Ifomula yokushaja kagesi kanye namandla kagesi

Imibuzo yesibonelo namafomula okushaja kagesi kanye namandla kagesi

Ukushaja kukagesi

1. Amashaja amabili afanayo, ngalinye linesisindo esingu-m = 9√3 x 10 ^-4 kg, alengiswe endaweni efanayo kusetshenziswa intambo enobude obungu-l = 1 imitha. Uma amashaja amabili ehlukaniswe ngebanga elingu-a = 1 imitha, khona-ke ubukhulu beshaja ngayinye….

A. Ama-microcoulomb angu-4
B. ama-microcoulomb amabili
C. 1 i-microcoulomb
D. 0,5 microcoulomb

Ingxoxo
Kuyaziwa ukuthi:
Amacala amabili afanayo asho amacala amabili afanayo, lapho amacala afanayo ephikisana.
Ubude bentambo (l) = 1 imitha
Ibanga phakathi kwamacala amabili (r) = 1 imitha
Isisindo seshaja (m) = 9√3 x 10^-4 kg
Ukusheshisa ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi (g) = 10 m/s²
Amandla adonsela phansi (w) = mg = (9√3 x 10^-4 kg)(10 m/s²) = 9√3 x 10^-3 Newton
Kubuziwe : Ubukhulu beshaja ngayinye (q)
Impendulo:

Isihlokwana:
F = Amandla kagesi acindezelayo phakathi kwemithwalo 1 no-2
w₁ = Isisindo sebhola 1
w₂ = Isisindo sebhola 2
T₁ = Amandla okucindezela intambo 1
T_1x = Ingxenye yamandla okucindezela entambo 1 ku-x-axis
T_1y = Ingxenye yamandla okucindezela entambo 1 ku-y-axis
T₂ = Amandla okucindezela intambo 2
T_2x = Ingxenye yamandla okucindezela entambo 2 ku-x-axis
T_2y = Ingxenye yamandla okucindezela entambo 2 ku-y-axis
l₁ = ubude bentambo 1
l_1x = ingxenye yobude bentambo ku-x-axis
l_1y = ingxenye yobude bentambo ku-y-axis

Bala inani le-cos θ:

Bala amandla okucindezela entambo (T ₁ ):

Bala inani le-sin θ:

Bala ingxenye yamandla okucindezela entanjeni ku-x-axis (T _1x ):

Amabhola amabili alingana ukuze u-T _1x = F = 9 x 10 ^-3 Newton

Bala inani lebhola ngalinye usebenzisa ifomula yomthetho kaCoulomb:

Ubukhulu beshaja ngayinye buyi-1 x 10^-6 I-Coulomb noma i-microCoulomb eyodwa.
Impendulo efanele ngu-C.

Ukwenza into ishajelwe ngogesi

1. Izindlela ezimbili zokunika into ishaja kagesi yilezi….
A. Ukuhlikihla kanye ne-electromagnetism
B. Ukungenisa kanye ne-electromagnetism
C. Ukuhlikihla nokungenisa
D. Ukungeniswa kanye nokufakwa komagnetization
Ingxoxo
Izindlela ezimbili zokunika into ishaja ngogesi ukuhlikihla kanye nokungenisa.
Ukuhlikihla kuyindlela yokwenza into ibe nokushaja kagesi okuhle noma okubi ngokuhlikihla into ngenye into, isibonelo ukuhlikihla induku yengilazi ngoboya noma ukuhlikihla ikamu lepulasitiki ngezinwele ezomile. Ngesikhathi sokungqubuzana, ama-electron ahamba esuka kwenye into aye kwenye ukuze into eyodwa ibe nama-electron amaningi (angenawo ama-proton) bese ishaja kabi kanti enye into inokuntuleka kwama-electron (angenawo ama-proton) bese ishaja kahle.
Ukungenisa kuyindlela yokwenza into ishajwe ngokusondeza into eshajwe eduze kwebhola lensimbi elingathathi hlangothi, kodwa ngaphandle kokulithinta. Into ezoshajwa kumele ibe nama-electron amahhala, njengoba lawa ma-electron amahhala anganyakaza lapho eshukunyiswa yinto eshajwe ngogesi. Izinto zensimbi ngokuvamile zinama-electron amahhala. Izinto ezifana nengilazi, ipulasitiki, noma ukhuni azikwazi ukwenziwa zishajwe ngogesi ngokufaka ngoba lezi zinto azinawo ama-electron amahhala.
Impendulo efanele ngu-C.

Izinhlobo zokushaja kagesi

2. Izinto ezine ezishajayo (P, Q, R kanye no-S) ziziphatha kanje. U-P no-Q bayaxoshana, u-P no-R bayadonselana, u-R no-S bayaxoshana. Yisiphi kulezi zinkulumo ezilandelayo esinembile?
A. Uma u-P eshajwe kabi, khona-ke u-S ushajwe kabi.
B. Uma u-Q eshajwe kabi, khona-ke u-S ushajwe kabi.
C. Uma u-R eshajwe kabi, khona-ke u-P ushajwe kabi
D. Uma u-S eshajwe kabi, khona-ke u-P ushajwe kahle.
Ingxoxo
U-P no-Q bayaxoshana ngoba u-P no-Q banokushaja okufanayo.
U-P no-R bayakhangana, ngakho-ke u-P no-R banezilinganiso ezingafani
U-R no-S bayaxoshana, ngakho-ke u-R no-S banecala elifanayo

Ngakho-ke uma u-P no-Q bekhokhiswa kahle, u-R no-S bakhokhiswa kabi noma uma u-P no-Q bekhokhiswa kabi, u-R no-S bakhokhiswa kahle.
Impendulo efanele ngu-D.

3. Imibuzo ye-National Science Olympiad ka-2011 yezikole zamabanga aphezulu zase-Junior ezingeni le-Regency/Dolobha No. 59
Kuthiwa into ishajwa kahle uma...
A. Into ithola amaphrotoni
B. Izinto zikhulula ama-proton
C. Izinto zithola ama-electron
D. Izinto zikhulula ama-electron
Ingxoxo
Ama-proton ashajwa kahle, kuyilapho ama-electron eshajwa kabi. Ama-proton atholakala enkabeni yama-athomu, ewavimbela ukuthi asuke kwenye into aye kwenye. Ama-electron, ngakolunye uhlangothi, atholakala ebusweni bama-athomu, okuwavumela ukuthi asuke kwenye into aye kwenye. Izinto zishajwa ngogesi ngokukhulula ama-electron noma ukuthola ama-electron. Uma into ithola ama-electron, iba nama-electron amaningi (ukuntuleka kwama-proton), okuholela ekushajweni okungekuhle. Uma into ikhipha ama-electron, iba nama-electron amaningi (ukwanda kwama-proton), okuholela ekushajweni okuhle.
Ngakho-ke ngokusekelwe embuzweni ongenhla, kuthiwa into ineshaja enhle uma into ikhipha ama-electron.
Impendulo efanele ngu-D.

Amandla kagesi

4. Amashaji amabili kagesi e-Q ngalinye₁ kanye no-Q₂ ikude i-R inamandla okuxosha angu-100 N. Uma ibanga eliphakathi kwamacala amabili lincishisiwe libe yi-1/3 R, khona-ke amandla okuxosha amacala kagesi aba….
A. 33,33 N
B. 100 N
C. 300 N
D. 900 N
Ingxoxo
Kuyaziwa ukuthi:
Ishaja kagesi 1 = Q₁
Ishaja kagesi 2 = Q₂
Ibanga phakathi kwamacala amabili = R
Amandla okuxosha phakathi kwamacala amabili (F) = 100 Newtons
Amandla okuxosha asho ukuthi womabili amashaja kagesi angohlobo olufanayo, kokubili amahle noma womabili amabi.
Kubuziwe: Uma ibanga eliphakathi kwamacala amabili lincishisiwe libe yi-1/3 R, khona-ke amandla okuxosha kagesi aba...
Impendulo:
Ifomula yomthetho kaCoulomb:
F = k Q₁ Q₂ /R₂
Ake sithi u-R = 1 bese kuba inani lika-Q₁.Q₂ kungabalwa:

Uma ibanga eliphakathi kwamacala amabili lincishisiwe libe yi-1/3 R, khona-ke amandla okuxosha kagesi (F) aba:

Impendulo efanele ngu-D.

5. Ishaja yephoyinti Q₁ = +4e kanye nenkokhelo yephoyinti Q₂ = -3e zibanjwe ebangeni elingamamitha angu-0,3 ukusuka komunye nomunye, njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi. Ukuze amandla kagesi asebenze ekushajeni Q₂ kungu-zero, ishaja yephoyinti u-Q₃ = +16e kufanele ibekwe ku….
A. 0,3 m ngakwesobunxele se-Q₁
B. 0,6 m ngakwesokudla kwe-Q₁
C. 0,6 m ngakwesokudla kwe-Q₂
D. 0,9 m ngakwesobunxele se-Q₂
Ingxoxo
Kuyaziwa ukuthi:
Ukushaja kwe-electron (-e) noma i-proton (+e) = 1,60 x 10^-19 I-Coulomb
Inkokhelo yephoyinti Q₁ = +4e
Inkokhelo yephoyinti Q₂ = -3e
Inkokhelo yephoyinti Q₃ = +16e
Ibanga eliphakathi kwephoyinti elikhokhisa u-Q₁ kanye neshaja yephoyinti Q₂ = 0,3 imitha
Umbuzo: Ukuze amandla kagesi asebenze ngokushaja Q₂ kungu-zero, ishaja yephoyinti u-Q₃ = +16e kufanele ibekwe ku….
Impendulo:
Amandla kagesi phakathi kwamashaji Q₁ kanye neshaja Q₂ :

Ishaja Q ₁ ilungile kanti ishaja Q ₂ imbi ngakho isiqondiso samandla kagesi F ₁₂ singakwesobunxele (ngakwesokushaja Q ₁ ).

Ukuze amandla kagesi aphumelayo asebenze ngokushaja Q₂ kungu-zero bese ubukhulu bamandla kagesi phakathi kwamacala Q₂ kanye neshaja Q₃ (F₃₂) = ubukhulu bamandla kagesi phakathi kwamacala Q₁ kanye neshaja Q₂ (F₁₂) kanye nesiqondiso F₃₂ kumele kube okuphambene nesiqondiso sika-F₁₂. Isiqondiso F₁₂ ngakwesobunxele yingakho isiqondiso F₃₂ kumele uye kwesokudla. Khumbula u-Q₃ unethemba futhi u-Q₂ kuyishaji engemihle, ngakho-ke isiqondiso sika-F₃₂ ngakwesokudla bese kuba ukushaja u-Q₃ kumele ibekwe ngakwesokudla kwe-Q₂

Ibanga phakathi kweshaja Q ₂ kanye neshaja Q ₃ libalwa kusetshenziswa ifomula yomthetho kaCoulomb:

Impendulo efanele ngu-C.

Umthombo wombuzo:

Imibuzo ye-OSN yeFiziksi yeSikole Samabanga Aphezulu