Abesifazane Abavelele Emlandweni Womhlaba
Umlando womhlaba ugcwele abesifazane abashiye uphawu olungenakucimeka. Baye bafakazela ukuthi isibindi, ubuhlakani, namandla awazi ubulili. Laba besifazane badlale indima ebalulekile emikhakheni eyahlukene, kusukela kwezombusazwe nesayensi kuya kwezobuciko kanye nokulwela amalungelo abantu. Lesi sihloko sizohlola abanye besifazane abavelele abashintshe inkambo yomlando womhlaba.
1. UCleopatra VII (69-30 BC)
UCleopatra VII wayeyindlovukazi yokugcina yoBukhosi bukaPtolemaic eyabusa iGibhithe. Njengowesifazane ohlakaniphile futhi onethonya, uCleopatra wayaziwa ngamakhono akhe kwezepolitiki kanye nezokuxhumana. Wabusa iGibhithe ngempumelelo ngesikhathi sesiyaluyalu ngokusebenzisana okuhlelekile nabantu baseRoma abanjengoJulius Caesar noMark Antony. Impilo yakhe eyisimanga, okuhlanganisa nobudlelwano bakhe nalaba baholi ababili baseRoma kanye nokufa kwakhe okudumile ngokulunywa yinyoka, kuye kwaphefumulela imisebenzi eminingi yobuciko nezincwadi.
2. UJoan wase-Arc (1412-1431)
UJoan wase-Arc, owaziwa nangokuthi uJeanne d'Arc, uyiqhawekazi lesizwe laseFrance kanye nosanta eSontweni LamaKatolika. Lapho eneminyaka eyi-17, uJoan wahola amabutho aseFrance ngokumelene namaNgisi ngesikhathi seMpi Yeminyaka Eyikhulu, ekholelwa ukuthi wayeqondiswa yisambulo saphezulu. Isibindi sakhe nokuzimisela kwakhe kwaphefumulela isizwe saseFrance futhi kwaholela ochungechungeni lokunqoba okubalulekile. Kodwa-ke, uJoan wagcina ebanjwe, waquliswa icala, washiswa esigxotsheni njengomuntu ohlubukayo. Eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-400 ngemva kokufa kwakhe, wavuselelwa yiSonto LamaKatolika futhi wagcotshwa njengosanta.
3. U-Elizabeth I waseNgilandi (1533-1603)
U-Elizabeth I, owaziwa nangokuthi “iNdlovukazi Eyintombi,” wabusa iNgilandi iminyaka ecishe ibe ngu-45, isikhathi esaziwa ngokuthi iNkathi ka-Elizabeth. Indodakazi kaHenry VIII no-Anne Boleyn, u-Elizabeth wayaziwa ngokuhlakanipha kwakhe, inqubomgomo yakhe yezangaphandle ehlakaniphile, kanye nokuzibophezela ekuzinzeni kwenkolo nakwezepolitiki. Ngaphansi kokubusa kwakhe, iNgilandi yabhekana nokwanda kwamandla kanye nokwanda kwamasiko, okuhlanganisa nokuhlola kwabantu abanjengoSir Francis Drake noWilliam Shakespeare.
4. UMarie Curie (1867-1934)
UMarie Curie wayengusosayensi wefiziksi nosokhemisi wasePoland-French odumile ngocwaningo lwakhe ngemisebe. Wayengowesifazane wokuqala ukuwina uMklomelo weNobel futhi engumuntu kuphela owine iMiklomelo yeNobel kokubili kwifiziksi nakwekhemistri. Ukuthola kwakhe izinguquko zezinto i-radium ne-polonium akuzange kugcine nje ngokuvula indlela yentuthuko eyengeziwe kwifiziksi yenuzi kanye ne-radiotherapy yezokwelapha kodwa futhi kwaguqula ukuqonda kwethu isakhiwo se-athomu. Ukuzinikela kwakhe kanye nocwaningo lwakhe oluyingozi ekugcineni kwamlahlekisela impilo yakhe, ngenxa yokuchayeka emisebeni.
5. Amapaki kaRosa (1913-2005)
URosa Parks wayengomunye wabantu ababaluleke kakhulu kwi-American Civil Rights Movement. Ngo-1955, eMontgomery, e-Alabama, uParks wenqaba ukunikeza umgibeli omhlophe isihlalo sakhe ebhasini, isenzo esabangela ukuQotshwa kweBhasi laseMontgomery. Isenzo sakhe saba uphawu lokumelana nobandlululo ngokobuhlanga ngaphandle kobudlova. Isibindi sikaRosa Parks saphefumulela abaningi futhi sadlala indima ebalulekile ekuqedweni kwemithetho yokuhlukanisa e-United States.
6. Malala Yousafzai (1997-manje)
UMalala Yousafzai ungumgqugquzeli wemfundo yamantombazane wasePakistan futhi ungowesifazane omncane kunabo bonke owake wathola uMklomelo Wokuthula KaNobel. Eseneminyaka eyi-15, wasinda emzamweni wokubulawa yiTaliban ngenxa yokufuna imfundo yamantombazane eMingora, ePakistan. Isibindi sakhe sokumelana nokucindezelwa nokuzibophezela emfundweni sikhuthaze abaningi emhlabeni jikelele. UMalala uyaqhubeka nokulwela imfundo ngeMalala Fund.
7. UFrida Kahlo (1907-1954)
UFrida Kahlo wayengumdwebi waseMexico owaziwa ngemisebenzi yakhe yokuzindla, evame ukuthinta izihloko zomuntu siqu nezabesifazane. Naphezu kokuthola ingozi ebuhlungu eyamncisha ukuhamba nempilo yakhe, uKahlo wahlala ekhiqiza, eveza ukuhlupheka kwakhe nokuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe ngemidwebo yakhe ehlukile. Ubhekwa njengomuntu obalulekile kwezobuciko bekhulu lama-20 kanye nesithonjana sobufeministi.
8. U-Emmeline Pankhurst (1858-1928)
U-Emmeline Pankhurst wayengumholi wenhlangano yaseBrithani yokuvota, esekela ukuvota kwabesifazane. UPankhurst wasungula i-Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU) futhi wasebenzisa amasu ahlukahlukene okubhekana ukuze adonsele ukunaka embangweni wokuvota kwabesifazane. Ukuqina kwakhe kanye nokuqina kwakhe ekulweni kwakhe nokulingana ngokobulili kushiye ifa elibalulekile emlandweni wamalungelo abantu.
9. U-Indira Gandhi (1917-1984)
U-Indira Gandhi wayenguNdunankulu waseNdiya futhi wayengowesifazane wokuqala ukubamba lesi sikhundla. Wasebenza njengoNdunankulu waseNdiya iminyaka ecishe ibe yi-15, ethatha izikhawu ezimbili ezihlukene. Ngaphansi kokubusa kwakhe, iNdiya yabhekana nezinguquko eziningi zomnotho nezenhlalo. Kodwa-ke, isikhathi sakhe sokuba yiNdunankulu sasigcwele impikiswano, okuhlanganisa nokubekwa kwesimo esiphuthumayo kusukela ngo-1975 kuya ku-1977. Naphezu kwalokhu, ithonya lakhe kwezepolitiki zaseNdiya lalilikhulu kakhulu, futhi ukhunjulwa njengomunye wabaholi besifazane abanethonya kakhulu emhlabeni.
10. U-Ada Lovelace (1815-1852)
U-Ada Lovelace wayengusosayensi wezibalo waseNgilandi nombhali owaziwa njengomhleli wekhompyutha wokuqala. Wasebenza noCharles Babbage ku-Analytical Engine, futhi amanothi akhe emshinini abhekwa njengama-algorithm okuqala aklanyelwe ukusetshenziswa yikhompyutha. Iminikelo yakhe ekubaleni yaqashelwa isikhathi eside ngemuva kokushona kwakhe, futhi ubhekwa njengophayona ezweni lobuchwepheshe.
I-Penutup
Laba besifazane abavelele bamane nje bayizibonelo ezimbalwa zabesifazane abaningi abashintshe umlando womhlaba. Ngokudlula ngesibindi imingcele yendabuko nokubhekana nezinselele ezinkulu, bavule indlela yokuthi izizukulwane ezizayo ziqhubeke nomsebenzi wazo kanye nempumelelo yazo. Bafakazele ukuthi indima yabesifazane emlandweni ayinakushaywa indiva, futhi iminikelo yabo iyaqhubeka nokukhuthaza nanamuhla. Izazi-mlando zanamuhla, abacwaningi, kanye nezishoshovu ziyaqhubeka nokuthola nokuqaphela abesifazane abavelele kakhulu okungenzeka ukuthi bebengaqashelwa amakhulu eminyaka, beqinisekisa ukuthi ifa labo liyaqhubeka futhi liyaqashelwa.
