Indlela Yokubala Ukuphambuka Okujwayelekile
Ukuphambuka okujwayelekile kuyindlela yokulinganisa izibalo esetshenziswa kabanzi ekucubungulweni kwedatha. Ngokubala ukuphambuka okujwayelekile, singanquma ukuthi idatha ihluka noma isakazeka kangakanani kusukela kusilinganiso noma isilinganiso. Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngendlela yokubala ukuphambuka okujwayelekile ngokujulile ukuze ukwazi ukukusebenzisa ezimweni ezahlukene.
Ukuqonda Ukuphambuka Okujwayelekile
Ukuphambuka okujwayelekile kuyindlela yokulinganisa ukuthi idatha isakazeka kude kangakanani nesilinganiso. Ukuphambuka okujwayelekile okukhulu kubonisa ukuthi idatha inezinhlobo eziningi ezikude kakhulu nesilinganiso, kuyilapho ukuphambuka okuncane okujwayelekile kubonisa ukuthi idatha ihambisana kakhulu futhi iseduze nesilinganiso.
Izinyathelo Zokubala Ukuphambuka Okujwayelekile: Ngesandla
Ukuze siqonde izinzuzo zokubala ukuphambuka okujwayelekile, sizodlula ezinyathelweni zokubala sisebenzisa isibonelo sedatha esilula.
Isibonelo, sinedatha elandelayo: 10, 12, 23, 23, 16, 23, 21, 16
1. Ukubala isilinganiso (isilinganiso)
Isinyathelo sokuqala ukubala inani elimaphakathi (isilinganiso) sedatha ekhona.
\[ \text{Mean} = \frac{\sum X}{N} \]
Kuphi:
– \( \sum X \) yisamba sawo wonke amanani edatha.
– \( N \) inani ledatha.
Ngemininingwane yethu:
\[ \text{Mean} = \frac{10 + 12 + 23 + 23 + 16 + 23 + 21 + 16}{8} \]
\[ \text{Mean} = \frac{144}{8} \]
\[ \umbhalo{Isilinganiso} = 18 \]
2. Ukubala Umehluko Ku-Mean
Ngemva kokuthola isilinganiso, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukubala umehluko phakathi kwenani ngalinye ledatha kanye nesilinganiso, bese ulikhipha (susa isilinganiso kudatha ngayinye).
Amanani edatha okuqala: 10, 12, 23, 23, 16, 23, 21, 16
Umehluko ku-Mean: (10-18), (12-18), (23-18), (23-18), (16-18), (23-18), (21-18), (16-18)
Umehluko ku-Mean: -8, -6, 5, 5, -2, 5, 3, -2
3. Bala Isikwele Somehluko
Isinyathelo sesithathu ukukala umehluko ngamunye esiwubalile.
Isikwele somehluko: (-8)^2, (-6)^2, (5)^2, (5)^2, (-2)^2, (5)^2, (3)^2, (-2)^2
Isikwele somehluko: 64, 36, 25, 25, 4, 25, 9, 4
4. Ukubala Inani Eliphakathi Lomehluko Oyisikwele
Okulandelayo, sizobala isilinganiso somehluko oyisikwele. Ukuze senze lokhu, simane siwahlanganise ndawonye bese siwahlukanisa ngenani lamaphuzu edatha.
\[ \text{Isilinganiso sezikwele zomehluko} = \frac{64 + 36 + 25 + 25 + 4 + 25 + 9 + 4}{8} \]
\[ \text{Isilinganiso sezikwele zomehluko} = \frac{192}{8} \]
\[ \text{Isilinganiso somehluko oyisikwele} = 24 \]
5. Ukubala Umsuka Wesikwele Esimaphakathi Somehluko
Isinyathelo sokugcina ukubala impande yesikwele yesilinganiso sezikwele zomehluko.
\[ \text{Ukuphambuka Okujwayelekile} = \sqrt{24} \]
\[ \text{Standard Deviation} \cishe 4.9 \]
Indlela Yokubala Ukuphambuka Okujwayelekile nge-Excel
Nakuba ukubala ukuphambuka okujwayelekile ngesandla kusiza ukuqonda umqondo, emisebenzini yansuku zonke, kusebenza kahle kakhulu ukusebenzisa amathuluzi afana ne-Microsoft Excel. I-Excel inikeza imisebenzi yezibalo, okuhlanganisa nokubala ukuphambuka okujwayelekile okulula.
1. Faka idatha: Faka idatha kukholomu eyodwa ekhasini lokusebenzela le-Excel.
2. Ukusebenzisa Umsebenzi we-STDEV: Sebenzisa umsebenzi we-STDEV. Khetha ikholomu yedatha ngokuthayipha ifomula ethi `=STDEV(ububanzi)`. Isibonelo, uma idatha yakho ikumaseli A1 kuya ku-A8, ifomula ithi `=STDEV(A1:A8)`.
3. Thola Imiphumela: Imiphumela yokuphambuka ejwayelekile izovela kuseli lapho ubhale khona ifomula.
Ukuhunyushwa Kokuphambuka Okujwayelekile
Uma sesibale ngempumelelo ukuphambuka okujwayelekile, umbuzo olandelayo uthi siyichaza kanjani imiphumela?
1. Ukuphambuka Okuncane Okujwayelekile
Ukuphambuka okuncane okujwayelekile kubonisa idatha efanayo noma ehambisanayo uma kuqhathaniswa nesilinganiso. Ebhizinisini, isibonelo, ukuphambuka okuncane okujwayelekile kwemali engenayo yansuku zonke kubonisa ukuzinza kwemali engenayo.
2. Ukuphambuka Okujwayelekile Okukhulu
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuphambuka okukhulu okujwayelekile kubonisa idatha ehlakazekile kakhulu nengalingani. Lokhu kungabonisa ukuguquguquka okukhulu noma ukuhlukahluka kwedatha. Esimweni semfundo, ukuphambuka okukhulu okujwayelekile kumaphuzu okuhlolwa kwabafundi kubonisa ukungafani okukhulu ekuqondeni kwabafundi.
Isiphetho
Ukubala ukuphambuka okujwayelekile kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekuhlaziyweni kwedatha, ukulinganisa ukuhlukahluka kanye nokunikeza ukuqonda okujulile ngamasethi edatha ahlukahlukene. Ngokuqonda ukuthi singabala kanjani ukuphambuka okujwayelekile ngesandla kanye nokusebenzisa amathuluzi afana ne-Excel, singathola ukuzethemba okukhulu ekuphatheni nasekuhlaziyeni idatha.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi umongo nawo udlala indima ebalulekile ekuchazeni ukuphambuka okujwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, cabanga njalo ukuthi idatha imelani nokuthi ingathonya kanjani izinqumo zakho.
Ngokuqonda okuqinile kokuthi ungabala kanjani futhi uhumushe kanjani ukuphambuka okujwayelekile, ungathuthukisa amakhono akho okuhlaziya idatha futhi wenze izinqumo ezingcono ngokusekelwe kulolo datha.
