Indima Yokuxhumana Ngezingcingo Kwezemfundo
Ukuthuthukiswa kokuxhumana kushintshe indlela abantu abaxhumana ngayo, abasebenza ngayo, futhi abafunda ngayo. Ngokomongo wemfundo, ukuxhumana akuyona nje ithuluzi elisekelayo, kodwa kuyisisekelo esibalulekile esenza inqubo yokufundisa nokufunda yenzeke ngebanga nangesikhathi. Kusukela ezingcingweni zocingo kanye nemiyalezo yombhalo kuya kwi-inthanethi esheshayo, ukuxhumana kuvula ukufinyelela kolwazi, kwandise ukufinyelela kwezinsizakalo zemfundo, futhi kukhuthaza ukuvela kwezindlela zokufunda eziguquguqukayo nezinobuciko. Lesi sihloko sixoxa ngendima yokuxhumana kwezemfundo, izinzuzo zayo, izinselele, kanye neziqondiso zentuthuko yesikhathi esizayo.
1. Ukuxhumana njengoxhumanisi wesikhala nesikhathi
Enye yezindima ezisobala kakhulu zokuxhumana yikhono layo lokuxhumanisa othisha nabafundi ngaphandle kokubadinga ukuba babe khona ngokoqobo. Ukufunda ibanga (i-PJJ) kwenziwa kube nokwenzeka nge-video conferencing, izingcingo zezwi, noma amapulatifomu okufunda aku-inthanethi. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni ezikude, ezifundeni zaseziqhingini, nasezimweni eziphuthumayo njengezinhlekelele zemvelo kanye nobhubhane.
Ngokuxhumana ngocingo, izikole zingabamba amakilasi ahambisanayo (bukhoma) ngezinhlelo zokusebenza zemihlangano yevidiyo, kanye namakilasi angahambisaniyo ngezingxoxo, ukuqoshwa kwamavidiyo, noma amamojula alayishiwe. Lokhu kuguquguquka kuvumela ukufunda ukuthi kuqhubeke noma ngabe abafundi banokuhamba okulinganiselwe noma ukufinyelela ezokuthutha.
2. Ukwandisa ukufinyelela ezinsizeni zokufunda
Ukuxhumana ngocingo kuvumela abafundi ukuthi bafinyelele uhla olubanzi kakhulu lwezinsiza zokufunda kunezincwadi ezitholakala emitatsheni yezincwadi yesikole. I-inthanethi inikeza amajenali esayensi, izihloko zemfundo, amavidiyo okufunda, ukulingisa okusebenzisanayo, imitapo yezincwadi yedijithali, ngisho nezifundo ezivulekile eziku-inthanethi (ama-MOOC). Lokhu kufinyelela ulwazi ngokushesha kusiza abafundi ukuthi bafunde ngokuzimela futhi kuthuthukise ukuqonda kwabo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, othisha basizwa ekutholeni izinto zokufundisa zakamuva, izindlela zokufundisa ezintsha, kanye nemiphakathi yobungcweti ukuze babelane ngemikhuba emihle kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukuxhumana ngocingo kusebenza "njengebhuloho" eliya ohlelweni lolwazi lomhlaba wonke olushintsha njalo.
3. Khuthaza ukusungula izinto ezintsha ezindleleni zokufunda
Ukuxhumana ngocingo kubangela ushintsho olukhulu ekufundeni kusukela ekufundeni okugxile kothisha kuya ekufundeni okugxile kakhulu kubafundi. Ngosizo lobuchwepheshe bokuxhumana, othisha bangasebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene ezifana nokufunda okuxubile (inhlanganisela yokufunda ubuso nobuso kanye ne-inthanethi), amakilasi aguquliwe (lapho izinto zifundwa khona ekhaya futhi kuxoxwe ngazo ekilasini), kanye nokufunda okusekelwe kumaphrojekthi okubandakanya ukubambisana okude.
Ukusebenzisana nakho kuye kwahlukahluka kakhulu. Abafundi bangabuza imibuzo ngengxoxo, baxoxe ngezihloko ezinkundleni zokuxhumana, noma bathumele imisebenzi ngedijithali. Ukuhlolwa kungenziwa ngisho kusetshenziswa imibuzo eku-inthanethi enikeza impendulo esheshayo. Konke lokhu kusheshisa inqubo yokufunda futhi kwenza isipiliyoni sihehe kakhulu.
4. Ukuqinisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwezikole, othisha, abafundi nabazali
Ukuxhumana ngezingcingo kudlala indima ebalulekile ekukhuthazeni ukuxhumana okuphumelelayo phakathi kwabathintekayo abahlukahlukene kwezemfundo. Izinhlelo zokusebenza zemiyalezo esheshayo, i-imeyili, kanye nezinhlelo zolwazi zesikole zisiza othisha ukuthi badlulise izimemezelo, amashejuli, izinto zokwakha kanye nenqubekela phambili yabafundi. Abazali bangaqapha izabelo zezingane zabo kanye nokuba khona kwazo, baxhumane nothisha begumbi lasekhaya, futhi bahlanganyele kakhulu ekusekeleni inqubo yokufunda.
Ezikoleni eziningi, amaqembu okuxhumana ekilasini asebenza njengendlela esheshayo yokuxhumanisa. Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwawo kudinga ukulawulwa ngokuziphatha kanye nemingcele ukuze kugwenywe ukudala umthwalo omkhulu wokuxhumana kothisha nabazali.
5. Ukuvula amathuba emfundo elinganayo
Imfundo elinganayo iyinselele enkulu emazweni amaningi, okuhlanganisa ne-Indonesia. Ukuxhumana kungaba yisihluthulelo sokunciphisa igebe ekufinyeleleni imfundo. Ngamanethiwekhi eselula kanye ne-inthanethi, izinto zokufunda zingafinyelela ezindaweni ezazingafinyeleleki ngaphambili. Izinhlelo zokuqeqesha othisha nazo zingaqhutshwa ku-inthanethi, ngakho-ke ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhono akugcini emadolobheni amakhulu.
Ezindaweni ezinengqalasizinda elinganiselwe, izixazululo ezifana nokufunda okusekelwe emsakazweni, ithelevishini yezemfundo, noma amamojula edijithali angaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi alethwa ngenethiwekhi ethile kungaba yindlela ehlukile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuxhumana ngocingo akudingeki ngaso sonke isikhathi kusho i-inthanethi esheshayo; okubalulekile ukuba khona kweziteshi zokuxhumana ezikwazi ukuxhumanisa izinsizakalo zemfundo nomphakathi.
6. Sekela ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhono ekhulu lama-21
Ukuxhumana ngezingcingo kudlala indima ekuthuthukiseni amakhono adingekayo enkathini yanamuhla, njengokufunda nokubhala ngedijithali, ukucabanga okubucayi, ukubambisana, kanye nokuxhumana. Abafundi abajwayele ukusebenzisa amapulatifomu aku-inthanethi ezingxoxweni, ezethulweni, kanye nomsebenzi weqembu bazokulungela kangcono izwe ledijithali eliya ngokuya likhula lemfundo ephakeme kanye nendawo yokusebenza.
Ngokuxhumana ngocingo, abafundi bangaxhumana neminye imiphakathi: ukuya emihlanganweni eku-inthanethi, ukubambisana nezikole kwezinye izifunda, noma ukuhlanganyela emincintiswaneni kazwelonke neyamazwe ngamazwe. Lokhu okuhlangenwe nakho kwakha ukuzethemba, ukuqonda kwamasiko, kanye namakhono okuxhumana phakathi kwesimo.
7. Izinselele nezingozi okudingeka zinqotshwe
Naphezu kwezinzuzo zayo ezibalulekile, ukusetshenziswa kwezokuxhumana kwezemfundo nakho kubhekene nezinselele eziningana. Okokuqala, ukuhlukana kwedijithali. Akubona bonke abafundi abanamadivayisi anele, ukufinyelela i-inthanethi okuzinzile, noma idatha eyanele. Lokhu kungaholela ekungalingani ekufundeni.
Okwesibili, udaba lwekhwalithi yokufunda. Ukufunda ku-inthanethi okubandakanya imisebenzi ngaphandle kokuxhumana okunenjongo kunganciphisa ugqozi nokuqonda kwabafundi. Othisha badinga ukuqeqeshwa ukuze baklame ukufunda ku-inthanethi okuphumelelayo nokuhehayo.
Okwesithathu, izingozi zokuphepha nobumfihlo. Ukusetshenziswa kwamapulatifomu edijithali kuvula amathuba okuvuza kwedatha, ukuxhashazwa kwe-inthanethi, kanye nokuchayeka kokuqukethwe okungafanele. Ngakho-ke, izikole zidinga ukusungula izinqubomgomo zokuphepha, imfundo yokufunda nokubhala yedijithali, kanye nesiqondiso sabazali.
Okwesine, izinselele zengqondo kanye nezenhlalo. Ukuxhumana ubuso nobuso kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwabalingiswa kanye namakhono okuxhumana nabantu. Ukufunda okusekelwe ekuxhumaneni ngocingo kudinga ukulinganisela nemisebenzi esekela impilo yengqondo, ukuzithiba, kanye nobudlelwano nabantu.
8. Isiqondiso sentuthuko yesikhathi esizayo
Kusukela manje, indima yokuxhumana kwezokuxhumana kwezemfundo izokhula ngokuthuthukiswa kwamanethiwekhi e-5G, i-cloud computing, kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa. Ukufunda kungaba yinto yomuntu siqu ngokuhlaziywa kwedatha yokufunda yabafundi, kuyilapho okuhlangenwe nakho kokufunda kungaba yinto ejulile kakhulu ngobuchwepheshe be-augmented reality (AR) kanye ne-virtual reality (VR). Kodwa-ke, le ntuthuko kumele ihambisane nezinqubomgomo ezisekela ukufinyelela okulinganayo.
Ukutshalwa kwezimali kwingqalasizinda yenethiwekhi, uxhaso lwesilinganiso sedivayisi nedatha yamaqembu asengozini, kanye nokuqeqeshwa okuqhubekayo kothisha kubalulekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikharikhulamu idinga ukufaka ulwazi lwedijithali, ukuziphatha kwe-inthanethi, kanye nokuphepha kwe-inthanethi njengezingxenye ezibalulekile zemfundo.
Isiphetho
Ukuxhumana ngezingcingo kudlala indima ebalulekile emfundweni yesimanje: ukuhlanganisa amabanga, ukwandisa ukufinyelela ezinsizeni zokufunda, ukukhuthaza ukusungula izinto ezintsha zokufunda, ukuqinisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwezikole namakhaya, kanye nokuvula amathuba okulingana kwezemfundo. Izinselele ezifana nokuhlukana kwedijithali, ikhwalithi yokufunda, kanye nezingozi zokuphepha kudingeka kubhekwane nazo ngokubambisana phakathi kohulumeni, izikole, abahlinzeki bezinsizakalo zokuxhumana, kanye nemiphakathi. Ngokusetshenziswa okufanele nangokulinganayo, ukuxhumana ngezingcingo kungaba ngumshayeli oyinhloko wemfundo ehlanganisa konke, evumelana nezimo, futhi efanelekile ezidingweni zekhulu lama-21.
