I-physics

Incazelo yokunyakaza okuqondile okufanayo

Into ibhekana nokunyakaza okulinganayo okuqondile uma ijubane lento lingaguquguquki. Ijubane lihlanganisa ubukhulu kanye nesiqondiso sejubane. Isiqondiso sejubane = isiqondiso sokufuduka = ​​isiqondiso sokunyakaza. Isiqondiso sejubane lento engaguquguquki = isiqondiso sokunyakaza kwento engaguquguquki, noma isiqondiso sokunyakaza kwento engaguquki = into ihamba iqonde. Ubukhulu bejubane noma isivinini buhlala bunjalo = ijubane lihlala lifana ngaso sonke isikhathi.

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Incazelo yokunyakaza okuqondile okungalingani

Ukunyakaza okuqondile okungalingani kuwukunyakaza ngokusheshisa okungaguquki. Ngamanye amazwi, ukunyakaza okuqondile okungalingani = ukunyakaza okukhuliswa kokusheshisa kungaguquki futhi isiqondiso sokusheshisa singaguquki. Isiqondiso sokusheshisa singaguquki = isiqondiso sejubane singaguquki = isiqondiso sokufuduka singaguquki = isiqondiso sokunyakaza singaguquki = into ihamba emgqeni oqondile. Ubukhulu bokusheshisa okungaguquki busho ukuthi ubukhulu bejubane noma isivinini buyanda njalo.

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Isihloko mayelana nokunyakaza kwe-Free Fall

Empilweni yansuku zonke, sivame ukubona izinto ezizwa ukunyakaza kokuwa, isibonelo, ukunyakaza kwesithelo esiwa esihlahleni, ukunyakaza kwezinto eziwa noma eziwa zisuka ekuphakameni okuthile. Kungani izinto zizwa ukunyakaza kokuwa ngokuwa? Uma kubhekwa ngokushesha, into izwa ukuwa ngokukhululekile njengokungathi inesivinini esinqunyiwe, noma ngamanye amazwi into ayisheshi. Iqiniso lokuthi kwenzeka, yonke into ewa ngokukhululekile izwa ukusheshisa okuqhubekayo. Lesi sizathu sibangela ukunyakaza kokuwa ngokukhululekile, okuhlanganisa nesibonelo sokunyakaza okuqondile okungafani. Ungakufakazela kanjani ukuthi izinto ezizwa ukuwa ngokukhululekile zizwa ukusheshisa okuqhubekayo noma ukwanda kwesivinini sazo?

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Isihloko mayelana nokunyakaza okujikelezayo okufanayo

Empilweni yansuku zonke, sivame ukuhlangana nezinto ezihamba ngokujikeleza okufanayo. Isibonelo sento ehamba ngokujikeleza okufanayo yinaliti yesibili, inaliti yemizuzu, kanye nenaliti yewashi ewashini le-analog. Inaliti yesibili ihlala ijikeleza nge-engeli engu-360 ^o imizuzwana engu-60 (umzuzu owodwa) noma ijikeleza nge- engeli engu ^{-6 o} umzuzwana owodwa. Inaliti yemizuzu ihlala ijikeleza nge-engeli engu-360 ^o imizuzu engu-60 (ihora elilodwa) noma ijikeleza nge-engeli engu-6 ^o umzuzu owodwa. Inaliti yehora nayo ihlala ijikeleza nge-engeli engu-360 ^o amahora angu-24 (usuku olulodwa). Uma into ihamba ngendilinga evamile njengenaliti yesibili, inaliti yemizuzu, noma inaliti yewashi kuthiwa izinto zenza ukunyakaza okujikelezayo. Ungacabanga ngezibonelo zezinto ezihamba ngokujikeleza?

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Inani le-physics ekuhambeni okujikelezayo lihlanganisa ukufuduka kwe-angular, ijubane le-angular, kanye nokusheshisa kwe-angular.

1. Ukufuduka kwe-Angular (θ)

Ukufuduka endaweni ethile ngokunyakaza okujikelezayo kubizwa ngokuthi ukufuduka kwe-angular. Ngakho-ke, ukufuduka kwe-angular okuhlanganisa nobuningi be-vector kunesilinganiso kanye nesiqondiso. Isiqondiso sokufuduka kwe-angular sivame ukuvezwa ngendlela yewashi (ngokwewashi noma ngokuphambene newashi).

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zokushintsha kwe-angular. Okokuqala, idigri (o). Umjikelezo owodwa wendilinga ulingana no-360^o. Okwesibili, ukuguquka. Umjikelezo owodwa wendilinga ulingana nokuguquka okukodwa. Okwesithathu, ama-radian. Bheka isithombe esingezansi. Uma into ihamba ngendilinga khona-ke u-r = irediyasi yendilinga, u-x = ubude bendlela eyindilinga edlula kuyo into = umjikelezo wendilinga.

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Isihloko mayelana nokunyakaza kwe-Projectile nezinkinga zesampula ngezixazululo

Ijubane lokuqala (v)_o) kanye nengxenye yejubane lokuqala (v_ox kanye v_oy)

Into ekunyakaza kwayo okufana nokufana nokufana okuhlala kunesivinini sokuqala. Ngenxa yokuthi ukunyakaza okufana nokufana kuyinhlanganisela yokunyakaza eziqondisweni ezivundlile neziqondile, ijubane lokuqala liphinde libe nezingxenye ezivundlile neziqondile.

Uma into ihamba ngendlela eyisimangaliso njengaseZithombeni 1 no-3 khona-ke ijubane lokuqala ohlangothini oluvundlile (v _ox ) kanye nejubane lokuqala ohlangothini oluvundlile (v _oy ) kubalwa kusetshenziswa i-equation:

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Isihloko mayelana nomthetho kaNewton wokunyakaza

1. Incazelo yamandla

Amandla yinto ebangela ukuba izinto zisheshise. Ngamanye amazwi, amandla yinto ehambayo, emisa, noma eshintsha indlela yokunyakaza kwento. Amandla ayinani le-vector, ngakho-ke, anobukhulu kanye nesiqondiso. Uphawu lwamandla ngu-F (Amandla). U-F uphawu olujwayelekile lwamandla. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zamandla futhi akuwona wonke amandla anophawu u-F. Iyunithi yesistimu yamazwe ngamazwe ingu-kg m/s2 aka Newton.

2. Incazelo yamandla aphelele

Amandla aphumayo (ΣF) yisamba sawo wonke amandla asebenza entweni. Amandla ayinani levektha, ngakho-ke amandla aphelele abalwa ngokusekelwe emthethweni wokwengeza ivektha.

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1. Incazelo yamandla okungqubuzana

Ukungqubuzana kuwukuhudula okusebenza phakathi kwezinto ezithintanayo. Kulesi sihloko, amandla okungqubuzana afundwe ahlobene namandla okungqubuzana asebenza phakathi kwezindawo ezimbili zomzimba eziqinile ezithintanayo. Njengokungqubuzana phakathi kwesisekelo sogongolo kanye nobuso bephansi, ukungqubuzana phakathi kwesisekelo sezicathulo kanye nobuso bephansi, ukungqubuzana phakathi kwamasondo emoto kanye nobuso bomgwaqo.

Amandla okungqubuzana ahlala esebenza ebusweni bezinto eziqinile ezithintana, noma ngabe izinto zibushelelezi kakhulu. Ngisho nezindawo ezibushelelezi empeleni zilukhuni kakhulu esikalini esincane kakhulu. Lapho into ihamba, lezi zingqimba ezincane kakhulu ziphazamisa ukunyakaza. Ezingeni le-athomu, ukuphuma ebusweni kubangela ukuthi ama-athomu asondele kakhulu kwezinye izindawo, ukuze amandla kagesi phakathi kwama-athomu akhe izibopho zamakhemikhali, njengokuhlangana phakathi kwezindawo ezimbili zento ehambayo. Lapho into ihamba, isibonelo uma ucindezela incwadi ebusweni betafula, ukunyakaza kwencwadi kuhlangabezana nezithiyo futhi ekugcineni kuyeke. Lokhu kungenxa yokwakheka nokukhululwa kwesibopho.

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Isihloko mayelana nomthetho kaNewton wamandla adonsela phansi omhlaba wonke

Esihlokweni somthetho kaNewton, kwafundwa ukuthi yonke into eqala ukuphumula iba yizinyathelo, noma noma iyiphi into eqala ukunyakaza iba yizinyathelo uma kukhona “into” ehambayo noma evimba into. Into ethile ibizwa ngokuthi “amandla”. Kungani isithelo siwa noma sihamba siye ebusweni bomhlaba ngemva kokuba sikhishwe esiqwini? Umthetho kaNewton uthi uma isithelo sihamba, kumele kube namandla asebenza esithelweni. Amandla abangela isithelo noma iyiphi into ukuba iwele ebusweni bomhlaba abizwa ngokuthi amandla adonsela phansi.

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Isihloko mayelana nensimu yamandla adonsela phansi kanye namandla ensimu yamandla adonsela phansi

Uma ucindezela incwadi phezu kwetafula kuze kube yilapho incwadi inyakaza, isandla sakho sithinta incwadi. Ngokufanayo, uma ubopha into ngentambo, bese uyidonsa ize inyakaze, isandla sakho sithinta intambo, intambo ithinta into. Kulokhu, amandla okusunduza, amandla okudonsa, amandla okucindezela entambo, kanye namandla anjengalawa abizwa ngokuthi amandla okuthinta noma amandla okuthinta. Amandla adonsela phansi oMhlaba adonsa izithelo eziwela ebusweni bomhlaba. Noma, amandla adonsela phansi omhlaba adonsa inyanga emzileni womhlaba ayenzeka ngaphandle kokuthintana phakathi komhlaba nezithelo nenyanga.

Ngakho-ke, amandla adonsela phansi noma amandla anjengalawa abizwa ngokuthi amandla angathinti. Izithelo zingawa kanjani kanti inyanga “ingawela” emhlabeni ngaphandle kokuthintana phakathi komhlaba nezithelo nenyanga? Ososayensi, kuhlanganise noNewton , bakuthole kunzima ukucabanga ngomqondo wamandla angathinti. Ukuze kucatshangelwe kalula futhi kuqondwe umqondo wamandla angathinti, kuphakama umqondo wensimu.

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