Ithonya Lama-hormone Emoyeni Nasemizweni
Ama-hormone adlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni isimo sengqondo nemizwa yomuntu. Ama-hormone ayizakhi zamakhemikhali ezikhiqizwa yizindlala ze-endocrine futhi akhishwe egazini, ethwala imiyalezo eya ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba ukulawula imisebenzi yezinto eziphilayo. Nakuba imisebenzi yawo ihlanganisa konke kusukela ekukhuleni nasekugayweni komzimba kuya ekuzaleni, ama-hormone nawo athonya kakhulu isimo sengqondo somuntu kanye nesimo sakhe sengqondo.
1. Ithonya Lama-hormone Ocansi
Ama-hormone ocansi, okuhlanganisa i-estrogen, i-progesterone, kanye ne-testosterone, adlala indima ebalulekile ezindabeni zemizwa kanye nemizwa. Izinguquko kula mazinga ama-hormone zivame ukuhlotshaniswa nokushintshashintsha okukhulu kwemizwa.
- I-Estrogen kanye Nesimo Sengqondo
Amazinga e-estrogen kwabesifazane ayashintshashintsha ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini, ukukhulelwa, kanye nokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini. Lezi zinguquko zivame ukubangela ukushintshashintsha okukhulu kwemizwa. Isibonelo, abesifazane abaningi babika ukuthi babhekene nezimpawu ze-premenstrual syndrome (PMS), okuhlanganisa ukucasuka, ukukhathazeka, kanye nokucindezeleka. I-estrogen idlala indima ekwandiseni i-serotonin, i-neurotransmitter ehilelekile ekulawuleni imizwa. Ukwehla kwamazinga e-estrogen, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, kungaholela ezimpawini zokucindezeleka nokukhathazeka.
- I-Progesterone kanye ne-Mood
I-progesterone nayo inomthelela omkhulu esimweni sengqondo. Le hormone inomphumela wokuzola owaziwa ngokukhuthaza ubuthongo nokunciphisa ukukhathazeka. Kodwa-ke, amazinga e-progesterone aphansi noma ukungalingani phakathi kwe-estrogen ne-progesterone kungaholela ezimpawini zemizwa ezifana nokucindezeleka, ukucasuka, nokukhathazeka.
- I-Testosterone kanye Nesimo Sengqondo
I-Testosterone yaziwa ngokuthi i-hormone yesilisa, kodwa ikhona nakwabesifazane ngamanani amancane. Amazinga aphansi e-testosterone kwabesilisa angabangela izimpawu ezifana nokukhathala, ukucindezeleka, kanye nokuncipha kwesifiso sobulili. Kwabesifazane, amazinga aphansi e-testosterone angathinta nesimo sengqondo namandla.
2. Umphumela Wama-hormone Okucindezeleka: i-Cortisol
I-Cortisol iyi-hormone ekhiqizwa yizindlala ze-adrenal ukuphendula ukucindezeleka. I-Cortisol ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-hormone yokucindezeleka ngenxa yendima yayo empendulweni yomzimba "yokulwa noma yokubaleka". Ukwanda kwesikhashana kwamazinga e-cortisol kusiza umzimba ukuthi ubhekane nezimo ezicindezelayo ngokwandisa amandla nokugxila. Kodwa-ke, lapho umuntu ebhekene nokucindezeleka okungapheli, amazinga aphezulu e-cortisol angabangela izinkinga zempilo yengqondo nengokomzwelo njengokukhathazeka, ukucindezeleka, ukuqwasha, kanye nokukhubazeka kwengqondo.
Ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-cortisol kanye nemizwa bubonisa nokuthi ukucindezeleka okungapheli kungaholela ezinguqukweni esakhiweni nasekusebenzeni kobuchopho, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezihambisana nokulawulwa kwemizwelo, njenge-hippocampus kanye ne-amygdala. Le miphumela ingafaka ukuphazamiseka ekhonweni lomzimba lokulawula imizwa, okuholela ekuphazamisekeni kwemizwelo okuqhubekayo.
3. Ithonya Lama-hormone E-thyroid
Ama-hormone e-thyroid, okuhlanganisa i-triiodothyronine (T3) kanye ne-thyroxine (T4), akhiqizwa yi-thyroid gland futhi adlala indima ekulawuleni i-metabolism yomzimba. I-hormone ye-thyroid eningi kakhulu noma encane kakhulu ingabangela izinguquko ezinkulu esimweni sengqondo nasenhlalakahleni yemizwa.
- I-Hypothyroidism
I-Hypothyroidism, isimo lapho i-thyroid gland ingakhiqizi ama-hormone anele, ivame ukuhlotshaniswa nezimpawu zokucindezeleka nokukhathala. Abantu abane-hypothyroidism bavame ukuba nokuzola, ukungakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo kahle, kanye nemizwa yokucindezeleka okungachazeki.
- I-Hyperthyroidism
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-hyperthyroidism (isimo esibonakala ngokuba ne-hormone ye-thyroid eningi) ingabangela izimpawu ezifana nokukhathazeka, ukucasuka, kanye nokuphazamiseka kokulala. Abantu abane-hyperthyroidism bavame ukuzizwa benamandla ngokweqile, becasukile, futhi bethambekele ekushintsheni kwemizwelo.
4. Ithonya Le-Oxytocin Hormone
I-Oxytocin ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi “i-hormone yothando” ngenxa yendima yayo ekuhlanganiseni abantu, othandweni, kanye nobudlelwano phakathi kwabantu. Le hormone ikhishwa ngobuningi ngesikhathi sokubeletha kanye nokuncelisa, kanye nangesikhathi semisebenzi ehilela ukuhlanganiswa kwabantu, njengokwanga noma ukuxhumana nabantu obathandayo.
Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi amazinga aphezulu e-oxytocin angandisa imizwa yenjabulo, ukwethembana, kanye nozwela, kanye nokunciphisa ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka. Ngakho-ke, i-oxytocin idlala indima ebalulekile ekudaleni nasekulondolozeni ukuxhumana okuqinile komphakathi, okusekela inhlalakahle engokomzwelo neyengqondo.
5. Ithonya Le-Melatonin Hormone
I-Melatonin iyi-hormone ekhiqizwa yi-pineal gland ebuchosheni futhi idlala indima enkulu ekulawuleni umjikelezo wokulala nokuvuka (isigqi se-circadian). Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Melatonin kuvame ukwanda ebusuku ukuze kukhuthazwe ukulala futhi kunciphe ekuseni ukuze kukhuthazwe ukuvuka.
Ukungalingani ekukhiqizweni kwe-melatonin, njengalokho okwenziwa yizisebenzi zamashifu noma labo abavame ukundiza ezindaweni zesikhathi, kungaphazamisa amaphethini okulala futhi kwandise ingozi yokuphazamiseka kwemizwelo njengokucindezeleka nokukhathazeka. Ukulala okwanele nokusezingeni eliphezulu kubalulekile empilweni yengqondo nengokomzwelo, futhi i-melatonin idlala indima ebalulekile kule nqubo.
6. Ithonya Le-Hormone Serotonin
I-Serotonin iyi-neurotransmitter esebenza njenge-hormone, idlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni imizwa, ubuthongo, isifiso sokudla, kanye nokuziphatha. I-Serotonin ivame ukwaziwa ngokuthi "i-hormone yenjabulo" ngenxa yendima yayo ekugcineni imizwa yenjabulo kanye nenhlalakahle.
Ukungalingani kwamazinga e-serotonin ebuchosheni kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nezinkinga zemizwa ezifana nokucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, kanye nesifo sokungalawuleki kwengqondo (OCD). Ama-antidepressant amaningi asebenza ngokwandisa amazinga e-serotonin ebuchosheni, okubonisa ukubaluleka kwale hormone ekulawuleni inhlalakahle yemizwa.
Isiphetho
Ama-hormone athonya isimo sethu sengqondo nemizwa ngezindlela ezahlukene, kusukela ekushintsheni kwama-hormone ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini kuya ekucindezelekeni kanye nezinkinga ze-thyroid. Ukulondoloza ibhalansi yama-hormone ngendlela yokuphila enempilo, ukuphathwa kokucindezeleka, kanye nokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufanele kungasiza ekusekeleni impilo yengqondo engcono kanye nenhlalakahle yemizwa. Ukuqonda indima yama-hormone esimweni sengqondo nasemizweni kunganikeza ukuqonda okubalulekile kanye nosizo ekubhekaneni nasekuvimbeleni ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa okuhlobene nokungalingani kwama-hormone.
