Menene Hawan Jini na Huhu da Yadda Ake Maganinsa
Pendahuluan
Hawan jini na huhu wata cuta ce mai tsanani wadda ke haifar da hawan jini a cikin jijiyoyin huhu wanda ba a saba gani ba. Wannan yanayin yana sa gefen dama na zuciya ya yi aiki fiye da yadda aka saba, kuma idan ba a yi masa magani ba, zai iya haifar da gazawar zuciya. Hawan jini na huhu na iya shafar kowa, daga yara zuwa manya, ba tare da la'akari da jinsi ko launin fata ba.
Fahimtar Hawan Jini na Huhu
Hawan jini na huhu cuta ce da ke shafar jijiyoyin huhu da kuma gefen dama na zuciya. Jijiyoyin huhu su ne jijiyoyin jini da ke ɗauke da jini daga zuciya zuwa huhu don ɗaukar iskar oxygen. A cikin mutanen da ke fama da hawan jini na huhu, bangon waɗannan jijiyoyin suna yin kauri, tauri, kuma suna toshewa ta hanyar ƙwayoyin halitta marasa kyau. Sakamakon haka, jijiyoyin suna ƙanƙanta kuma hawan jini a cikin huhu yana ƙaruwa sosai.
Nau'ikan Hawan Jini na Huhu
Ana iya rarraba hawan jini na huhu zuwa rukuni kamar haka:
1. Hawan jini a jijiyoyin huhu (PAH): Wannan shine nau'in hawan jini mafi yawan gaske a huhu kuma tsarinsa ya ƙunshi takaita jijiyoyin huhu wanda ke shafar kwararar jini.
2. Hawan jini na huhu wanda cututtukan zuciya na gefen hagu ke haifarwa: Wannan yanayin yana faruwa ne sakamakon cututtukan da ke shafar gefen hagu na zuciya, kamar cututtukan zuciya ko cututtukan zuciya.
3. Hawan jini na huhu saboda cututtukan huhu: Abubuwan da ke haifar da hakan sun haɗa da Cutar toshewar huhu ta yau da kullun (COPD), fibrosis na huhu, ko wasu cututtukan huhu da ke shafar kyallen huhu da tsarinsa.
4. Ciwon hawan jini na huhu wanda ke haifar da toshewar jini na dogon lokaci (CTEPH): Yana faruwa ne sakamakon toshewar jini a cikin huhu ko kuma na dogon lokaci.
5. Hawan jini a huhu da yawa: Matsaloli daban-daban na lafiya masu rikitarwa suma na iya haifar da hawan jini a huhu.
Alamomin Hawan Jini na Huhu
Alamomin hauhawar jini a huhu ba sa bayyana sai cutar ta kai wani mataki na gaba. Duk da haka, wasu alamomin da aka saba gani sun haɗa da:
- Takaitaccen numfashi wanda ke ƙara ta'azzara yayin aiki
– Gajiya
- Ciwon Kirji
- Juyawar jiki ko suma
- Kumburi (edema) a idon sawu, ƙafafu ko yankin ciki
- Lebe da fata masu launin shuɗi (cyanosis)
- bugun zuciya mai sauri ko bugawa
Dalilan Hawan Jini na Huhu
Ba a san ainihin abin da ke haifar da hawan jini a huhu ba sau da yawa kuma yana iya zama rashin lafiya. Duk da haka, wasu yanayi da abubuwan da aka sani suna haifar da hawan jini a huhu sun haɗa da:
– Ciwon zuciya da aka haifa: Wasu mutane ana haihuwarsu da matsalolin tsarin jiki a cikin zuciya wanda zai iya haifar da hawan jini a cikin huhu akan lokaci.
– Cutar huhu: Kamar COPD, pulmonary fibrosis, ko kuma sleep apnea.
– Ciwon hanta: Kamar cirrhosis.
– Magunguna da guba: Amfani da wasu magunguna, kamar methamphetamine ko cocaine, da kuma wasu magungunan rage kiba.
- Cututtukan garkuwar jiki: Kamar lupus ko scleroderma.
– Mai saurin kamuwa da kwayoyin halitta: Wasu sauye-sauye na iya ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da hawan jini a huhu.
Ganewar Hawan Jini na Huhu
Gano hawan jini a huhu yana buƙatar jerin gwaje-gwaje da kimantawa. Matakan da aka saba ɗauka wajen gano cutar sun haɗa da:
1. Duba lafiyar jiki: Likitan zai yi gwajin jiki sannan ya lura da duk wata alama.
2. Gwaje-gwajen jini: Domin duba alamun cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da garkuwar jiki, aƙalla waɗanda ke nuna haɗarin kamuwa da hawan jini a huhu.
3. Echocardiogram: Yana amfani da raƙuman sauti don ƙirƙirar hotunan zuciya da kuma ganin yadda zuciya ke fitar da jini da kuma gano matsin lamba a cikin jijiyoyin huhu.
4. Gwajin aikin huhu: Yana auna yadda huhu ke aiki yadda ya kamata.
5. Angiography na huhu: Gwaji na musamman don duba yadda jini ke gudana a cikin jijiyoyin huhu.
6. Yin amfani da catheter na zuciya ta dama: Wannan hanya ita ce ma'aunin zinare don gano hawan jini na huhu. Ana saka catheter a cikin jijiyoyin jini sannan a kai shi gefen dama na zuciya don auna hawan jini a cikin jijiyoyin huhu.
Maganin Hawan Jini na Huhu
Manufofin maganin hawan jini na huhu sune rage alamun cutar, inganta rayuwa, da kuma rage ci gaban cutar . Maganin na iya ƙunsar hanyoyi daban-daban:
1. Magunguna: Akwai nau'ikan magunguna da dama da ake amfani da su wajen magance hauhawar jini a huhu, ciki har da:
– Masu rage jijiyar jini: Kamar su prostanoids, masu hana endothelin receptor antagonists, da kuma masu hana phosphodiesterase-5, waɗanda ke sassauta jijiyoyin jini da faɗaɗa su.
– Magungunan hana zubar jini: Don rage haɗarin toshewar jini.
– Magungunan Diuretic: Don rage taruwar ruwa a jiki.
– Digitalis: Don ƙarfafa aikin zuciya.
– Iskar Oxygen: Ana iya buƙatar ƙarin iskar oxygen don taimakawa wajen rage numfashi.
2. Rayuwa: Ɗauki salon rayuwa mai kyau zai iya taimakawa wajen magance alamun hawan jini na huhu, ciki har da:
- Daina shan taba
– Guji ayyuka masu wahala da hawa zuwa manyan wurare
- Ku ci abinci mai kyau da daidaito
– Tabbatar ka sami isasshen hutu
- Sarrafa damuwa yadda ya kamata
3. Hanyoyin magani: Wasu hanyoyin na iya zama dole don magance gaggawa ko gyara tsarin zuciya da huhu, kamar atrial septostomy ko dashen huhu/zuciya.
4. Gyaran huhu: Shirye-shiryen da aka tsara musamman ga marasa lafiya da ke fama da cutar huhu na iya taimakawa wajen inganta aikin jiki da ingancin rayuwa.
5. Tallafin motsin rai da na hankali: Samun ganewar cutar hawan jini ta huhu na iya zama abin mamaki. Tallafin mai ba da shawara, ƙungiyar tallafi, ko maganin fahimta na iya zama da amfani wajen jure tasirin wannan yanayin a cikin motsin rai.
Kammalawa
Hawan jini na huhu cuta ce mai tsanani kuma mai ci gaba da shafar jijiyoyin huhu da zuciya. Duk da cewa babu maganin hawan jini na huhu a halin yanzu, hanyoyi daban-daban na magani na iya rage alamun cutar, rage ci gaban cutar, da kuma inganta rayuwar mutane. Yana da mahimmanci ga mutanen da ke fuskantar alamun da suka shafi hakan su nemi kulawar likita cikin gaggawa domin a fara gano cutar da kuma magani da wuri-wuri. Cikakken tallafin likita da kuma sadaukar da kai ga rayuwa mai kyau sune mabuɗin magance hawan jini na huhu.
