Bambance-bambance tsakanin fitilun LED da fitilun incandescent
A duniyar hasken zamani, ci gaban fasaha ya kawo mana nau'ikan zaɓuɓɓukan haske masu inganci da kuma dacewa da muhalli. Nau'ikan haske guda biyu waɗanda galibi ake muhawara a kansu kuma ake kwatanta su sune fitilun LED masu fitar da haske da na incandescent. Kowannensu yana da halaye na musamman, amfani daban-daban, da fa'idodi da rashin amfani. Wannan labarin zai bincika bambance-bambancen da ke tsakanin waɗannan nau'ikan hasken guda biyu a zurfi, gami da ingancin makamashi, tsawon lokacin fitila, farashi, da tasirin muhalli.
Tarihi da Ka'idojin Aiki
Kwan fitilar hasken wuta tana ɗaya daga cikin tsoffin nau'ikan hasken wuta, wanda Thomas Edison ya ƙirƙira a ƙarshen ƙarni na 19. Yana aiki cikin sauƙi: wutar lantarki tana gudana ta cikin filament na tungsten a cikin kwan fitila, tana dumama filament ɗin har sai ya yi haske ya kuma samar da haske. An san kwan fitilar hasken wuta saboda haskensu mai dumi da na halitta, wanda yake kama da hasken rana ko wuta.
A gefe guda kuma, fitilun LED sabuwar fasaha ce, wacce ta shahara a ƙarshen ƙarni na 20. LEDs suna samar da haske ta hanyar semiconductors waɗanda ke fitar da photons lokacin da aka yi amfani da wutar lantarki. Hasken LED yana fitowa ne daga kuzarin electrons waɗanda ke motsawa daga wani ƙarfin makamashi zuwa wani a cikin kayan semiconductor daban-daban, wani tsari da aka sani da electroluminescence. Fasahar LED tana ci gaba da bunƙasa, tana samar da fitilu masu inganci, masu ɗorewa, kuma masu amfani da yawa.
Ingantaccen Makamashi
Ɗaya daga cikin bambance-bambance mafi ban mamaki tsakanin kwararan fitilar incandescent da LED shine ingancin makamashi. Kwalaben da ke incandescent ba su da inganci sosai; kusan kashi 10% na makamashin lantarki da ake ba su ne kawai ake mayar da su zuwa haske da ake iya gani, yayin da sauran - kusan kashi 90% - ake ɓatarwa a matsayin zafi. Saboda haka, kwararan fitilar incandescent ba wai kawai suna ɓatar da makamashi ba ne har ma suna fitar da zafi mai yawa, wanda zai iya ƙara yanayin zafi a ɗaki.
Sabanin haka, fitilun LED sun fi inganci. LEDs na iya canza kusan kashi 80-90% na makamashi zuwa haske da ake iya gani. Wannan yana nufin cewa fitilun LED suna amfani da ƙarancin kuzari fiye da kwararan fitila masu ƙonewa don samar da irin wannan adadin haske. Wannan inganci ba wai kawai yana rage farashin makamashi ba ne, har ma yana rage dumama ɗaki, wanda hakan ya sa su zama zaɓi mafi aminci ga muhalli da tattalin arziki don amfani na dogon lokaci.
Rayuwar Fitilar
Wani babban bambanci tsakanin kwararan fitilar incandescent da LED shine tsawon rayuwarsu. Kwanon fitilun incandescent suna da ɗan gajeren lokaci, yawanci suna ɗaukar tsakanin sa'o'i 750 zuwa 2.000 kafin filament ɗin ya karye kuma kwanon ya lalace. Wannan yana nufin kwanon fitilun incandescent suna buƙatar maye gurbinsu akai-akai, wanda zai iya ƙara farashin kulawa da maye gurbinsu.
Sabanin haka, fitilun LED suna da tsawon rai, suna ɗaukar tsawon sa'o'i 25.000 zuwa 50.000 ko fiye, ya danganta da inganci da saitunan amfani. Saboda LEDs ba su da filament da za su karye, sun fi ɗorewa. Ƙarancin farashin maye gurbin fitilun LED yana sa su fi araha a cikin dogon lokaci kuma yana rage ɓarnar lantarki.
Biya
Duk da cewa farashin farko na kwararan fitilar incandescent ya yi ƙasa da na kwararan fitilar LED, ƙididdige jimlar kuɗin rayuwa dole ne ya yi la'akari da ingancin makamashi da tsawon rayuwar fitilun. Kwalban LED, duk da tsadar farashin siyensu, zai cece ku ƙarin kuɗi a cikin dogon lokaci saboda ƙarancin amfani da makamashi da tsawon rai. Yawancin tanadi na dogon lokaci suna zuwa ne daga ƙarancin amfani da makamashi da kuma rashin maye gurbin ko gyara akai-akai.
Ingancin Haske
An san kwan fitilar da ke haskakawa da kyawun haskensu mai dumi da daɗi, wanda galibi ana auna shi da zafin launi na kusan 2700K (Kelvin). Wannan hasken yana kwaikwayon hasken halitta kuma yana sa abubuwan da ke kewaye su yi kama da na halitta. Hasken da ke haskakawa kuma yana da babban ma'aunin launi (CRI), wanda ke kaiwa darajar 100, ma'ana yana iya nuna launukan abubuwa daidai.
Sabanin haka, fitilun LED na iya samar da yanayin zafi iri-iri, daga ɗumi sosai (kusan 2700K) zuwa sanyi sosai (sama da 6000K). Bugu da ƙari, fasahar LED ta ci gaba har ta kai ga yawancin samfuran LED yanzu suna ba da CRI masu girma, suna kusantar na fitilun incandescent. Wannan bambancin zafin launi yana ba da damar amfani da fitilun LED a cikin aikace-aikacen haske iri-iri don dacewa da buƙatun mai amfani da fifiko.
Tasirin Muhalli
Kwalba mai ƙonewa, saboda ƙarancin amfani da makamashi da kuma ɗan gajeren lokacin da suke da shi, yana da tasiri mai yawa ga muhalli. Yawan amfani da wutar lantarki yana nufin ana buƙatar ƙarin albarkatu don samar da makamashi, wanda a ƙarshe ke ƙara yawan hayakin da ke gurbata muhalli da kuma gurɓatar muhalli. Bugu da ƙari, ɗan gajeren lokacin da suke da shi yana haifar da ƙarin sharar lantarki da ke buƙatar a sarrafa su.
A gefe guda kuma, fitilun LED sun fi dacewa da muhalli. Ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki da suke yi yana rage tasirin carbon da buƙatar makamashi. Tsawon rayuwarsu kuma yana nufin raguwar sharar lantarki. Yawancin kayayyakin LED ba su da abubuwa masu haɗari kamar mercury, wanda galibi ake samu a cikin fitilun fluorescent.
Bambancin Aikace-aikace
Ana amfani da fitilun da ke ƙonewa a aikace-aikace masu buƙatar haske mai dumi, kamar gidaje, gidajen cin abinci, da wasu aikace-aikace na musamman waɗanda ke buƙatar takamaiman hasken bakan. Duk da haka, saboda ƙarancin ƙarfinsu da kuma ɗan gajeren lokacin amfani da su, amfaninsu yana raguwa.
Sabanin haka, fitilun LED suna da matuƙar amfani. Sun dace da amfani iri-iri, tun daga gidaje, masana'antu, kasuwanci, da kuma fitilun titi zuwa aikace-aikace na musamman kamar fitilun likita ko na noma. Hakanan ana iya canza fitilun LED zuwa siffofi da girma dabam-dabam kuma sun dace da fasahar hasken zamani, wanda hakan ya sa suka zama zaɓi mafi sassauƙa da kuma na gaba.
Kammalawa
Gabaɗaya, kwararan fitilar incandescent da LED suna da bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci waɗanda suka sa su dace da yanayi da buƙatu daban-daban. Kwalaben incandescent suna ba da haske mai ɗumi, na halitta, amma a kan ƙarancin ingancin makamashi da ɗan gajeren lokaci. Sabanin haka, kwararan fitilar LED suna ba da ingantaccen ingancin makamashi, tsawon rai, da sassauci mai yawa a aikace-aikacen hasken zamani.
Zaɓi tsakanin kwararan fitilar incandescent da LED a ƙarshe ya dogara ne akan takamaiman buƙatu, fifikon ingancin haske, da farashi da la'akari da muhalli. Tare da ci gaba da ci gaban fasaha, kwararan fitilar LED sun zama mafi kyawun zaɓi ga masu amfani da yawa waɗanda ke neman mafita mai inganci, mai ɗorewa, kuma mai ɗorewa.
