Izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi kumathelevishini akamuva
Ithelevishini iye yathuthuka kakhulu selokhu yethulwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Kusukela kumadivayisi amakhulu futhi asindayo e-cathode ray tube (CRT), ubuchwepheshe bethelevishini buye bathuthuka baba yizikrini ezisicaba ezihle kakhulu neziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngezingxenye ezahlukene ze-elekthronikhi ezitholakala kumathelevishini anamuhla, umkhiqizo wentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe besimanje.
1.Isendlalelo
Isikrini, noma iphaneli, yingxenye eyinhloko enquma ikhwalithi yesithombe kuthelevishini. Ubuchwepheshe bephaneli yokubonisa buyaqhubeka nokukhula, okuholela ezinhlotsheni eziningana zezikrini ezisetshenziswa kakhulu kumathelevishini akamuva, okuhlanganisa:
I-OLED (i-Organic Light Emitting Diode)
I-OLED ubuchwepheshe bamuva bokubonisa obukhiqiza izithombe ezinombala ophezulu kakhulu kanye nekhwalithi yokuqhathanisa. Iphikseli ngayinye kwisibonisi se-OLED ingazikhanyisa ngokwayo ngaphandle kwesidingo sokukhanya kwangemuva, okuholela kumnyama wangempela kanye nokuqhathanisa okuphezulu kakhulu.
I-QLED (i-Quantum Dot LED)
I-QLED ubuchwepheshe obusebenzisa amachashazi e-quantum ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yombala kanye nokukhanya kwesikrini. Amaphaneli e-QLED asathembele ekukhanyeni kwe-LED, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwamachashazi e-quantum kuvumela imibala ehlukahlukene nehambisanayo.
I-LCD / i-LED
Nakuba kungebona ubuchwepheshe obusha, i-LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) enikwe amandla yi-LED (Light-Emitting Diode) iyaqhubeka nokuba yinto ethandwayo ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kwayo kwekhwalithi yesithombe esihle kanye nokungabizi kakhulu. Lobu buchwepheshe busebenzisa igridi yamakristalu ewuketshezi alawulwa ugesi ukuze kuhlungwe ukukhanya okuvela ekukhanyeni kwangemuva kwe-LED.
2. Iphrosesa
Iprosesa kuthelevishini ifana nobuchopho bomuntu, ilawula yonke imisebenzi yedivayisi. Amaprosesa anamuhla kuthelevishini aphatha ukwenziwa kwezithombe, ukucutshungulwa komsindo, kanye nokuxhumana okuhlukahlukene kanye nezici ezengeziwe. Amanye amabhrendi kuthelevishini asebenzisa ama-chipset athuthukiswe ngokukhethekile ukuze andise ukusebenza.
I-ARM Cortex
Amaprosesa asekelwe ku-ARM Cortex avame ukusetshenziswa kuma-smart TV ukusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene kanye nezinsizakalo zokusakaza. Njengoba aqukethe ama-ARM cores asebenzayo, anikeza ukusebenza okuhle ngokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi.
I-SOC (Uhlelo oluku-Chip)
Amanye amathelevishini akamuva asebenzisa ama-SoC, ahlanganisa i-CPU, i-GPU, namanye amamojula ahlukahlukene abe yi-chip eyodwa. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokusindisa isikhala kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kanye nokusebenza kahle kwedivayisi.
3. Inkumbulo kanye Nokugcina Isitoreji
Ama-smart TV anamuhla afakwe i-RAM kanye nesitoreji sangaphakathi. I-RAM isetshenziselwa ukwenza izinhlelo zokusebenza ngokushesha, kuyilapho isitoreji sangaphakathi sisetshenziselwa ukugcina izinhlelo zokusebenza, idatha, ngisho nokuqukethwe okuthile kwemidiya.
I-RAM (Inkumbulo Yokufinyelela Okungahleliwe)
I-RAM kuthelevishini ivame ukusuka ku-2GB kuya ku-8GB, kuye ngemodeli nezici. Inani le-RAM lithinta kakhulu ukuthi ithelevishini yakho ingasebenzisa kanjani izinhlelo zokusebenza ngokushelela nangokushesha.
Storage
Isitoreji sangaphakathi kuma-smart TV ngokuvamile sisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-eMMC noma be-UFS, obunikeza isivinini sokufunda/ukubhala esiphezulu. Amandla ngokuvamile asukela ku-8GB kuya ku-64GB, kodwa abasebenzisi bavame ukuba nenketho yokwengeza isitoreji sangaphandle nge-USB slot noma ikhadi le-microSD.
4. Uhlelo Lokusebenza
Uhlelo lokusebenza luyipulatifomu yesofthiwe esebenzisa zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza nezinsizakalo ku-smart TV. Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidumile yilezi:
Android TV
I-Android TV ingenye yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezidumile ezisetshenziswa abakhiqizi bethelevishini abahlukahlukene. Amandla ayo atholakala ohlelweni olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Google Play Store kanye nokuhlanganiswa nezinsizakalo ze-Google (njenge-YouTube kanye ne-Google Assistant).
Tizen
I-Tizen uhlelo lokusebenza oluthuthukiswe yi-Samsung lwamadivayisi ahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi amathelevishini. I-Tizen inikeza isikhombikubona somsebenzisi esilula kanye nokuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo namanye amadivayisi e-Samsung, njengama-smartphone nezipikha.
iwebhu OS
I-webOS uhlelo lokusebenza oluthuthukiswe yi-LG. Ngomklamo wayo wesikhombikubona esibonakalayo kanye nokusekelwa kwe-Magic Remote, i-webOS inikeza ulwazi lomsebenzisi olulula nolulula.
5. Uhlelo Lomsindo
Izinhlelo zomsindo kumathelevishini anamuhla nazo ziye zathuthuka kakhulu. Kusukela kuzikhulumi ezakhelwe ngaphakathi kuya ekusekeleni izinhlelo zomsindo zangaphandle, ikhwalithi yomsindo isibe yinto ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwamathelevishini akamuva.
Dolby Atmos
Amathelevishini amaningi akamuva asezingeni eliphezulu asekela i-Dolby Atmos, ubuchwepheshe bomsindo obudala ulwazi lomsindo olunezinhlangothi ezintathu. Lobu buchwepheshe buvumela umsindo ukuthi "uhambe" uzungeze igumbi, udale ulwazi olujulile, njengokungathi ungaphakathi kwesimo osibukayo.
Ibha yomsindo kanye nesistimu ezungezile
Imbobo ye-HDMI ARC (Audio Return Channel) noma i-eARC (enhanced Audio Return Channel) ivumela ithelevishini ukuthi ixhume izipikha zangaphandle noma ibha yomsindo. Lokhu kukhulisa ikhwalithi yomsindo, okuwusondeza kwikhwalithi yesinema.
6. Ukuxhumana
Ukuxhumana kungenye yezici ezibaluleke kakhulu kumabonakude akamuva njengoba kuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi baxhumane namadivayisi nezinsizakalo ezahlukahlukene.
I-HDMI
Imbobo ye-HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface) iyindinganiso embonini yokuxhuma amadivayisi omsindo namavidiyo. Amathelevishini anamuhla ngokuvamile anembobo eziningi ze-HDMI zokuxhuma amadivayisi ahlukahlukene njengemidlalo yama-console, abadlali be-Blu-ray, kanye nezinhlelo zomsindo.
USB
Imbobo ye-USB kuthelevishini ivumela abasebenzisi ukudlala okuqukethwe kusuka kudrayivu ye-USB noma idrayivu eyinkimbinkimbi yangaphandle, kanye nokunikeza inketho yokwandisa isitoreji sangaphakathi.
I-Wi-Fi ne-Ethernet
Ukuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi kubalulekile kuma-TV ahlakaniphile. Ukusekelwa kwe-Wi-Fi kanye ne-Ethernet port kuvumela i-TV ukuthi ixhumeke kunethiwekhi yasekhaya ukuze ifinyelele izinsizakalo zokusakaza, izibuyekezo zesofthiwe, nezinye izici eziku-inthanethi.
Bluetooth
I-Bluetooth ivumela omabonakude ukuthi baxhumane namadivayisi angenantambo njengama-headphone, abalawuli bemidlalo, kanye namakhibhodi ngaphandle kwesidingo sezintambo ezibonakalayo.
7. Ukulawula Okukude kanye Nesixhumi Esibonakalayo Somsebenzisi
Isixhumi esibonakalayo esihle somsebenzisi kanye nesilawuli kude esiphendulayo yizici ezibalulekile zesipiliyoni sethelevishini yesimanje.
Ukulawula Okukude Okuhlakaniphile
Amanye amathelevishini esimanje anezilawuli ezikude ezinikeza izici ezithuthukisiwe njengokulawula izwi, ama-touchpad, ngisho nokubona izimpawu. Isibonelo, i-Magic Remote ye-LG ivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bakhombe futhi bachofoze esikrinini njengegundane lekhompyutha.
Uhlelo Lokusebenza Lweselula
Ama-TV amaningi ahlakaniphile anikeza izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula ezingasetshenziswa njengezilawuli ezikude. Lokhu kuvumela abasebenzisi ukulawula ithelevishini nge-smartphone noma ithebhulethi yabo, kanye nokunikeza izinto ezengeziwe eziwusizo njengokufaka umbhalo ngokushesha kusetshenziswa ikhibhodi yefoni.
Umsizi Ongokoqobo
Ukuhlanganiswa nabasizi ababonakalayo njenge-Google Assistant, i-Amazon Alexa, noma i-Siri kuvumela abasebenzisi ukulawula ithelevishini yabo besebenzisa imiyalo yezwi. Lokhu kuwusizo ikakhulukazi ekuzulazuleni amamenyu, ekufuneni okuqukethwe, noma ekulawuleni amanye amadivayisi axhunyiwe.
Isiphetho
Omabonakude bamuva bahlonyiswe ngezingxenye ezahlukene ze-elekthronikhi ezithuthukisiwe eziqinisekisa ikhwalithi engcono yesithombe nomsindo, ukuxhumana okubanzi, kanye nokulula kokusetshenziswa. Kusukela kuzibonisi ze-OLED ezinikeza umehluko ophelele kuya kubaprosesa abathuthukile abaphatha izici ezahlukahlukene ezihlakaniphile, zonke lezi zingxenye zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwethelevishini yanamuhla.
Ngokuqhubeka kwentuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe, singalindela ukuthi amathelevishini aqhubeke nokuba yinkimbinkimbi futhi asebenziseke ngezindlela eziningi esikhathini esizayo. Ukuthuthukiswa kwezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwezici ezintsha kuzoqhubeka nokuthuthukisa ulwazi lokubuka futhi kushintshe indlela esisebenzisana ngayo nalawa madivayisi.
