Jagora don Zaɓar CCTV DVR mai girman ƙarfin ajiya
Zaɓar DVR (Na'urar Rikodin Bidiyo ta Dijital) don CCTV ba wai kawai game da adadin tashoshi ko alamar ba ne. Ɗaya daga cikin muhimman abubuwan shine ƙarfin ajiya - komai kyawun kyamarar, rikodin ba shi da amfani idan sun cika da sauri, an yanke su, ko kuma ba a adana su kamar yadda ake buƙata ba. Wannan labarin ya ƙunshi jagora mai amfani don zaɓar CCTV DVR mai girman ƙarfin ajiya, tun daga ƙididdige buƙatun rumbun kwamfutarka da zaɓar matse bidiyo zuwa tabbatar da cewa fasalulluka sun dace da ajiya na dogon lokaci.
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1. Fahimci Bukatar: Har Har yaushe Ya Kamata A Ajiye Rikodin?
Kafin siyan DVR, ƙayyade adadin riƙe rikodin ku (kwanakin da kuke son adanawa na rikodin). Kowane wuri yana da buƙatu daban-daban:
– Gida: gabaɗaya kwana 7-14 ya isa.
– Ƙaramin shago/ofishi: Kwanaki 14-30, ya danganta da aiki da haɗari.
– Ajiya/masana'anta: Kwanaki 30–90, wani lokacin ma fiye da haka saboda binciken kuɗi/haɗari.
– Yankunan gwamnati/hukuma: na iya zama kwanaki 30-180 bisa ga tsarin.
Muddin riƙewa da ake so ya daɗe, to ƙarin ƙarfin ajiya da za ku buƙaci—ko kuma kuna buƙatar inganta saitunan rikodin ku don su fi dacewa da sarari.
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2. Kula da adadin tashoshi da ƙudurin kyamara.
Yawanci ana sayar da DVRs tare da zaɓuɓɓukan tashoshi kamar tashoshi 4, 8, 16, ko 32. Adadin tashoshi yana ƙayyade adadin kyamarori da za su iya yin rikodi. Duk da haka, ƙarfin ajiya yana shafar haɗuwa da:
– Adadin kyamarori masu aiki
– Resolution (misali 2MP, 4MP, 5MP)
- Matsakaicin firam (FPS)
- Bitrate na matsawa
- Yanayin rikodi (awanni 24 ko gano motsi)
Misali mai sauƙi: DVR mai tashoshi 8 mai kyamarori 4MP zai buƙaci ajiya mai yawa fiye da DVR mai tashoshi 8 mai kyamarori 2MP - koda kuwa adadin kyamarori iri ɗaya ne.
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3. San Bambancin Da Ke Tsakanin DVR, NVR, da XVR (Babban Tasiri Kan Ajiya)
Ko da yake taken DVR ne, a kasuwa za ku sami nau'ikan masu rikodin iri-iri:
– DVR: gabaɗaya don kyamarorin analog/analog HD (AHD/TVI/CVI).
– NVR: don kyamarorin IP (dijital) akan hanyar sadarwa.
– XVR: gauraye, zai iya karɓar nau'ikan kyamarori da yawa a lokaci guda.
Dangane da ƙarfin aiki, abin da ke da mahimmanci ba wai kawai nau'in ba ne, har ma da iyakar iyakar rumbun kwamfutarka da za a iya sanyawa, da kuma tallafi ga matsewar zamani (H.265/H.265+) wanda zai adana sararin ajiya mai yawa.
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4. Tabbatar da Matsakaicin Tallafin Ƙarfin Hard Disk
Wannan shine babban abin da ya kamata ka yi la'akari da shi idan kana neman babban na'urar CCTV DVR: duba takamaiman "ƙarfin HDD".
Abubuwan da za a lura:
1. Adadin wuraren ajiya/ramummuka na HDD
- DVRs na matakin shiga yawanci suna da rami ɗaya kawai.
- DVRs na matsakaicin zango na iya samun ramuka 1-2.
– Na'urori masu mahimmanci na iya samun ramuka 2-4 (wanda aka fi sani da NVRs, amma akwai kuma wasu DVRs).
2. Iyakar ƙarfin aiki a kowace HDD
Wasu DVRs suna tallafawa 6TB/8TB kawai a kowane rami, yayin da wasu kuma suna tallafawa 10TB, 16TB, da ƙari. Kada ku ɗauka cewa duk DVRs za su iya ɗaukar manyan HDDs.
3. Jimlar iyaka ta iya aiki
Misali, ramuka 2 x 10TB = jimillar 20TB. Wannan yana da mahimmanci idan kuna buƙatar riƙewa na dogon lokaci (kwanaki 30-90) ko kuna da kyamarori masu ƙuduri da yawa.
Shawara mai amfani: zaɓi DVR wanda ke tallafawa aƙalla 8TB–16TB a kowane rami, musamman idan kuna son haɓaka ƙarfin aiki a nan gaba ba tare da buƙatar maye gurbin na'urar ba.
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5. Zaɓi Ingantaccen Matsi na Bidiyo: H.265/H.265+
Matsewar bidiyo ita ce babbar matsalar da ke shafar amfani da sarari. A halin yanzu, ƙa'idodi na gama gari sune:
– H.264: har yanzu ana amfani da shi sosai, amma bai fi inganci kamar na sabuwar ƙarni ba.
– H.265 (HEVC): mafi inganci, zai iya adana kusan kashi 30-50% na ajiya a ƙarƙashin wasu yanayi.
– H.265+ / Smart H.265 (suna ya bambanta da alama): ƙarin haɓakawa, yawanci ya fi inganci idan yanayin ya kasance a tsaye (misali, hallway, filin ajiye motoci na dare).
Idan burinka shine babban ajiya, ka guji DVRs waɗanda ke tallafawa H.264 kawai, sai dai idan kasafin kuɗinka yana da iyaka kuma buƙatun riƙewa sun yi ƙasa.
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6. Lissafa Bukatun Ajiya Hanya Mai Sauƙi
Kodayake ainihin lissafin ya dogara ne akan bitrate ɗin, zaku iya kimantawa:
- Mafi girman ƙuduri da FPS, mafi girman bitrate, da sauri HDD ke cika.
- Sa'o'i 24 na yin rikodi zai ɗauki lokaci mai yawa fiye da rikodin gano motsi.
Tsarin aiki:
1. Ƙayyade yanayin rikodi:
– 24/7 (ci gaba)
- Gano motsi
- Jadawalin gauraye (misali cikakken yini, daren motsi)
2. Ƙayyade ƙudurin gaskiya da FPS:
– Bukatun tsaro da yawa sun isa a 15 FPS.
– 20–25 FPS yana da santsi amma yana da ɓarna.
3. Duba idan DVR ɗin yana ba da ikon sarrafa bitrate (CBR/VBR):
– VBR ya fi araha saboda bitrate yana daidaitawa da sarkakiyar hoton.
- Bitrate na CBR yana da karko, an fi iya hasashensa amma yana da yawan ɓatarwa.
Idan kana cikin shakku, yi amfani da wata doka mai aminci: shirya ƙarin ƙarfin aiki da kashi 20-30% fiye da yadda aka kiyasta, saboda yanayin gaske galibi yana da ɓarna (misali, wurare masu cunkoso, yawan motsi, hayaniyar dare).
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7. Siffofin Rikodi Da Ke Taimakawa Ajiye Ƙarfin Aiki
Domin hana babban ƙarfin aiki "ɓacewa" da sauri, tabbatar da cewa DVR ɗin yana da waɗannan fasaloli:
- Gano motsi & ɓoye yanki: yi rikodin ne kawai lokacin da akwai motsi kuma saita yankin ganowa don hana ƙararrawa na ƙarya (misali bishiyoyi masu motsi).
– Shirya rikodi: saita wasu lokutan yin rikodin cikakken lokaci, wasu lokutan yin rikodin motsi.
– Rikodi kafin rikodi da bayan rikodi: yana ɗaukar 'yan daƙiƙa kafin da kuma bayan motsi, don kada a yanke shaidar abin da ya faru.
- Tsarin lambar wayo / AI (idan akwai): ya dace da wurare marasa motsi.
– Gyaran atomatik: DVR ɗin zai sake rubuta tsoffin rikodin idan ya cika, don haka tsarin zai ci gaba da aiki ba tare da dakatar da rikodi ba.
Don dalilai na bincike, yin rikodi akai-akai ya fi muhimmanci fiye da mafi girman inganci amma ana adana shi na 'yan kwanaki kawai.
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8. Zaɓi Hard Disk Mai Dacewa: Yi amfani da HDD ɗin "Surveillance"
Kuskuren da aka saba gani shine amfani da HDD na PC na yau da kullun. DVRs suna aiki awanni 24 a rana, suna rubuta bayanai akai-akai, don haka ya kamata ku zaɓi:
- HDD na sa ido (misali WD Purple, Seagate SkyHawk, ko makamancin haka)
– Ƙarfin da ake buƙata (misali 4TB, 8TB, 10TB, 16TB)
- Tabbatar cewa ya dace da DVR (duba jerin shawarwarin masu siyarwa idan akwai)
An tsara HDDs na sa ido don ɗaukar nauyi mai yawa, girgiza, da aiki ba tare da tsayawa ba - sun fi kwanciyar hankali don ajiya na dogon lokaci.
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9. Yi la'akari da Ajiyayyen Bayanai da Tsaro
Ba koyaushe ake buƙatar babban ƙarfin bayanai ba. Yi la'akari da:
– Ajiyewa zuwa faifai na flash/waje idan wani abu ya faru.
- Ajiyar bayanai zuwa cibiyar sadarwa (NAS/FTP) idan DVR ta goyi bayan.
- Samun damar girgije/P2P don sa ido daga nesa (ba koyaushe don babban ajiya ba, amma yana da amfani).
– Kariyar asusu: kalmomin shiga masu ƙarfi, ƙuntatawa ga masu amfani, da rajistar ayyuka.
Idan rikodin shaida ce mai mahimmanci, hanyar madadin tana da matuƙar amfani idan HDD ɗin ya lalace ko kuma an sace DVR ɗin.
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10. Duba Aiki: Fitar da Kaya, Sake kunnawa, da Ingancin Fitarwa
Dole ne DVR mai girman girma ya iya ɗaukar nauyin bayanai. Lura:
- Ikon fassara da sake kunnawa: na iya sake kunna tashoshi da yawa a lokaci guda ba tare da yin magana ba.
– Fitowar HDMI/VGA: ƙudurin fitarwa wanda ya dace da na'urar saka idanu.
- Binciken rikodi mai sauri: jadawalin lokaci, bincike a kowane taron (motsi), da kuma sauƙin fitarwa.
- Kwanciyar hankali na firmware: na'urorin da ke rataye akai-akai za su kawo cikas ga rikodi.
Babban iko zai ji kamar ba shi da amfani idan tsarin binciken rikodi yana jinkiri ko kuma sake kunnawa yana raguwa idan ana buƙata.
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Kammalawa
Zaɓar CCTV DVR mai girman ajiya ba wai kawai game da siyan babban HDD ba ne. Kuna buƙatar tabbatar da cewa DVR ɗin yana tallafawa babban ƙarfin kowane rami, yana amfani da matsi na zamani kamar H.265/H.265+, yana daidaita yanayin ƙuduri da rikodi, kuma yana zaɓar HDD mai sa ido wanda zai iya sarrafa aiki 24/7. Tare da tsari mai kyau - riƙe bidiyo mai tsabta, buƙatun ajiya mai ma'ana, da fasalulluka masu adana ƙarfi - zaku iya cimma tsarin CCTV tare da dogon rikodin da aka daidaita waɗanda suke da sauƙin kewayawa lokacin da wani lamari mai mahimmanci ya faru.
Idan kana so, zan iya taimaka maka ƙirƙirar kwaikwayon buƙatun ƙarfin aiki (misali adadin TB na kyamarori 8 4MP 15 FPS na tsawon kwanaki 30) matuƙar ka ƙayyade adadin kyamarori, ƙuduri, FPS, da kuma ko suna rikodin sa'o'i 24 ko motsi.
