Ukusebenza Kahle Kwemishini Yokudoba Yanamuhla
Intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe emkhakheni wezokudoba ezibanjwayo ishintshe indlela abadobi abathola futhi babambe ngayo izinhlanzi. Nakuba ukudoba okuphumelelayo ngaphambili kwakuncike kakhulu kokuhlangenwe nakho kanye nezimpawu zemvelo, imishini yesimanje manje isiza ekuthuthukiseni ukunemba, isheshise inqubo yokudoba, futhi inciphise izindleko zokusebenza. Kodwa-ke, ukusebenza kahle kwemishini yokudoba yesimanje akukalwa nje kuphela ngobuningi bezinhlanzi ezibanjwayo, kodwa futhi nangokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, isikhathi sokusebenza, ukuphepha, ikhwalithi yezinhlanzi, kanye nomthelela wazo ekusimeni kwezinsiza zasolwandle. Lesi sihloko sixoxa ngendlela imishini yokudoba yesimanje esebenza ngayo, ukusebenza kahle kwayo, kanye nezinselele kanye nezimiso zokusetshenziswa kwayo okuqhubekayo.
Ukuqonda okushiwo ukusebenza kahle ekudobeni
Ukusebenza kahle emkhakheni wezokudoba ngokubamba yikhono lokukhiqiza umkhiqizo omkhulu kakhulu ngokufakwa okuncane kakhulu. Imiphumela ingaba ngesimo senani lezinhlanzi, inani lazo kwezomnotho, noma ikhwalithi yokubamba. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinto ezifakwayo zifaka uphethiloli, amahora okusebenza, iqhwa kanye nokuthutha, ukulungiswa kwemikhumbi, kanye nezingozi zokusebenza. Ngakho-ke, imishini yokudoba yesimanje ibhekwa njengesebenza kahle uma ingakwazi:
1. Khulisa ukunemba kokubanjwa okuqondiwe (izinhlobo eziningi eziqondiwe, ukubanjwa okuncane okungahleliwe).
2. Nciphisa isikhathi esichithwa ukufuna izindawo zokudoba.
3. Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli ngokusebenzisa imisebenzi ehleliwe kakhudlwana.
4. Gcina ikhwalithi yezinhlanzi ngokuphathwa okusheshayo nangokunembile.
5. Nciphisa ukubhujiswa kwezindawo zokuhlala kanye nemiphumela emvelweni.
Empeleni, ukusebenza kahle okugxile kakhulu kumthamo ngaphandle kokucabanga ngokusimama empeleni kunganciphisa inani lezinhlanzi futhi kulimaze abadobi isikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke, izingxoxo zokusebenza kahle kumele zihambisane nezici zokulondolozwa.
Izibonelo zamathuluzi nobuchwepheshe besimanje ekudobeni ngezinhlanzi
Imishini yokudoba yesimanje ayisho njalo ukushintsha uhlobo oluyinhloko lwemishini; ngokuvamile ubuchwepheshe obushintshayo: izinzwa, izinto zokwakha, kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula. Ezinye izibonelo ezivamile zifaka:
1. Umtholi wezinhlanzi kanye ne-echosounder
Le divayisi isebenzisa amaza omsindo ukuthola ukuthi kukhona izinhlanzi, ukujula, kanye nesakhiwo esingaphansi kolwandle. Ngomshini wokuthola izinhlanzi, abadobi abasathembeli kuphela "ekuqageleni." Umthelela wokusebenza kahle ubalulekile: isikhathi sokusesha sincishisiwe, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kuncishisiwe, futhi amathuba okuphumelela kwemisebenzi ayanda.
2. I-GPS kanye ne-chartplotter
I-GPS isiza ukukhomba indawo yomkhumbi ngokunembile, kuyilapho i-chartplotter ibonisa amamephu nemizila yolwandle. Lobu buchwepheshe benza kube lula ngabadobi ukubuyela ezindaweni ezingaba khona ezithole izinhlanzi ezinhle, bagweme izindawo eziyingozi, futhi bahlele imizila emfushane kakhulu. Ukusebenza kahle kutholakala ngokunciphisa amabanga okuhamba nokwandisa ukuphepha.
3. I-AIS kanye nohlelo lokuqapha imikhumbi
Uhlelo Lokuhlonza Okuzenzakalelayo (i-AIS) kanye nezinye izinhlelo zokuqapha zisiza ukulandelela ukuphepha kwemikhumbi, ukuphathwa kwemikhumbi, kanye nokuhambisana nemithetho. Ezinkampanini ezinkulu zokudoba, lokhu kuqapha kuthuthukisa nokusebenza kahle kokuxhumana: imikhumbi ingaqondiswa ezindaweni ezithembisayo ngokusekelwe olwazini lwensimu lwesikhathi sangempela.
4. Amanethi esimanje enziwe ngezinto zokwenziwa
Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezifana ne-nylon noma i-polyethylene kwenza amanethi aqine, alula, futhi aqine kakhulu kunezinto zendabuko. Amanetha alula anciphisa umthwalo womsebenzi futhi angasheshisa izinqubo zokubeka nokudonsa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubukhulu be-mesh bungalungiswa ukuze kuncishiswe ukubanjwa kwezinhlanzi ezincane (ezincane), ngaleyo ndlela kwandise ukusebenza kahle kwemvelo.
5. Usizo lokukhetha (Idivayisi Yokunciphisa i-Bycatch/BRD)
Kwezinye izindawo zokudoba, kufakwa amadivayisi engeziwe emanetheni ukuze kuncishiswe ukubanjwa kwezinhlobo ezingezona ezihlosiwe, njengezimfudu noma izinhlanzi ezithile ezivikelwe. Lokhu kwandisa ukusebenza kahle kokuhlunga, kunciphisa isikhathi sokuhlunga, futhi kuqinisekisa ukulandelwa kwemithetho.
6. Imishini yokuphatha izinhlanzi ebhodini
Ukusebenza kahle kuhlobene nekhwalithi. Ukusetshenziswa kwamabhokisi apholile afakwe kahle, iqhwa elicwebezelayo, iqhwa elithambile, noma izindawo eziqandisiwe kusiza ukugcina ikhwalithi yezinhlanzi kusukela ekuqaleni. Izinhlanzi ezinekhwalithi egciniwe zinenani eliphezulu lokuthengisa, okwenza zisebenze kahle ngokwezomnotho ngisho noma umkhiqizo ungakhuphuki.
Umthelela wokusebenza kahle ezindleleni zokusebenza kanye nokukhiqiza
Enye yezingxenye ezinkulu zezindleko ekudobeni okubanjwayo uphethiloli. Ubuchwepheshe bokuthola izinhlanzi, imizila, kanye nolwazi ngesimo solwandle lunganciphisa isikhathi esichithwa yinjini. Uma abadobi bengathola amaqembu ezinhlanzi ngokushesha, khona-ke:
– Isikhathi olwandle sifushane, ngaleyo ndlela konga ezokuthutha kanye nabasebenzi.
– Imvamisa yohambo ingandiswa noma isikhathi sokuphumula kwabasebenzi singaba esanele.
– Umonakalo wemishini ngenxa yokusebenza ngokweqile uyancishiswa, okunciphisa izindleko zokulungisa.
Ukukhiqiza kukhuliswa futhi ngemishini ethile, njenge-winches noma amadivayisi okudonsa inethi, okusheshisa ukuphakamisa izimpahla zokudoba futhi kunciphise ukukhathala kwabasebenzi. Ngakho-ke, ukusebenza kahle kwanamuhla akukhona nje "ukubamba okwengeziwe," kodwa "ukubamba ngokuhlakanipha."
Ukusebenza kahle kwemvelo: kungani ukukhetha kubalulekile
Ukusebenza kahle kahle kumele kunciphise ukubanjwa kwezinhlanzi okungahleliwe kanye nemiphumela yendawo yokuhlala. Imishini yokudoba engakhethi ivame ukukhiqiza amazinga aphezulu okubanjwa kwezinhlanzi okungahleliwe, yonakalise imvelo, futhi ibangele izingxabano zomthetho. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izindlela ezibhubhisayo empeleni ziqeda inani lezinhlanzi futhi zinciphise imali engenayo yabadobi.
Izinto zesimanje, eziklanywe ngokukhetha—njengokulungisa osayizi be-mesh, ukusebenzisa izibani ezinama-spectrum athile ukuze kudonswe izinhlobo ezihlosiwe, noma ukusebenzisa ama-BRD—kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlanzi zibanjwa ngobukhulu obufunwayo kanye nezinhlobo. Lokhu kuhambisana nezimiso zokuphathwa kokudoba okusimeme.
Izinselele zokusebenzisa imishini yokudoba yesimanje
Naphezu kokunikeza izinzuzo eziningi, ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe besimanje kubhekene nezingqinamba eziningana:
1. Izindleko zokuqala zokutshalwa kwezimali
Imishini yokuthola izinhlanzi, i-GPS, noma izinhlelo zokupholisa zidinga imali eningi. Abadobi abancane bavame ukuba nenkinga yokuthola imali noma isikweletu esifanele.
2. Amakhono obuchwepheshe kanye nokufunda nokubhala
Imishini yesimanje idinga ukuqeqeshwa. Ngaphandle kokuqonda okwanele, imishini ingaba yimbi kakhulu noma ibe nezingozi, njengokungayifundi kahle idatha ye-sonar.
3. Igebe phakathi kwabadobi abancane nabakhulu
Imikhumbi emikhulu ishesha ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe, okungase kudale ukungalingani kokudoba. Ngaphandle kwezinqubomgomo ezilinganiselayo, abadobi abancane bangacindezelwa kakhulu.
4. Ingozi yokudoba ngokweqile ngenxa yokusebenza kahle ngokweqile
Uma imishini isebenza kahle kakhulu, kulapho amathuba okusetshenziswa kwayo eba makhulu khona. Ngaphandle kwezilinganiso ezilawulwayo, izinkathi zokudoba, noma imikhawulo yemishini, izinhlanzi zingancipha kakhulu.
Izimiso zokusebenza kahle okusimeme
Ukuze ukusebenza kahle kwemishini yokudoba yesimanje kulethe izinzuzo zesikhathi eside, kudingeka kusetshenziswe izimiso eziningana ezibalulekile:
– Ukuthobela imithethonqubo yokudoba, okuhlanganisa ubukhulu be-mesh, izindawo zokudoba, kanye nemikhawulo yokubamba izinhlobo ezivikelwe.
– Ukusebenzisa indlela eqhutshwa idatha, njengokuqopha izinhlanzi ezibanjiwe, izindawo, ubukhulu bezinhlanzi, kanye nezinkathi zonyaka. Le datha isiza ekwenzeni izinqumo kanye nokuhlola.
– Ukuqeqeshwa nokuqeqeshwa kwabadobi, ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa kwe-sonar, ukuzulazula, kanye nokuphathwa kwemiphumela ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi.
– Ukubambisana phakathi kukahulumeni, izifundiswa, kanye nemiphakathi yokudoba ukuze kwethulwe izinto ezintsha ezihambisana nezimo zendawo—akuwona wonke ubuchwepheshe obufanele zonke izifunda.
– Ubuchwepheshe obusekela ukukhetha, hhayi nje ukwandisa amandla okubamba.
I-Penutup
Ukusebenza kahle kwemishini yokudoba yesimanje kuwumphumela wokuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe bokuthola izinhlanzi, izinhlelo zokuhamba, izinto zokudoba, imishini, kanye nokuphathwa kwemikhumbi ngemva kokuvuna. Lokhu kusebenza kahle kunganciphisa izindleko, kwandise ukuphepha, kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yezinhlanzi, futhi kunciphise ukubanjwa okungahleliwe. Kodwa-ke, ukusebenza kahle kumele kuhunyushwe kabanzi: hhayi nje kuphela okukhiqizayo, kodwa futhi okusimeme. Ngaphandle kokuphathwa okufanele, ubuchwepheshe besimanje bungasheshisa ukwehla kwezinhlanzi. Ngakho-ke, isiqondiso sokuthuthukiswa kwemishini yokudoba yesimanje kufanele kube ukukhuthaza "ukudoba okunembe kakhudlwana, okonga kakhulu, futhi okunobungani nemvelo," ukuze abadobi bahlale bechuma futhi izindawo zemvelo zasolwandle zilondolozwe.
