Ama-Binoculars Ezibuko Zamehlo Ze-Optical Instrument Formula

Imibuzo yesibonelo namafomula ezinsimbi zokukhanya, amehlo, izibuko, ama-binocular

Mata

1. Enye yezinsimbi zokubona zemvelo yiso. Enkambisweni yokubona, kwakheka isithombe...

1. Yiqiniso, iqonde phezulu, ngqo ku-retina
2. Iqiniso, elihlanekezelwe, ngqo ku-retina
3. Okubonakalayo, okuqondile, kwesokudla ku-retina
4. UMaya, ebheke phansi, ngqo ku-retina

Ingxoxo
Iphuzu eliseduze leso elivamile elijwayelekile lingu-25 cm. Iphuzu eliseduze yibanga eliseduze kakhulu iso elingaligxila. Ububanzi beliso lomuntu buncane kuno-25 cm, ngakho-ke ubude obuqondile belensi yeso nabo buncane kuno-25 cm. Ngakho-ke, ibanga (ama) lento kumele libe likhulu kunobude obuqondile besistimu yelensi yeso (f).

Uhlelo lwelensi yamehlo luyilensi egobile. Ngakho-ke, isithombe esakhiwe uhlelo lwelensi yamehlo ngesikhathi senqubo yokubuka sinezakhiwo ezifanayo nesithombe esakhiwe ilensi egobile. Izici zesithombe esakhiwe uhlelo lwelensi yamehlo lapho ibanga lento (s) likhulu kunobude obuqondile (f), zifaka:
- Iqiniso noma eliyiqiniso
- Ukubuyela emuva
– Kuncishisiwe
- Ngakwesokudla kwe-retina

Isithombe kumele sibekwe kahle ku-retina ngoba i-retina iguqula amaza okukhanya abe izimpawu zikagesi ezidluliselwa ebuchosheni. Ngisho noma isithombe siphendukezelwe, ubuchopho bomuntu busenza siqonde, ngakho izinto ezibonwa yiso zibonakala ziqonde.

Impendulo efanele ingu-B.

Izibuko

2. Umuntu unendawo eseduze engu-16 cm kanye nendawo ekude engu-80 cm. Uma egqoka izibuko, angabona izinto ezikude kakhulu ngokucacile. Ngokusebenzisa lezi zibuko, ibanga lokuya entweni eseduze kakhulu angalibona ngokucacile….

1. 13 1/3 cm
2. 20 cm
3. 36 cm
4. 48 1/3 cm

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Kuyaziwa ukuthi:
Iphuzu lomuntu lingama-80 cm kuphela, ngakho-ke kungaphethwa ngokuthi umuntu ubona kude.
Ukubona eduze kwenzeka ngoba uhlelo lwelensi yeso lugobile kakhulu noma alunasicaba kangako kunalokho okufanele lube yikho esweni elivamile, okunciphisa ubude balo bokugxila. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi imisebe yokukhanya evela ezintweni ezingapheli (indawo ekude) igxile phambi kwe-retina esikhundleni sokubheka i-retina.
Kubuziwe: Ibanga lento eseduze kakhulu elingabonakala kahle kusetshenziswa izibuko
Impendulo:
Iphuzu lomuntu elikude lingu-80 cm. Amalensi engilazi kufanele akhe isithombe esingaphambi kwakhe esingu-80 cm. Isithombe siphambi kweso kanye namalensi engilazi, ngakho isithombe sibonakala siqondile futhi siqondile. Ngakho-ke ibanga (s') lesithombe = -80 cm.
Uma umuntu egqoka izibuko, angabona izinto ezikude kakhulu ngokucacile. Ngakho ibanga lento = iphuzu elikude leso elivamile = okungapheli = ~.

Ubude be-focal ye-eyepiece:
1/f = 1/s + 1/s'
1/f = 1/~ + (- 1/80)
1/f = 0 – 1/80
1/f = – 1/80
f = – 80/1
f = – 80 cm
Ubude obuqondile obungaqondile busho ukuthi ilensi yengilazi yamehlo esetshenziswayo ilensi egobile noma ilensi ehlukanisayo.

Uma umuntu esebenzisa amalensi afanayo ezibuko zamehlo, ibanga elingakanani lento eseduze engabonakala kahle? Ubude be-focal yelensi (f) = -80 cm. Ilensi kumele yakhe isithombe ebangeni elingama-16 cm phambi kweso kanye nelensi ukuze isithombe sibe ngokoqobo futhi sibe nophawu olubi. Ngakho ibanga lesithombe (s') = -16 cm.
1/s = 1/f – 1/s' = -1/80 – (-1/16) = -1/80 + 1/16 = -1/80 + 5/80 = 4/80
s = 80/4 = 20 cm.
Into eseduze kakhulu angayibona kahle ingamasentimitha angama-20.
Impendulo efanele ingu-B.

3. Izibuko ziyithuluzi lokukusiza ukuthi ubone kahle. Uvame ukubona abangani bakho begqoke izibuko. Indlela efanele yokukhanya kwemisebe ngamalensi abawagqokile abangani bakho iwusebenzisa kanjani?

Ingxoxo

Ilensi yengilazi esetshenzisiwe, ngokusekelwe esithombeni, ilensi egobile. Indlela yokukhanya okungenayo okujikijelwe yilensi egobile kufanele ibe njengasempendulweni B.

4. Bheka isithombe esilandelayo sendlela yokukhanya edlula esweni ngaphambi nangemva kokugqoka izibuko. Ngokusekelwe esithombeni, kungaphethwa ngokuthi…
Ingxoxo
Ukubona kude = i-hypermetropia
Ilensi eguqukayo = ilensi eqondile = ilensi enhle
Impendulo efanele ingu-B.

Ama-Binocular

5. Ukukhulisa isibonakude esingamasentimitha ayi-10 ubude kungu-3. Ubude obuqondile bento kanye nobude obuqondile besithombe samehlo ngokulandelana….

1. 5 cm kanye no-5 cm
2. 7,5 cm kanye no-2,5 cm
3. 2,5 cm kanye no-7,5 cm
4. 4 cm kanye no-6 cm

Ingxoxo
Kuyaziwa ukuthi:
Ukukhulisa i-binocular (M) = 3
Ubude beteleskopu (l) = 10 cm
Kubuziwe: Ubude be-focus yelensi eqondile kanye nobude be-focus yelensi ye-eyepiece
Impendulo:
Ifomula yobude beteleskopu (l) lapho iso lisesimweni esincane sokufakwa:
l = f_ob +f_ok
10 cm = f_ob +f_ok  - Isibalo 1

Ifomula yokukhulisa ama-binoculars (M) lapho iso lisesimweni esilinganiselwe:
M = f_ob /f_ok
3 = f_ob /f_ok
f_ob = 3 f_ok - Isibalo 2

Faka esikhundleni u-f_ob kuqhubeke isibalo 1 no-f_ok kuqhubeke isibalo 2 :
10 cm = f_ob +f_ok 
10 cm = 3 f_ok +f_ok 
10 cm = 4 f_ok
f_ok = 10 cm / 4
f_ok = 2,5cm
Ubude be-focal yelensi ye-eyepiece = 2,5 cm
Ubude be-focal belensi eqondile = 3 f_ok = 3 (2,5 cm) = 7,5 cm

Ubude obuqondile belensi eqondiwe kanye nobude obuqondile belensi ye-eyepiece bungu-7,5 cm no-2,5 ​​cm ngokulandelana.
Impendulo efanele ingu-B.

Umthombo wombuzo:

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