Motsin madauwari na Uniform

Labari game da motsi na zagaye na Uniform

A rayuwar yau da kullum, sau da yawa muna haɗuwa da abubuwa da ke motsawa cikin motsi iri ɗaya na zagaye. Misali ɗaya na abu da ke yin motsi iri ɗaya na zagaye shine allura ta biyu, allurar minti, da allurar agogo a kan agogon analog. Allura ta biyu koyaushe tana juyawa a kusurwar 360 o na daƙiƙa 60 (minti ɗaya) ko kuma tana juyawa a kusurwar 6 o na daƙiƙa ɗaya. Allura ta minti koyaushe tana juyawa a kusurwar 360 o na daƙiƙa 60 (awa ɗaya) ko kuma tana juyawa a kusurwar 6 o na daƙiƙa ɗaya. Allura ta awa kuma koyaushe tana juyawa 360 o na daƙiƙa 24 (rana ɗaya). Idan abu ya motsa a cikin da'ira ta yau da kullun kamar allura ta biyu, allurar minti, ko allurar agogo to ana cewa abubuwan suna yin motsi na zagaye. Za ku iya tunanin misalan abubuwa da ke motsawa a cikin motsi na zagaye?

Ma'anar motsi na zagaye iri ɗaya

Motsin zagaye iri ɗaya yana da ma'anoni biyu. Na farko, ana cewa abu yana yin motsi na zagaye mara tsari idan matuƙar abin yana motsawa a cikin da'ira, saurin abu koyaushe yana canzawa ko kuma saurin kowane ɓangare na abu koyaushe yana canzawa. Na biyu, ana cewa abu yana yin motsi na zagaye iri ɗaya idan saurin kusurwar abu koyaushe yana canzawa. Gudun kusurwa adadi ne na vector. Saboda haka, saurin kusurwa ya ƙunshi girma da alkiblar saurin kusurwa. Don fahimtar ma'anar motsin zagaye iri ɗaya, duba hoton da ke ƙasa.

Gudun kusurwa (ω) yana da daidaito

Yi bitar allura ta biyu a kan agogon bango mai kama da na analog. Lokacin da allura ta biyu ta juya, dukkan sassan allurar ta biyu, waɗanda ke ƙarshe, a tsakiya, da kuma kusa da axis, suna juyawa tare. Domin dukkan sassan allurar ta biyu suna juyawa tare to lokacin da allurar ta biyu ta juya a kusurwar 360 o (juyin juya hali ɗaya), dukkan sassan hannun ta biyu suma suna juyawa a kusurwar 360 o (juyin juya hali ɗaya). Lokacin da allurar ta biyu ta ɗauki kusurwar 36 o (juyin juya hali ɗaya) na daƙiƙa 60 (minti ɗaya), duk sassan allurar ta biyu suma suna juya kusurwar 360 o na daƙiƙa 60 (minti ɗaya).

Motsin zagaye iri ɗaya 1

Gudun kusurwa na allurar ta biyu shine 6 o / s.

ω = saurin kusurwa, θ = kusurwa, t = lokaci

Gudun kusurwar allurar ta biyu koyaushe yana da 6 o /s kuma alkiblar saurin kusurwa (alkiblar juyawa) na allurar ta biyu koyaushe yana da daidaito.

Gudun (v) yana dawwama

Idan allurar ta biyu ta juya na daƙiƙa 60 (minti ɗaya), dukkan sassan allurar ta biyu, ko dai kusa da axis ko kuma nesa da axis suma suna juyawa na daƙiƙa 60 (minti ɗaya). Duk da cewa tazarar lokacin dukkan sassan allurar ta biyu iri ɗaya ne, wato daƙiƙa 60, tsawon hanyar da ke ratsa kowace ɓangaren allurar ta biyu ya bambanta. Sashen allurar ta biyu da ke kusa da axis yana da gajeriyar hanya, yayin da ɓangaren allurar ta biyu da ke nesa da axis yana da tsayin hanya.

Motsin zagaye iri ɗaya 2

v = gudu, d = tsayi, t = tazara ta lokaci, T = lokaci (lokacin da ake buƙata don juyawa zagaye ɗaya), r = nisa daga axis na juyawa.

Dangane da dabarar saurin, za a iya kammala da cewa saurin kowanne ɓangare na allurar ta biyu ya dogara ne da nisansa daga axis na juyawa (r). Mafi nisa daga axis (mafi girma), mafi girman saurin. Duk da cewa saurin kowane ɓangare na allurar ya bambanta, saurin kowane ɓangare na allurar koyaushe yana da daidaito.

Hanzarin tsakiya

Akwai nau'ikan hanzari guda biyu a cikin motsi na zagaye, wato hanzarta kusurwa da hanzarta layi. Haɓaka kusurwa yana faruwa ne lokacin da saurin kusurwa (gudun kusurwa) ko alkiblar saurin kusurwa ya canza. Maimakon daidaitawa, hanzari yana faruwa ne lokacin da saurin ko alkiblar gudu ya canza. A cikin motsi na zagaye na zagaye, saurin kusurwa da alkiblar saurin kusurwa koyaushe suna dawwama. Saboda haka, babu hanzarta kusurwa a cikin motsi na zagaye na zagaye. A cikin motsi na zagaye na zagaye, gudu kawai koyaushe yana dawwama. Alkiblar gudun koyaushe yana canzawa ko ba ya canzawa. Saboda alkiblar saurin layi yana canzawa koyaushe, dole ne a sami hanzarin layi a cikin motsi na zagaye na zagaye.

Saurin da ke faruwa saboda canje-canje a alkiblar gudu ana kiransa da saurin centripetal. Saurin centripetal kuma ana kiransa saurin radial. Saurin centripetal ko saurin radial nau'in saurin layi ne. Saurin centripetal adadi ne na vector. Saboda haka, saurin centripetal yana da girma da alkibla.

Girman hanzarin centripetal:

Motsin zagaye iri ɗaya 3Motsin zagaye iri ɗaya 4

a c = girman hanzarin centripetal

v = gudu

r = nisan daga axis

ω = saurin kusurwa

Tambayoyi da amsoshi na ra'ayi game da motsi mai zagaye iri ɗaya

  1. tambaya: Me ake nufi da motsi na zagaye iri ɗaya? amsa: Motsin zagaye iri ɗaya yana nufin motsin abu yana motsawa a cikin gudu mai ɗorewa a cikin hanyar zagaye.
  2. tambaya: Wane irin hanzari ne abu a cikin motsi mai zagaye iri ɗaya ke fuskanta? amsa: Abu a cikin motsi na zagaye iri ɗaya yana fuskantar saurin centripetal wanda koyaushe yake fuskantar zuwa tsakiyar hanyar zagaye.
  3. tambaya: Ta yaya saurin abu a cikin motsi mai zagaye iri ɗaya yake canzawa? amsa: A cikin motsi na zagaye iri ɗaya, girman saurin yana nan daram, amma alkiblarsa tana canzawa akai-akai, don haka saurin ba ya canzawa.
  4. tambaya: Bayyana kuma bayyana dabarar girman hanzarin centripetal. amsa: Tsarin da ke nuna girman saurin centripetal shine = v²/r, inda v shine saurin abu kuma r shine radius na hanyar da'ira. Wannan dabarar tana wakiltar gaskiyar cewa saurin yana daidai da murabba'in gudun kuma yana daidai da radius.
  5. tambaya: Me ke samar da ƙarfin tsakiya ga duniyar da ke kewaya rana? amsa: Ƙarfin nauyi tsakanin duniya da rana yana samar da ƙarfin centripetal wanda ke sa duniyar ta motsa a cikin kewayarta.
  6. tambaya: Me zai faru da saurin duniya yayin da take kusantar rana a cikin kewayar elliptical ɗinta? amsa: A bisa ga doka ta biyu ta Kepler (dokar yankuna), duniya tana tafiya da sauri idan ta kusa da rana kuma tana raguwa idan ta yi nisa.
  7. tambaya: A wane yanayi ne ƙarfin tsakiya ya zama sifili ga abu da ke tafiya a cikin hanyar da'ira? amsa: Idan aka saki abin daga hanyar da ke zagaye, ƙarfin tsakiya zai zama sifili domin babu wani ƙarfi da ke jan abin zuwa tsakiya.
  8. tambaya: Wace rawa gogayya ke takawa a cikin motsi na zagaye na mota mai kama da juna da ke tafiya a kusa da lanƙwasa? amsa: Lokacin da mota ke tafiya a kan lanƙwasa, gogayya tsakanin tayoyin da titin tana ba da ƙarfin da ake buƙata don ci gaba da tafiya a cikin hanyar da'ira.
  9. tambaya: Shin abu zai iya kasancewa cikin daidaito a cikin motsi na zagaye ɗaya? amsa: A'a, abu mai motsi iri ɗaya na zagaye ba ya cikin daidaito saboda akwai ƙarfin da ke aiki a kansa (ƙarfin centripetal) da kuma canjin da ke ci gaba da faruwa a alkiblar saurinsa.
  10. tambaya: Menene alkiblar vector mai saurin gudu a kowane lokaci a cikin hanyar da'ira? amsa: A kowane lokaci a cikin hanyar da'ira, vector ɗin gudu yana daidai da da'irar kuma a cikin alkiblar motsi.
  11. tambaya: Ta yaya za ku iya ƙara hanzarin centripetal na abu a cikin motsi na zagaye iri ɗaya? amsa: Ana iya ƙara saurin centripetal ta hanyar ƙara saurin abu ko kuma rage radius na hanyar da'ira.
  12. tambaya: Shin zai yiwu abu ya sami saurin gudu akai-akai amma har yanzu yana hanzartawa? Yi bayani game da motsi mai zagaye iri ɗaya. amsa: Eh, a cikin motsi na zagaye iri ɗaya, abu yana tafiya da sauri mai ɗorewa amma saurinsa ba ya canzawa saboda alkiblarsa tana canzawa akai-akai. Canjin saurin yana nufin hanzari (hanzarin centripetal).
  13. tambaya: Akwai wani aiki da ƙarfin tsakiya ke yi a kan wani abu a cikin motsi mai zagaye ɗaya? amsa: A'a, aikin da ƙarfin centripetal ke yi sifili ne saboda ƙarfin yana daidai da alkiblar motsi, kuma an bayyana aikin a matsayin ɓangaren ƙarfi a alkiblar motsi.
  14. tambaya: Me zai faru da abu mai motsi iri ɗaya na zagaye idan ƙarfin tsakiya ya ɓace ba zato ba tsammani? amsa: Idan ƙarfin centripetal ya ɓace ba zato ba tsammani, abin zai motsa a layi madaidaiciya wanda ya dace da hanyar da'ira, yana bin dokar motsi ta farko ta Newton.
  15. tambaya: Menene dabarar ƙarfin centripetal? amsa: Tsarin ƙarfin centripetal shine F = mv²/r, inda m shine nauyin abu, v shine gudun, kuma r shine radius na hanyar da'ira.
  16. tambaya: Ta yaya nauyin abu ke shafar ƙarfin centripetal a cikin motsi na zagaye iri ɗaya? amsa: Ƙarfin centripetal yana daidai gwargwado kai tsaye da nauyin abu. Idan nauyin ya ƙaru, ƙarfin centripetal ɗin shi ma zai ƙaru, idan aka yi la'akari da saurin da radius ɗin ya kasance iri ɗaya.
  17. tambaya: Shin lokacin juyawa ya dogara ne akan nauyin abu a cikin motsi mai zagaye iri ɗaya? amsa: A'a, lokacin juyawa ba ya dogara ne akan nauyin abu ba. Ya danganta ne kawai da saurin abu da kuma radius na hanyar da'ira.
  18. tambaya: Mene ne bambanci tsakanin ƙarfin centrifugal da ƙarfin centripetal? amsa: Ƙarfin centripetal shine ainihin ƙarfin da ke aiki zuwa tsakiyar da'irar yana haifar da motsi na zagaye. Ƙarfin centrifugal, a gefe guda kuma, ƙarfi ne na ƙirƙira wanda aka gani a cikin tsarin tunani mai juyawa, wanda ke aiki a waje, nesa da tsakiyar juyawa.
  19. tambaya: Me yasa ƙarfin tsakiya ba ya yin wani aiki a cikin motsi na zagaye iri ɗaya? amsa: Ƙarfin centripetal ba ya yin wani aiki a cikin motsi na zagaye iri ɗaya saboda ƙarfin koyaushe yana tsaye ne a kan motsi na abin. Tunda aiki samfurin ɗigo ne na ƙarfi da motsi, kuma cosine na digiri 90 sifili ne, babu wani aiki da aka yi.

  20. Tambaya: Shin saurin abu a cikin motsi na zagaye iri ɗaya zai iya canzawa? Amsa: A cikin motsi na zagaye iri ɗaya, saurin abu yana dawwama. Duk da haka, idan aka canza saurin, ba za a sake ɗaukarsa a matsayin motsi na zagaye iri ɗaya ba. Madadin haka, za a ɗauke shi a matsayin motsi na zagaye mara tsari, wanda ya ƙunshi hanzarin tsakiya da na tangential.

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