karo daidai yake da jimillar ƙarfin motsi bayan karo.
3. Me yasa ba koyaushe ake adana kuzarin motsi a lokacin karo ba?
   • amsa: Ba a adana kuzarin motsi a cikin karo na inelastic saboda wasu daga cikin kuzarin motsi na farko ana canza su zuwa wasu nau'ikan kuzari, kamar sauti, zafi, ko nakasa abubuwan.
4. Shin ƙarfin injina na tsarin zai iya canzawa yayin karo? Idan haka ne, ta yaya?
   • amsa: Eh, jimlar kuzarin injina na iya canzawa yayin karo na inelastic. Duk da cewa jimlar kuzarin injina (kinetic da potential) ana adana shi a cikin tsarin da aka keɓe, a cikin karo na inelastic, wasu kuzarin motsi na iya canzawa zuwa siffofi marasa na inji kamar zafi ko sauti.
5. Ta yaya mutum zai iya tantance ko karo ya yi kama da na roba ko kuma ba ya da ƙarfi ta hanyar lura da abubuwan kafin da kuma bayan karo?
   • amsa: Idan abubuwan suka yi tsalle daga juna kuma jimlar kuzarin motsi kafin karo ya yi daidai da jimlar kuzarin motsi bayan karo, karo ne na roba. Idan abubuwan suka manne tare ko kuma jimlar kuzarin motsi ya ragu, karo ne na rashin daidaituwa.
6. Menene rawar da ma'aunin ramawa ke takawa wajen nazarin karo?
   • amsa: Adadin ramawa (yawanci ana nuna shi ta $e$) ma'auni ne na yadda karo ke "juya" da "juya". An bayyana shi a matsayin saurin rabuwa da aka raba ta hanyar saurin kusanci. Don karo mai laushi, $e=1$, kuma ga wani karo mara sassauƙa, $e=0$.
7. Ta yaya kiyaye ƙarfin kusurwa zai shafi karo?
   • amsa: A cikin karo inda babu karfin juyi na waje da ke aiki akan tsarin, ana kiyaye karfin kusurwa. Wannan na iya shafar abubuwan da ke juyawa da karo ko kuma ga yanayi kamar masu tsere kan kankara suna jan hannayensu don juyawa da sauri.
8. Me yasa karo na gaske a duniya sau da yawa yakan zama kamar ba su da ƙarfi?
   • amsa: Haɗuwa ta zahiri yawanci tana haifar da asarar wasu kuzarin motsi ga sauti, zafi, ko nakasa. Waɗannan canje-canjen makamashi suna sa yawancin haɗuwa ta zahiri ba ta da ƙarfi zuwa wani mataki.
9. A cikin karo mai girman daya tsakanin abubuwa biyu masu nauyin iri daya, me zai faru da saurinsu bayan karo?
   • amsa: A cikin karo mai girman ɗaya tsakanin abubuwa biyu masu nauyin daidai, saurinsu yana canzawa kawai bayan karo. Abu na 1 yana ƙarewa da saurin farko na Abu na 2, kuma akasin haka.
10. Shin abubuwa biyu za su iya mannewa tare a karo mai roba?

• amsa: A'a, idan abubuwa biyu suka manne tare, karo ba shi da sassauci sosai. A karo mai laushi, abubuwa dole ne su dawo daga juna, kuma dole ne a kiyaye cikakken kuzarin motsi.