Amanethiwekhi eGurumuda
Into ibona ukunyakaza okuqondile okufanayo uma ijubane lento lihlala linjalo. Ijubane lihlanganisa ubukhulu kanye nesiqondiso sejubane. Isiqondiso sejubane = isiqondiso se Ukuhambisa = isiqondiso sokunyakaza. Isiqondiso sejubane lento engaguquki = isiqondiso sokunyakaza kwento engaguquki, noma isiqondiso sokunyakaza kwento engaguquki = into ihamba iqonde. Ubukhulu bejubane noma isivinini buhlala njalo = isivinini sihlala sifana ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Ukunyakaza okuqondile okungalingani kuwukunyakaza kokusheshisa okungaguquki. Ngamanye amazwi, ukunyakaza okuqondile okungalingani = ukunyakaza okukhuliswa kokusheshisa kungaguquki futhi isiqondiso sokusheshisa singaguquki. Isiqondiso sokusheshisa singaguquki = isiqondiso sejubane singaguquki = isiqondiso se Ukuhambisa kuyinto engaguquki = isiqondiso sokunyakaza sihlala njalo = into ihamba emgqeni oqondile. Ubukhulu be ukusheshisa okuqhubekayo kusho ukuthi ubukhulu bejubane noma isivinini buyanda njalo.
Empilweni yansuku zonke, sivame ukubona izinto ezizwa ukunyakaza kokuwa, isibonelo, ukunyakaza kwesithelo esiwa esihlahleni, ukunyakaza kwezinto eziwa noma eziwa zisuka ekuphakameni okuthile. Kungani izinto zizwa ukunyakaza kokuwa ngokukhululekile? Uma kubhekwa ngokushesha, into izwa ukuwa ngokukhululekile njengokungathi inesivinini esinqunyiwe, noma ngamanye amazwi into ayisheshi. Iqiniso lokuthi kwenzeka, yonke into ewa ngokukhululekile izwa ukusheshisa okuqhubekayo. Lesi sizathu sibangela ukunyakaza kokuwa ngokukhululekile, okuhlanganisa nesibonelo sokunyakaza okuqondile okungafani. Indlela yokufakazela ukuthi izinto ezizwa ukuhlangenwe nakho kokuwa ngokukhululekile ukusheshisa okuqhubekayo noma ukwanda kwayo ngesivinini?
Empilweni yansuku zonke, sivame ukuhlangana nezinto ezihamba ngendlela efanayo yokuzungeza. Isibonelo sento ehamba ngendlela efanayo ukunyakaza okuyindilinga yisandla sesibili, isandla semizuzu, kanye nenaliti yewashi ewashini le-analog. Inaliti yesibili ihlala ijikeleza nge-engeli engu-360o ye-60 imizuzwana (umzuzu owodwa) noma ijikeleza ku-6o i-engeli yomzuzwana owodwa. Inaliti yemizuzu ihlala ijikeleza ku-360o jika i-engeli imizuzu engama-60 (ihora elilodwa) noma ujikeleze ku-6o i-engeli yomzuzu owodwa. Inaliti yehora nayo ihlala ijikeleza ama-360o amahora angama-24 (usuku olulodwa). Uma into ihamba ngendilinga evamile njengenaliti yesibili, inaliti yemizuzu, noma inaliti yewashi kuthiwa lezo zinto zenza ukunyakaza okujikelezayo. Ungacabanga ngezibonelo zezinto ezihamba ngendilinga?
Inani le-physics ekuhambeni okujikelezayo lihlanganisa ukufuduka kwe-angular, ijubane le-angular, kanye nokusheshisa kwe-angular.
Ukufuduka endaweni ethile ngokunyakaza okujikelezayo kubizwa ngokuthi ukufuduka kwe-angular. Ngakho-ke, ukufuduka kwe-angular okuhlanganisa nobuningi be-vector kunesilinganiso kanye nesiqondiso. Isiqondiso sokufuduka kwe-angular sivame ukuvezwa ngendlela yewashi (ngokwewashi noma ngokuphambene newashi).
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zokushintsha kwe-angular. Okokuqala, idigri (o). Umjikelezo owodwa wendilinga ulingana no-360o. Okwesibili, ukuguquka. Umjikelezo owodwa wendilinga ulingana nokuguquka okukodwa. Okwesithathu, ama-radian. Bheka isithombe esingezansi. Uma into ihamba ngendilinga khona-ke u-r = irediyasi yendilinga, u-x = ubude bendlela eyindilinga edlula kuyo into = umjikelezo wendilinga.
Into ekunyakaza kwayo okufana nokufana nokufana okuhlala kunesivinini sokuqala. Ngenxa yokuthi ukunyakaza okufana nokufana kuyinhlanganisela yokunyakaza eziqondisweni ezivundlile neziqondile, ijubane lokuqala liphinde libe nezingxenye ezivundlile neziqondile.
Uma into ihamba ngendlela eyisimangaliso njengaseZithombeni 1 no-3 khona-ke ijubane lokuqala ohlangothini oluvundlile (vox) kanye nesivinini sokuqala ohlangothini oluqondile (voy) zibalwa kusetshenziswa i-equation:
Amandla yinto ebangela ukuba izinto zisheshise. Ngamanye amazwi, amandla yinto ehambayo, emisa, noma eshintsha indlela yokunyakaza kwento. Amandla ayinani le-vector, ngakho-ke, anobukhulu kanye nesiqondiso. Uphawu lwamandla ngu-F (Amandla). U-F uphawu olujwayelekile lwamandla. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zamandla futhi akuwona wonke amandla anophawu u-F. Iyunithi yesistimu yamazwe ngamazwe ingu-kg m/s2 aka Newton.
Amandla aphumayo (ΣF) yisamba sawo wonke amandla asebenza entweni. Amandla ayinani levektha, ngakho-ke amandla aphelele abalwa ngokusekelwe emthethweni wokwengeza ivektha.
Ukungqubuzana kuwukuhudula okusebenza phakathi kwezinto ezithintanayo. Kulesi sihloko, amandla okungqubuzana afundwe ahlobene namandla okungqubuzana asebenza phakathi kwezindawo ezimbili zomzimba eziqinile ezithintanayo. Njengokungqubuzana phakathi kwesisekelo sogongolo kanye nobuso bephansi, ukungqubuzana phakathi kwesisekelo sezicathulo kanye nobuso bephansi, ukungqubuzana phakathi kwamasondo emoto kanye nobuso bomgwaqo.
Amandla okungqubuzana ahlala esebenza ebusweni bezinto eziqinile ezithintana, noma ngabe izinto zibushelelezi kakhulu. Ngisho nezindawo ezibushelelezi empeleni zilukhuni kakhulu esikalini esincane kakhulu. Lapho into ihamba, lezi zingqimba ezincane kakhulu ziphazamisa ukunyakaza. Ezingeni le-athomu, ukuphuma ebusweni kubangela ukuthi ama-athomu asondele kakhulu kwezinye izindawo, ukuze amandla kagesi phakathi kwama-athomu akhe izibopho zamakhemikhali, njengokuhlangana phakathi kwezindawo ezimbili zento ehambayo. Lapho into ihamba, isibonelo uma ucindezela incwadi ebusweni betafula, ukunyakaza kwencwadi kuhlangabezana nezithiyo futhi ekugcineni kuyeke. Lokhu kungenxa yokwakheka nokukhululwa kwesibopho.
In the subject of Newton’s law, it was learned that every object which is initially rest becomes moves, or any object that initially moves becomes rest if there is “something” that moves or stops the object. Something is called “force”. Why does the fruit fall or move towards the surface of the earth after it is released from the stem? Newton’s law states that if the fruit moves, there must be a force acting on the fruit. The force that causes fruit or any object to fall towards the surface of the earth is called the amandla adonsela phansi.
Uma ucindezela incwadi phezu kwetafula kuze kube yilapho incwadi inyakaza, isandla sakho sithinta incwadi. Ngokufanayo, uma ubopha into ngentambo, bese uyidonsa ize inyakaze, isandla sakho sithinta intambo, intambo ithinta into. Kulokhu, amandla okusunduza, amandla okudonsa, amandla okucindezela entambo, kanye namandla anjengalawa abizwa ngokuthi amandla okuthinta noma amandla okuthinta. Amandla adonsela phansi oMhlaba adonsa izithelo eziwela ebusweni bomhlaba. Noma, amandla adonsela phansi omhlaba adonsa inyanga emzileni womhlaba ayenzeka ngaphandle kokuthintana phakathi komhlaba nezithelo nenyanga.
Ngakho-ke, amandla adonsela phansi noma amandla anjengalawa abizwa ngokuthi amandla angathinti. Izithelo zingawa kanjani bese inyanga “iwe” emhlabeni ngaphandle kokuthintana phakathi komhlaba nezithelo nenyanga? Ososayensi, okuhlanganisa Newton, kunzima ukucabanga ngomqondo wamandla angathinti. Ukuze ucabange kalula futhi uqonde umqondo wamandla angathinti, kuphakama umqondo wensimu.
