Ama-EMF alandelanayo futhi ahambisanayo

Ama-EMF alandelanayo futhi ahambisanayo

Uma kunemithombo emibili noma ngaphezulu ye-electromotive (emf) exhunyiwe njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni, i-emf ihlelwe ngochungechunge.

Okulinganayo voltage umthombo (ε) uthi:

ε = ε₁ + ε₂ + ε_n

Ukumelana kwangaphakathi okulinganayo (r) yilokhu:

r = r₁ +r₂ +r_n

Ugesi ogeleza ngokumelana kwangaphandle (R) uthi:

Mina = ε / (r + R)

Inkinga yesampula:

Ake sithi amabhethri amabili i-emf ngayinye ingu-1.5 Volt kanti inani lokumelana kwangaphakathi kubhethri ngalinye lingu-0.1 Ω. Ukumelana kwangaphandle (R) = 10 Ω. Isiqondiso samandla kagesi ngokwewashi.

Sebenzisa ifomula yangaphambilini:

ε = 1.5 + 1.5 = 3 Volt

r = 0.1 + 0.1 = 0.2 Ω

I = ε / (r + R) = 3 / (0.2 + 10)

Mina = 3/10.2

Mina = 0.294 A

Sebenzisa umthetho wesibili kaKirchhoff:

1.5 – 0.1 I + 1.5 – 0.1 I – 10 I = 0

3 – 0.2 I – 10 I = 0

3 – 10.2 I = 0

3 = 10.2 I

Mina = 3/10.2

Mina = 0.294 A

Uma kunemithombo emibili noma ngaphezulu ye-electromotive (emf) exhunyiwe njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni, i-emf ixhunywe ngokuhambisana.

Umthombo we-voltage olinganayo (ε) ngu:

ε = ε₁ = e₂ = e_n

Ukumelana kwangaphakathi okulinganayo (r) yilokhu:

1/r = 1/r₁ + 1/r₂ + 1/r_n

Ugesi ogeleza ngokumelana kwangaphandle (R) uthi:

Mina = ε / (r + R)

Inkinga yesampula:

Ake sithi amabhethri amabili i-emf ngayinye ingu-1.5 Volt kanti inani lokumelana ebhethrini ngalinye lingu-0.1 Ω. Ukumelana kwangaphandle (R) = 10 Ω.

Sebenzisa ifomula yangaphambilini:

ε = 1.5 Volt

1/r = 1/0.1 + 1/0.1 = 2 / 0.1

r = 0.1 / 2 = 0.05 Ω

I = ε / (r + R) = 1.5 / (0.05 + 10) = 1.5 / 10.05

Mina = 0.149 A

Sebenzisa umthetho kaKirchhoff

Faka isicelo I-KirchhoffUmthetho wokuqala ka-'s:

I₁ + Mina₂ = Mina ……. Isibalo 1

Hlaziya i-Aefca loop. Indlela i-loop eqondiswa ngayo ihambisana newashi. Sebenzisa umthetho wesibili kaKirchhoff:

ε₂ - I₁ r₂ – IR = 0

1.5 – 0.1 I₁ – 10 I = 0

– 0.1 I₁ = 10 I – 1.5

I₁ = (10 I – 1.5) / – 0.1

I₁ = -100 I + 15 ………. I-equation 2

Hlaziya iluphu ye-Befdb. Indlela iluphu eqondiswa ngayo ihambisana newashi. Sebenzisa umthetho wesibili kaKirchhoff:

ε₁ - I₂ r₁ – IR = 0

1.5 – 0.1 I₂ – 10 I = 0

- I-0.1 I₂ = 10 I – 1.5

I₂ = (10 I – 1.5) / – 0.1

I₂ = -100 I + 15 ………. I-equation 3

Faka izilinganiso 2 no-3 ku-equation 1 esikhundleni:

I₁ + Mina₂ = Mina

-100 I + 15 – 100 I + 15 = I

– 200 I + 30 = I

30 = I + 200 I

30 = 201 I

Mina = 30/201

Mina = 0.149 A

Susa isibalo 2 no-3:

I₁ = -100 I + 15

I₂ = -100 I + 15

——————– –

I₁ - I₂ = 0

I₁ = Mina₂ ……. Isibalo 4

Ngoba mina₁ + Mina₂ = Mina, lapho mina₁ = Mina₂ ngase ngi₁ = Mina₂ = 1/2 I = 1/2 (0.149) = 0.0745 A.