Ukubaluleka Kokufunda Nokubhala Ngedatha Emfundweni
Esikhathini sedijithali, idatha ikhona cishe kuzo zonke izici zokuphila—kusukela emabangeni ekhadi lokubika kanye nokuba khona kwabafundi kuya emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa ngisho nemikhuba yokufunda ezinkundleni zokufunda eziku-inthanethi. Imfundo ayisanciki kuphela ekuqondeni nasekuzweni, kodwa futhi nasekhonweni lokufunda, ukuqonda, nokusebenzisa idatha ngokuhlakanipha. Yilapho ulwazi lwedatha luba khona olubalulekile. Ulwazi lwedatha kwezemfundo alukona nje ikhono lokucubungula izinombolo, kodwa kunalokho amakhono aphelele adingekayo ukuqoqa, ukuhumusha, ukuhlola, kanye nokuxhumana idatha ngendlela yokuziphatha ukuze kusekelwe inqubo yokufundisa nokufunda. Lapho othisha, abafundi, kanye nabaphathi bezikole benolwazi oluhle lwedatha, izinqumo zivame ukuba eziqondiswe kakhulu, ezisobala, futhi zibe nomthelela omuhle ekuthuthukisweni kwabafundi.
Kuyini ulwazi lwedatha?
Ulwazi lwedatha yikhono lokuqonda idatha ngezindlela ezahlukene (izinombolo, amagrafu, amathebula, imiphumela yocwaningo, amarekhodi emisebenzi yokufunda), ukuhlola ikhwalithi nokufaneleka kwayo, bese uyisebenzisa ukuphendula imibuzo noma ukuxazulula izinkinga. Ngokomongo wemfundo, ulwazi lwedatha lusho ukukwazi ukufunda amaphethini okufunda kwabafundi, ukuhlonza izikhala zempumelelo, nokunquma amasu okufunda asekelwe ebufakazini. Ulwazi lwedatha luhlanganisa nokuqonda ukulinganiselwa kwedatha: idatha ingaba engaphelele, ichemile, noma ichazwe kabi uma ingahlaziywanga ngokucophelela.
Ulwazi lwedatha luhlukile kumakhono ezibalo aphelele. Izibalo ziyithuluzi, kanti ulwazi lwedatha luhlanganisa inqubo yokucabanga okubucayi: kusukela ekuchazeni imibuzo, ukukhetha idatha efanele, ukuhumusha imiphumela, kanye nokwenza izinqumo eziphendulayo. Isibonelo, ukubona amaphuzu ezivivinyo ehla akusho ukuthi abafundi "bayavilapha" ngokuzenzakalelayo; ulwazi lwedatha lusisiza ukuhlola izincazelo ezibanzi—kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ulwazi lunzima kakhulu, indlela yokufunda ayifanele, noma kunezici zenhlalo nemizwa ezihilelekile.
Kungani ulwazi lwedatha lubalulekile kothisha?
Othisha yibona abenza izinqumo eziyinhloko ekilasini. Ngolwazi lwedatha, othisha bangaklama ukufunda okuguquguqukayo nokuphendulayo. Imininingwane evela ekuhlolweni okwakhayo, imibuzo emifushane, noma imisebenzi ingasebenza njenge "mephu" yokubona ukuthi yimiphi imiqondo abafundi abayiqondile nokuthi yiziphi izindawo ezingacacile. Ukusuka lapho, othisha bangahlukanisa ukufunda: ukuhlinzeka ngokucebisa abafundi abasheshe baqonde kanye nokusekelwa okujulile kulabo abasalele emuva.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ulwazi ngedatha lusiza othisha ukuhlola ukusebenza kahle kwezindlela zokufundisa. Uma, ngemva kokusebenzisa imodeli yokufunda esekelwe kuphrojekthi, ukuqonda okunengqondo kuthuthuka, othisha banobufakazi bokuqhubeka naleyo ndlela. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma isu elithile lingasebenzi kahle, othisha bangazivumelanisa ngaphandle kokulinda kuze kube sekupheleni kwesemester. Ngamanye amazwi, ulwazi ngedatha luqinisa ubungcweti bothisha ngokuzindla okusekelwe ebufakazini.
Ulwazi lwedatha lungathuthukisa nokuxhumana nabazali. Uma othisha bekwazi ukuchaza intuthuko yabafundi besebenzisa idatha ecacile nelula ukuyiqonda—isibonelo, ukufunda amashadi entuthuko noma amarekhodi okuthuthukiswa kwamakhono—abazali banamathuba amaningi okuhlanganyela ekusekeleni ukufunda kwezingane zabo ekhaya.
Izinzuzo zokufunda idatha kubafundi
Abafundi abazona nje izinto zokuhlolwa; bangaba abasebenzisi bedatha ukuze bathuthukise amakhono okucabanga. Uma abafundi bekhuthazwa ukufunda imiphumela yokuhlola nokuqonda impendulo, bafunda ukuqaphela amandla nobuthakathaka babo. Lokhu kukhuthaza isisusa sokufunda esinempilo ngoba abafundi bayaqonda imigomo okudingeka bayifinyelele kanye nezinyathelo eziqondile zokuyifinyelela.
Ulwazi lwedatha lwabafundi lubalulekile empilweni. Ngaphandle kwesikole, bahlangana nolwazi olusekelwe kudatha nsuku zonke: izibalo zezempilo, izinhlolovo zemibono, izikhangiso eziguqula izinombolo, ngisho nolwazi ezinkundleni zokuxhumana. Ngaphandle kolwazi lwedatha, abafundi basengozini yokuthola ulwazi olungelona iqiniso kanye neziphetho eziyiphutha. Imfundo efaka ulwazi lwedatha ikhiqiza izakhamuzi ezigxeka kakhulu ezikwazi ukwenza izinqumo ngokusekelwe ebufakazini.
Indima yokufunda ngedatha ezikoleni kanye nenqubomgomo yemfundo
Ezingeni lesikole, ulwazi ngedatha lusekela ukuhlela okunembe kakhudlwana. Idatha yokuba khona ingasetshenziswa ukuthola ukuyeka esikoleni okungenzeka kusenesikhathi. Idatha yemiphumela yokufunda ingasiza izikole ukuthi zinqume izinhlelo zokulungisa, ukuqeqeshwa kothisha, noma ukulungiswa kwekharikhulamu. Ukuphathwa kwezinsiza kusebenza kahle kakhulu uma kusekelwe ezidingweni zangempela, hhayi ekucabangeni.
Ezingeni lenqubomgomo, ulwazi ngedatha lusiza ohulumeni kanye nababambiqhaza ukuhlola ngobuqotho izinhlelo zemfundo. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi idatha akuyona yodwa eqhuba inqubomgomo. Izinqumo zemfundo kumele zisacabangele izimo zomphakathi, amasiko, kanye nensimu. Ulwazi ngedatha empeleni luqondisa abenzi benqubomgomo ngale kwezinombolo nje. Isibonelo, ukuqhathanisa amaphuzu kuzo zonke izifunda kumele kufake ukuqonda kokufinyelela i-inthanethi, ikhwalithi yesikhungo, isizinda sezomnotho, kanye nezici zolimi.
Ulwazi lwedatha kanye nokuziphatha: ubumfihlo, ukucwasa, kanye nokulunga
Intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe iholele ekuqoqweni kwedatha yezemfundo okusabalele kakhulu. Amapulatifomu okufunda angaqopha isikhathi sokufunda, amaphethini okuchofoza, kanye nemiphumela yokuzivocavoca. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lokhu kusiza ekwenzeni ukufunda kube ngokwakho. Kodwa-ke, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubeka engcupheni yokwephulwa kobumfihlo kanye nokusetshenziswa kabi kwedatha. Ulwazi lwedatha kumele luhambisane nolwazi lokuziphatha: ukuthi ubani onokufinyelela kwedatha yabafundi, ukuthi igcinwa kanjani, nokuthi isetshenziswa ngaziphi izinjongo.
Ubandlululo luyinkinga enkulu futhi. Idatha ebonakala “ingaqondile” ingabonisa ukungalingani okukhona. Isibonelo, abafundi abavela ezindaweni ezingasekeli kakhulu bangase babe nokufinyelela okulinganiselwe ekufundeni, okuholela ekutheni idatha ibonise ukusebenza okuphansi—hhayi ngenxa yekhono eliphansi, kodwa ngenxa yamathuba angalingani. Uma lolu hlobo lwedatha lusetshenziswa ngaphandle kokuqonda umongo, izinqubomgomo zingaqinisa ukungalingani. Ulwazi lwedatha lukhuthaza othisha ukuba babuze: le datha imelela bani, yini engayifaki, futhi ingabe iziphetho esizifinyelelayo zilungile kubo bonke abafundi?
Amasu okukhulisa ulwazi lwedatha kwezemfundo
Ukufaka ulwazi ngedatha kudinga indlela ehleliwe. Okokuqala, ukuqeqeshwa kothisha kufanele kufake phakathi ikhono lokufunda imibiko yokuhlola, ukuqonda izinkomba zokufunda, nokusebenzisa amathuluzi alula njengama-spreadsheet noma amadeshibhodi ezemfundo. Lokhu kuqeqeshwa kufanele kube okusebenzayo futhi kusekelwe ezimweni zangempela, njengokuhlaziya imiphumela yokuhlolwa ukuze kunqunywe amaqembu okufunda.
Okwesibili, ulwazi lwedatha lungahlanganiswa nokufunda kuzo zonke izifundo. Kwezibalo, abafundi bangafunda ukufunda amagrafu nokuhumusha izibalo. Kwezemfundo yezenhlalo, abafundi bangahlaziya idatha yabantu noma yezomnotho. Kwezobuciko bezilimi, abafundi bangafunda ukugxeka idatha esetshenziswa ezihlokweni noma emibhalweni yemibono. Ngale nhlanganisela, ulwazi lwedatha luba yikhono lokuphila, hhayi into eyengeziwe ehlukile.
Okwesithathu, izikole zidinga ukwakha isiko lokusetshenziswa kwedatha. Imihlangano yothisha akufanele ixoxe ngokuphathwa kuphela kodwa futhi ifake nezingxoxo ezisekelwe kudatha, njengemikhuba yobunzima babafundi kumakhono athile kanye namasu okuthuthukisa. Lesi siko sizothuthuka uma idatha ibhekwa njengethuluzi lokuthuthukisa, hhayi isijeziso. Uma idatha isetshenziselwa ukusola othisha noma ukuhlazisa abafundi, abantu bazovame ukuzivikela futhi bangathandi ukuvula imilomo yabo.
Okwesine, ukuhlinzeka ngengqalasizinda eyanele kubalulekile. Ulwazi lwedatha aludingi njalo ukuthembela kubuchwepheshe obuyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa ukufinyelela amathuluzi kanye nohlelo lokugcina amarekhodi oluhlelekile kahle kuzoba usizo kakhulu. Izikole nazo kudingeka zibe nezindinganiso zokuphathwa kwedatha ukuqinisekisa ulwazi oluhambisanayo nolufanayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Izinselele kanye nendlela yokuzinqoba
Kunezinselele eziningana ezivamile. Okokuqala, ikhono lobuchwepheshe elilinganiselwe. Akubona bonke othisha abajwayelene namathuluzi okuhlaziya idatha. Isixazululo ukuqeqesha kancane kancane, ukuqeqeshwa okulula, kanye nemiphakathi yokufunda othisha. Okwesibili, isikhathi esilinganiselwe. Othisha kakade banomthwalo womsebenzi omningi. Ngakho-ke, izinhlelo zedatha kudingeka zakhiwe ukuze zibe usizo ngempela, hhayi ukwengeza umsebenzi wokuphatha. Okwesithathu, kunengozi yokuchazwa kabi. Idatha kumele ihlaziywe ngokucophelela futhi iqinisekiswe ngokubuka ekilasini kanye nengxoxo nabafundi.
Enye inselele ikhwalithi yedatha. Uma ukurekhoda kungahambisani noma amathuluzi okuhlola engenalo iqiniso, izinqumo eziqhutshwa idatha zingadukisa. Ngakho-ke, ulwazi lwedatha luhlanganisa ikhono lokuhlola ikhwalithi yedatha nokuthuthukisa izindlela zokuqoqwa kwedatha.
I-Penutup
Ukufunda ngedatha kuyikhono elibalulekile emfundweni yanamuhla. Kusiza othisha ukuthi baklame izifundo ezifanele kakhulu, kusize abafundi baqonde izinqubo zabo zokufunda, futhi kusize izikole nabenzi bezinqubomgomo ukuthi benze izinqumo ezilinganayo neziphumelelayo. Kodwa ukufunda ngedatha kungaphezu nje "kwezinombolo ezicindezelayo"; kudinga ukucabanga okujulile, ukuqonda umongo, kanye nokugcina ukuziphatha kanye nobumfihlo. Imfundo ebeka ulwazi ngedatha esisekelweni sayo izokulungela kangcono ukubhekana nezinselele zesikhathi: ukukhukhula kolwazi, ushintsho kwezobuchwepheshe, kanye nesidingo sokuthuthukisa njalo ikhwalithi yokufunda. Ngolwazi ngedatha, imfundo ingasuka ekucabangeni iye ezinqumweni ezisekelwe ebufakazini—ukuze kube nekusasa elingcono labafundi.
