Nau'ikan Gilashin da ake Amfani da su a Tagogi Masu Hana Fasa Kwauri da Tsaro
Bukatar tagogi masu tsaro na ci gaba da ƙaruwa, a gidaje, ofisoshi, shaguna, da gine-ginen jama'a. A wurare da yawa, barazanar ba wai kawai sata ko ɓarna ba ce, har ma da haɗarin fasa gilashin saboda iska mai ƙarfi, haɗurra, har ma da bala'o'i kamar girgizar ƙasa ko tarkace masu tashi a lokacin guguwa. A cikin wannan mahallin ne ake amfani da kalmar "tagogi masu hana fashewa" don nufin tagogi waɗanda suka fi jure wa tasiri, ba za a iya shiga su ba, kuma sun fi aminci idan aka lalace. Mabuɗin wannan aikin yana cikin nau'in gilashin da ake amfani da shi, domin gilashin yau da kullun yana da sauƙin karyewa kuma yana iya zama tushen rauni.
A fasaha, babu wani nau'in gilashi da ke "karewa" ga dukkan barazana. Madadin haka, akwai gilashin gilashi masu takamaiman halaye: wasu an tsara su ne don tsayayya da fashewa mai kaifi, wasu don jure tasirin da ake maimaitawa, wasu don rage yunƙurin sata, wasu kuma don jure wasu takamaiman harsasai. Ga nau'ikan gilashin da aka fi amfani da su don hana harsashi da tagogi na tsaro, tare da ayyukansu, fa'idodinsu, da mahallin da ake amfani da su.
1) Gilashin Mai Zafi (Gilashin Mai Zafi)
Gilashin mai zafi gilashi ne da aka dumama shi zuwa zafin jiki mai yawa sannan aka sanyaya shi da sauri (wanda aka kashe), wanda ke haifar da damuwa ta ciki wanda ke sa shi ya fi ƙarfi fiye da gilashin da aka yi wa fenti (ko gilashin da aka yi wa fenti). Gabaɗaya, gilashin da aka yi wa fenti yana da juriyar tasiri sau 4-5 fiye da gilashin da aka yi wa fenti mai kauri iri ɗaya.
Babban fa'idar gilashin da aka yi wa zafi don aminci shine juriyarsa ta karyewa: idan ya karye, gilashin yana farfashewa zuwa ƙananan rassa masu laushi, maimakon dogayen rassa masu kaifi. Wannan yana rage haɗarin yankan da ya yi tsanani. Saboda wannan dalili, galibi ana zaɓar gilashin da aka yi wa zafi don tagogi a wuraren da ke fuskantar haɗarin tasirin ɗan adam ko abu, kamar ƙofofin gilashi, rabe-raben bango, tagogi kusa da benaye, ko wuraren da cunkoso ke da yawa.
Duk da haka, gilashin da aka yi wa zafi ba shine mafita mafi kyau ta hana fashi da makami ba. Duk da cewa yana da ƙarfi, da zarar ya lalace sosai, yana iya "fashewa" zuwa gutsuttsura, yana barin wani rami. Don ƙarin buƙatun hana fashi da makami, galibi ana haɗa gilashin da aka yi wa zafi da wasu fasahohi kamar lamination.
2) Gilashin Laminated
Ana yin gilashin da aka laƙaba da gilashi mai laƙabi da yadudduka biyu ko fiye da haka da wani Layer mai haɗaka (wanda galibi PVB—polyvinyl butyral—ko EVA) ya riƙe tare. Idan gilashin ya fashe, tarkacen sun manne da layin da ke tsakanin, suna hana shi faɗuwa da kuma rufe buɗewar. Shi ya sa gilashin da aka laƙaba ya shahara sosai don tsaro, aminci, da kuma kare sauti.
A cikin mahallin tagogi masu hana ƙulli da tsaro, laminate yana ba da babbar fa'ida: yana rage saurin shiga. Sata da ta buge ko ta buga gilashin za ta ci gaba da fuskantar wani abin fashewa amma an riƙe shi, wanda ke buƙatar ƙarin lokaci da hayaniya don karya shi. Wannan jinkirin yana da mahimmanci saboda tsaro sau da yawa yana da tasirin "jinkiri" - yana barin maharin ya gaza saboda ƙarancin lokaci ko jawo hankali.
Gilashin da aka lakafta yana taimakawa a lokacin guguwa ko tasirin waje: koda gilashin ya fashe, layin da ke tsakanin na'urorin na iya hana tarkace tashi a cikin gida. Ga gidaje a yankunan da iska mai ƙarfi ke iya shiga, wannan na iya zama muhimmin siffa ta aminci.
3) Gilashin Laminated Mai Zafi (Haɗin Lamination + Lamination)
Don buƙatun inganci mafi girma, masana'antun galibi suna haɗa gilashin da aka yi wa fenti da kuma gilashin da aka yi wa fenti: kowanne takardar gilashi ana yin shi ne da ɗanɗano, sannan a haɗa zanen gado biyu tare. Sakamakon shine gilashin da ke da juriya ga buguwa (saboda gilashin da aka yi wa fenti) amma har yanzu yana da aminci kuma ba zai fashe nan da nan ba idan ya karye (saboda gilashin da aka yi wa fenti).
Ana amfani da wannan nau'in a ayyukan da ke buƙatar matakan tsaro da tsaro mafi mahimmanci: gina fuskoki, manyan tagogi, wuraren jama'a, ko gidaje da ke neman ƙarin kariya ba tare da canje-canje masu tsanani ba. Wannan haɗin galibi shine "mafi kyawun daidaito" tsakanin ƙarfi, amincin tsagewa, da juriyar sata.
4) Gilashin da ke Ƙarfafa Zafi
Gilashin da ke da ƙarfi da zafi yana tsakanin gilashin da aka saba da shi da kuma gilashin da aka yi masa zafi dangane da ƙarfi. Tsarin yana kama da na'urar rage zafi amma tare da rage sanyaya a hankali, wanda ke haifar da ƙaruwar ƙarfi kusan sau biyu idan aka kwatanta da gilashin da aka yi masa annealed da kuma yanayin samun manyan tsarin karyewa fiye da gilashin da aka yi masa annealed.
A wasu lokutan ana zaɓar wannan gilashin ne don rage haɗarin "fashewar gilashi ba zato ba tsammani" a wasu aikace-aikace, da kuma samar da ingantaccen aiki fiye da gilashin yau da kullun. Don tsaron sata, gilashin da aka ƙarfafa zafi kaɗai ba shi da ƙarfi kamar haɗin da aka sanya laminated-tempered, amma galibi ana amfani da shi azaman wani ɓangare na na'urar da aka sanya laminated (misali, laminate mai ƙarfi zafi) don cimma ƙarin halayyar fashewa mai sarrafawa.
5) Gilashin Waya da Gilashin Musamman Mai Juriya Ga Wuta
Gilashin raga na waya gilashi ne mai raga a ciki. A da yana shahara kamar gilashin aminci saboda ragar waya tana taimakawa wajen riƙe tarkacen tare lokacin da suka karye. Duk da haka, daga hangen nesa na zamani, gilashin raga na waya na gargajiya na iya haifar da haɗarin rauni saboda tarkacen har yanzu suna da kaifi kuma tsarin tsagewar bai yi ƙarfi kamar gilashin da aka laminated ba.
Abin da ya dace da "mai jure wa wuta" a ma'anar kariya ta gaggawa shine gilashin da aka yi wa wuta. Wannan ba wai kawai gilashi mai kauri ba ne, amma tsarin gilashin da aka tsara don jure wa wuta da/ko zafi mai haske a takamaiman lokacin kimantawa. Ga gine-ginen kasuwanci, makarantu, asibitoci, ko matattakalar gaggawa, gilashin da aka yi wa wuta zai iya zama wani ɓangare na cikakken ra'ayin tsaro - ko da kuwa ba a mai da hankali kan tsaron wuta ba, amma a kan sata.
6) Gilashin Polycarbonate da Lamination na Gilashin Polycarbonate (Tsaro Glazing)
Polycarbonate ba gilashi ba ne a zahiri, a'a, filastik ne na injiniya mai jure wa tasiri sosai. A aikace-aikacen tsaro, ana amfani da polycarbonate azaman allo ɗaya ko kuma a haɗa shi da gilashi a cikin laminate mai haɗaka (polycarbonate mai gilashi). Fa'idodinsa sun haɗa da juriyar tasiri mai yawa da ikon jure hare-hare akai-akai.
Don dalilai na hana lalatawa ko wuraren da ake iya jifan dutse, polycarbonate yana da tasiri sosai. Duk da haka, yana da iyaka: yana da sauƙin gogewa fiye da gilashi, yana iya fuskantar karkacewar gani idan aka yi amfani da shi ba shi da inganci, kuma yana buƙatar murfin kariya (rufi mai tauri) don inganta gogewa da juriyar UV.
A cikin tagogi na tsaro, sau da yawa ana zaɓar hanyar haɗaka don riƙe kamannin gilashi (bayyanar, haske) amma yana da "ƙasusuwa" na polycarbonate don ƙarin juriya ga tasiri.
7) Gilashin da ke Juriya da Harsashi
Gilashin hana harsashi wani nau'i ne na musamman wanda yawanci ke amfani da laminates masu layuka da yawa: haɗin gilashi da kauri mai layi ɗaya, ko gilashi tare da Layer polycarbonate, wanda aka tsara don tsayayya da harba harsasai zuwa wani mataki. Yana da mahimmanci a fahimci cewa kalmar "hana harsashi" a fagen galibi ana fassara ta a matsayin mara kariya ga kowane nau'in makamai. A zahiri, ana ƙayyade aikin ta hanyar ma'aunin gwaji (mataki) da tsarin kayan.
Gilashin da ke jure wa harsashi yakan yi kauri da nauyi, wanda hakan ke buƙatar firam mai ƙarfi. Idan gilashin kawai aka inganta shi amma tsarin firam ɗin da makulli sun kasance daidai, raunin zai koma firam ɗin, hinges, ko bango. Saboda haka, galibi ana aiwatar da gilashin da ke jure wa harsashi a matsayin cikakken tsari, musamman a bankuna, ofisoshin tsaro, ko wuraren da ke da haɗari sosai.
8) Na'urorin Gilashi Biyu don Ƙarin Tsaro
Ana amfani da gilashin gilashi biyu ko IGU (na'urar gilashin da aka rufe) gabaɗaya don kare zafi da sauti. Duk da haka, don dalilai na tsaro, ana iya tsara waɗannan na'urorin da ɗaya ko duka ɓangarorin gilashin da aka rufe ko aka sanyaya. Misali, an sanya gefen waje don tsayayya da ɓarna, an sanya ɓangaren ciki don kare lafiyar mazauna, ko akasin haka, ya danganta da yanayin barazanar.
Ƙarin fa'idodin na'urori biyu sun haɗa da ingantaccen kariya daga sauti da jin daɗin zafi, wanda galibi ƙari ne yayin shigar da tagogi na tsaro. Duk da haka, cikakken tsaro har yanzu ya dogara da nau'in gilashi (laminated/tempered), kauri, layer tsakanin juna, da ingancin shigarwa.
Tantance Abubuwan Da Ya Kamata A Yi Lokacin Zaɓar Gilashin Tagar Tsaro
Zaɓar gilashi don hana fashi da makami da tagogi masu tsaro ya fi dacewa ya ɗauki waɗannan fannoni:
1. Nau'in barazanar: hari na bazata, barna, yunƙurin kama mutane, jifa da dutse, guguwa, ko barazanar harba makami.
2. Halin karyawa: idan buɗewar ta kasance a rufe lokacin da ta fashe (laminated) ko kuma tana da isasshen aminci daga gutsuttsura masu kaifi (mai zafi).
3. Kauri da tsari: kauri da ƙarin yadudduka, gabaɗaya ƙarfin juriya ya fi girma—amma farashi da nauyi suna ƙaruwa.
4. Ingancin firam da kayan aiki: dole ne gilashin aminci ya kasance yana da ƙarfi, roba/hatimi mai dacewa, da kuma tsarin kullewa wanda ba ya karyewa cikin sauƙi.
5. Ka'idojin gwaji: ga manyan ayyuka, duba ka'idojin aminci/tasiri kamar yadda ake buƙata domin a iya tabbatar da ikirarin samfur.
Kammalawa
"Tagogi masu sata da tsaro" ba wai kawai game da shigar da gilashi mai kauri ba ne, a'a, zaɓi fasahar gilashi da ta dace da kuma aiwatar da ita a matsayin tsarin. Gilashin mai laushi ya fi kyau wajen kiyaye aminci lokacin da aka fashe da kuma rage shigar ciki, yayin da haɗakar da aka laminated sau da yawa zaɓi ne mai ƙarfi don tsaron gida da gini. Don buƙatu masu tsanani, bangarorin polycarbonate ko gilashin da ba sa jure harsashi suna ba da kariya mafi girma, amma suna buƙatar ƙarin tsari, shigarwa, da farashi.
Ta hanyar fahimtar halayen kowane nau'in gilashi, za ku iya tantance mafita mai kyau: aminci, kwanciyar hankali, da kuma daidaita haɗarin da ginin ku ke fuskanta. Idan ana so, za a iya ƙara inganta zaɓin bisa ga wurin da ake (bene na ƙasa da na sama), nau'in firam, da kasafin kuɗi don cimma mafi kyawun aikin tsaro ba tare da la'akari da aiki da kyawunsa ba.
