Ukuhlukanisa Izinhlobo Zezifo Ezikhukhwini
Izinkukhu, njengezinkukhu, amadada, nama-pheasant, ziyimpahla ebalulekile embonini yezilwane. Kodwa-ke, izifo zezinkukhu zingabangela ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwezomnotho futhi zibangele izinkinga zempilo ezilwaneni nakubantu. Ngakho-ke, ukuqonda nokuhlukanisa phakathi kwezinhlobo zezifo zezinkukhu kubalulekile kubalimi, odokotela bezilwane, kanye namabhizinisi kulo mkhakha. Lesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zezifo zezinkukhu, izimpawu zazo, izimbangela, kanye nezinyathelo zokuvimbela kanye nokwelapha ezingaba khona.
Isifo Esibangelwa Yigciwane
Isifo saseNewcastle (ND)
Isifo se-Newcastle singesinye sezifo ezithelelanayo kakhulu zenkukhu. Sibangelwa yi-Avian Paramyxovirus uhlobo 1.
Isibonakaliso
– Ukuphefumula: Ukukhwehlela, ukuthimula, kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula.
– Uhlelo Lwezinzwa: Ukudlikizela, ukukhubazeka, kanye ne-torticollis (intamo egobile).
– Ukugaya ukudla: Uhudo oluluhlaza kanye nokuncipha kwesifiso sokudla.
Ukuvimbela Nokwelapha
Ukugoma njalo kusebenza kahle kakhulu ekuvimbeleni i-ND. Ukwelashwa akutholakali, ngakho ukuvimbela kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokwenza.
I-Avian Influenza (AI)
Umkhuhlane wezinyoni, noma umkhuhlane wezinyoni, ubangelwa yigciwane lomkhuhlane wohlobo A. Ukuvimbela i-AI kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba ezinye izinhlobo zingadluliselwa kubantu.
Isibonakaliso
– Ukucindezeleka, ukwehla kokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda, kanye nezimpaphe ezikhuhlane.
– Ukuvuvukala okuzungeze ikhanda, intamo kanye namehlo.
– Ngemuva kwalokho, kungase kube nokukhwehlela, ukuthimula, kanye nohudo.
Ukuvimbela Nokwelapha
Imijovo ye-AI ingasetshenziswa ukuvikela izinkukhu, yize ukusebenza kwayo kuyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lwegciwane. Akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwe-AI, futhi izinyoni ezithelelekile zivame ukudinga ukubulawa ukuze kuvinjelwe ukusabalala.
Izifo Zamagciwane
I-colibacillosis
I-Colibacillosis ibangelwa yibhaktheriya i-Escherichia coli.
Isibonakaliso
– Ukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla.
– Ukwehlisa isisindo kanye noboya obungacwebezeli.
– Isisu esikhulu kanye nokucindezeleka esiswini.
Ukuvimbela Nokwelapha
Ukuhlanzeka okuhle kanye nokuhlanzeka kuyizinyathelo ezibalulekile zokuvimbela. Ama-antibiotic angasetshenziswa ekwelapheni, kodwa ukukhetha ngokucophelela kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukumelana namagciwane.
Salmonellosis
I-Salmonellosis ukutheleleka ngamagciwane okubangelwa uhlobo lwe-Salmonella.
Isibonakaliso
– Uhudo olunzima kanye nokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.
– Ukucindezeleka kanye nokuncipha kwesifiso sokudla.
– Ukufa okuphezulu kwamachwane.
Ukuvimbela Nokwelapha
Ukugoma kanye nemikhuba eqinile yokuhlanzeka kungasiza ekuvimbeleni lesi sifo. Ama-antibiotic angasetshenziswa futhi, kodwa kumele anqunywe udokotela wezilwane.
Isifo Sezibungu
ICoccidiosis
I-Coccidiosis ukutheleleka okubangelwa yi-protozoa yohlobo lwe-Eimeria.
Isibonakaliso
– Uhudo olunegazi.
– Ukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla kanye nesisindo.
– Ukufa okuphezulu ezinyonini ezincane.
Ukuvimbela Nokwelapha
Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi yokwelapha i-cocciostatics ekudleni kungavimbela ukutheleleka. Ukwelashwa ngemithi yokwelapha i-coccidial kungadingeka uma izinyoni sezivele zithelelekile.
I-Aspergillosis
I-Aspergillosis ukutheleleka kwesikhunta okubangelwa yi-Aspergillus fumigatus.
Isibonakaliso
– Ubunzima bokuphefumula.
– Ukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla.
– Izilonda emaphashini nasendleleni yokuphefumula.
Ukuvimbela Nokwelapha
Ukuqinisekisa indawo eyomile nengenasikhunta kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela. Ama-antifungal angasetshenziswa ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu zokutheleleka.
Izifo Zokudla Okunempilo Nezokugaya Ukudla
Ama-rickets
Ama-ricket avame ukwenzeka ngenxa yokuntuleka kwevithamini D, i-calcium, noma i-phosphorus.
Isibonakaliso
– Amathambo abuthakathaka futhi aphuka kalula.
– Ukukhula okubambezelekile.
– Ukukhubazeka kwamathambo.
Ukuvimbela Nokwelapha
Qinisekisa ukuthi ukudla kwenyoni yakho kulinganisela amavithamini namaminerali anele. Ukwengezwa kwe-calcium ne-vitamin D kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni lesi simo.
I-Ascites Syndrome
I-Ascites Syndrome yenzeka ngenxa yoketshezi oluningi emigodini yomzimba, okuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nezinkinga zokuphefumula noma zokujikeleza kwegazi.
Isibonakaliso
– Ubunzima bokuphefumula.
– Ukukhulisa isisu.
– Ukufa okuzumayo.
Ukuvimbela Nokwelapha
Ukuphathwa kahle kwemvelo, okuhlanganisa nokungena komoya okufanele, kuyindlela eyinhloko yokuvimbela. Ukwelashwa ngokuvamile akusebenzi uma isimo sesibucayi.
Ezinye Izifo Nezinkinga
Isifo sikaMarek
Isifo sikaMarek sibangelwa igciwane le-herpes futhi sithinta kakhulu isimiso sezinzwa kanye nesokuzivikela komzimba sezinyoni.
Isibonakaliso
– Izimila ezithweni ezahlukene zomzimba.
– Ukukhubazeka kwamaphiko nemilenze.
– Ukufa okusheshayo ngemva kokuvela kwezimpawu.
Ukuvimbela Nokwelapha
Ukugoma kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokuvimbela iSifo sikaMarek, njengoba kungekho ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kwalesi sifo.
I-Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD)
Isifo Sokusha Kwegazi Esithelelanayo siwukutheleleka ngegciwane okuhlasela i-bursa ye-Fabricius (isitho esikhethekile se-lymphoid ezinyonini).
Isibonakaliso
– Ukucindezeleka kanye nokuncipha kwesifiso sokudla.
– Uhudo olumhlophe.
– I-Limbampulli ekhula ibe ukukhubazeka.
Ukuvimbela Nokwelapha
Ukugoma kunganciphisa ukwanda kwalesi sifo. Ukwelashwa akutholakali, ngakho-ke ukuvimbela kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokwenza.
Isiphetho
Ukuqonda izinhlobo zezifo zezinkukhu, izimpawu zazo, nokuthi ungazivimbela kanjani futhi uzelapha kubalulekile ekugcineni impilo yezinkukhu kanye nokukhiqiza. Ngokuphathwa okufanele, inhlanzeko, kanye nokugoma njalo, izifo eziningi zezinkukhu zingavinjelwa. Uma kuvela izimpawu, thintana nodokotela wezilwane ngokushesha ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okunembile kanye nokwelashwa okufanele. Khumbula, ukuvimbela kungcono njalo kunokwelapha, ikakhulukazi uma kukhulunywa ngokugcina impilo yezinkukhu kanye nokusimama kwebhizinisi lakho lezinkukhu.
